Terebralia menestrieri (d’Orbigny, 1844)

Harzhauser, Mathias, Guzhov, Aleksandr & Landau, Bernard, 2023, A revision and nomenclator of the Cainozoic mudwhelks (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Batillariidae, Potamididae) of the Paratethys Sea (Europe, Asia), Zootaxa 5272 (1), pp. 1-241 : 100-102

Terebralia menestrieri (d’Orbigny, 1844)

Figs 16D–G, 17C

* Cerithium Menestrieri d’Orb., 1844 —d’Orbigny 1844: 467, pl. 4, fig. 6.

Cerithium Pauli — Hoernes 1874: 148.

Cerithium Pauli R. Hoern. — Hoernes 1875: 67, pl. 2, figs 5–7.

Cerithium Pauli — Pilide 1877: 137.

Cerithium lignitarum Eichwald — Cobălcescu 1883: 150, pl. 15, figs 6–9 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Cerithium Pauli R. Hoern. — Hoernes 1901: 337

Cerithium Menestrieri d’Orb. — Hoernes 1901: 339.

Cerithium menestrieri d’Orb. — Kolesnikov 1935: 230, pl. 28, figs 14–15.

Cerithium penetrabile n. sp. — Kolesnikov 1935: 231, pl. 28, figs 16–17.

Cerithium lignitarum Eichw. — Simionescu & Barbu 1940: 75, pl. 1, figs 1–5 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Cerithium lignitarum var. pauli R. Hoernes — Simionescu & Barbu 1940: 76, pl. 1, figs 6–7.

Cerithium cf. holleri R. Hoernes — Simionescu & Barbu 1940: 76, pl. 1, fig. 8 [non Hoernes, 1901].

Cerithium macoveii n.f.— Simionescu & Barbu 1940: 84, pl. 1, figs 31–32.

Potamides menestrieri (d’Orbigny, 1844) — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 158, pl. 39, fig. 9.

Potamides penetrabile ( Kolesnikov, 1935) — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 160, pl. 39, fig. 20.

Terebralia (Terebralia) bidentata menestrieri (d’Orbigny, 1844) — Kojumdgieva 1969: 95, pl. 33, figs 14–16.

Terebralia bidentata menestrieri (Orbigny) — Plǎmǎdealǎ 1970: 104, pl. 4, figs 1–12.

Terebralia bidentata menestrieri (Orbigny) — Plǎmǎdealǎ 1979: 61, figs a–л.

Terebralia menestrieri (D’Orbigny, 1844) — Ionesi et al. 2005: 108, pl. 17, fig. 14, pl. 23, figs 15–16.

Terebralia lignitarum pauli (R. Hoernes, 1875) — Ionesi et al. 2005: 108, pl. 17, fig. 13, pl. 23, fig. 19.

Terebralia macoveii ( Simionescu et Barbu, 1940) — Ionesi et al. 2005: 75

Terebralia lignitarum ( Eichwald, 1830) — Tămaş et al. 2013: 73, fig. 3a [non Eichwald, 1830].

non Cerithium Pauli R. Hoern. — Abel, 1900: 393 [= Terebralia lignitarum ( Eichwald, 1830) ].

Type material. Lectotype designated herein: MNHN.F.R54697, SL: 25.5 mm, MD: 10.9 mm, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris ( France), lectotype of Cerithium menestrieri d’Orbigny, 1844 , Figs 16D 1 –D 2.

Type locality. Chişinău ( Moldova)

Stratigraphy. Late Miocene, Sarmatian (Bessarabian).

Illustrated material. GBA 1875/006/0007/01, SL: 37.1 mm, MD: 12.9 mm, lectotype of Cerithium pauli Hoernes, 1874 , Brezovo (Friesach) ( Croatia), Geological Survey, Vienna, specimen illustrated by Hoernes (1875: 67, pl. 2, fig 13), Figs 16F. GBA 1875/006/0007/02, SL: 39.1 mm, MD: 12.5 mm, paralectotype of Cerithium pauli Hoernes, 1874 , Brezovo (Friesach) ( Croatia), Geological Survey, Vienna, specimen illustrated by Hoernes (1875: 67, pl. 2, figs 14a–b), Figs 16E 1 –E 2; 17C. Nr 325/11126 (2871/323), lectotype of Cerithium penetrabile Kolesnikov, 1935 , Letychiv ( Ukraine), Sarmatian (Bessarabian), illustrated in Kolesnikov (1935: pl. 28, fig. 16). TSNIGR Museum Saint-Petersburg, Figs 16G.

Studied material. 2 spec., NHMW 1877/0025/0049, Krawarsko , Brezovo ( Croatia), Sarmatian (Volhynian) .

Revised description. Medium sized with regular convex spire and weakly convex to nearly straight-sided whorls; suture weakly incised. Protoconch and first teleoconch whorls unknown. Early teleoconch whorls narrowly conical (~25°) with convex axial ribs.Apical angle widening around 6 th –7 th whorl (~30°). Spiral sculpture developing successively by intercalation of faint spiral groove close below adapical suture, separating weak spiral cord of beads around 10 th teleoconch whorl. Later whorls with four distinct spiral cords of close-set rounded beads, axially arranged in weakly opisthocline axial ribs. Fifth spiral cord with beads of variable strength frequently appearing on later whorls close to abapical suture. Last whorl moderately convex, with high base; base covered by about eight beaded spiral cords. Aperture wide, ovoid, oblique. Columella straight, smooth. Outer lip moderately flaring, convex, weakly thickened. Two blunt denticles deep inside aperture, corresponding to prominent varix on last whorl. Inner lip moderately broad, weakly callus, attached to base. Siphonal canal deeply incised, twisted, strongly deflected to the left. Anal canal weakly incised.

Synonyms. Cerithium pauli Hoernes, 1874 and Cerithium penetrabile Kolesnikov, 1935 are two subjective junior synonyms of Terebralia menestrieri from the Sarmatian (Volhynian) of the Austria and the Sarmatian (Bessarabian) of the Ukraine. Both are characterized by rather delicate sculpture. Cerithium macoveii Simionescu & Barbu 1940 is a morph of Terebralia menestrieri with delicate sculpture of small beads but with marked varices.

Discussion. This species was treated as subjective junior synonym of Terebralia lignitarum ( Eichwald, 1830) or Terebralia duboisi ( Ĥrnes, 1855) by many authors (e.g., Ĥrnes 1855; Landau et al. 2013; Thivaiou et al. 2023). After careful revision of the available material, however, we consider Terebralia menestrieri (d’Orbigny, 1844) to be an endemic Sarmatian species. A closer relation with Terebralia lignitarum is suggested by the similar morphology of the last whorl, which differs from the strongly contracted last whorl of T. duboisi ( Ĥrnes, 1855) . Nevertheless, the early teleoconch sculpture of T. menestrieri (with prominent axial ribs) differs considerably from T. lignitarum (with beaded spiral cords). Moreover, T. menestrieri is always distinctly smaller, attaining about half the size of the Badenian ancestor, and is more thin-shelled, with a more regular conical spire. Its sculpture is always much more delicate with smaller beads, the columellar fold is much weaker, and the outer lip is thinner. Moreover, T. menestrieri lacks prominent varices on spire whorls.

Distribution. The species is rare in the Volhynian of the Central Paratethys and persists into the Bessarabian in the eastern Paratethys, with occurrences on the Moldavian Platform and in the Dacian Basin.

Central Paratethys. Sarmatian, Volhynian (Middle Miocene): Styrian Basin: Hafnertal at Lichtenwald, Waldhof at Graz ( Austria) ( Hoernes 1875); Pannonian Basin: Brezovo, Krawarsko ( Croatia) ( Hoernes 1875; Papp 1954); Cserhát Mountains ( Boda 1959); Mehadia Basin: Valea Belibuc, Valea Svinea Mare (Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968); Transylvanian Basin: Răcăştia ( Romania) ( Tămaş et al. 2013).

Eastern Paratethys. Sarmatian, Bessarabian (Late Miocene): Moldavian Platform: Cârlig, Cetăţuia-Dobrovăţ, Făureşti, MaramureȘ, Rădăşeni, Răducăneni, Sării, Scheia, Slobozia Valari ( Romania) ( Simionescu & Barbu 1940; Korobkov 1951); Bohotin-Fălcui, Buşăuca, Calfa, Chişinău, Cotiujenii Mici, Cricova, Doibani, Gura Bîkului, Holercani, Măgura, MolochiȘul, Orhei, Oxentea, Roşcani, Taşlîc, Trebujeni ( Moldova) ( Simionescu & Barbu 1940; Plǎmǎdealǎ 1970; Ionesi et al. 2005); Letychiv (Khmel'nytskyi Region, Ukraine) ( Kolesnikov 1935); Dacian Basin: Dylgo Pole, Kostichovtsi ( Bulgaria) ( Kojumdgieva 1969).