Ephutomma montarcense, : Lelej, 1985

Matias, Rafael, 2023, Sex-association experiments reveal the true identity of Physetopoda lampedusia (Invrea, 1957) (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae, Smicromyrmini), Zootaxa 5311 (2), pp. 203-231 : 210-212

Ephutomma montarcense ((Mercet MS.) Giner Marí, 1944)

Figs. 4–8

Smicromyrme montarcense (Mercet MS.) Giner Marí, 1944: 89 , ♁, short diagnosis, key.

Smicromyrme montarcense Mercet in Suárez 1959: 98, ♁; description: holotype [lectotype] «Montarco (Madrid), sin fecha [without date], Arias» [MNCN], paratypes [paralectotypes], 10 ♁♁ with the same label [MNCN and ex coll. Suárez]; Mingo & Compte, 1963: 80 (♁, dorsal habitus figured), 89 (♁, genitalia figured). Junior homonym and junior objective synonym of S. montarcense (Mercet MS.) Giner Marí, 1944 . New synonymy.

Smicromyrme lampedusia Invrea, 1957: 16 , ♀; 1964: 216, ♀. Junior subjective synonym of E. montarcense ((Mercet MS.) Giner Marí). New synonymy.

Smicromyrme negrei Suárez, 1965a: 577 ,

♀. Holotype, ♀ “Mazuza, Marruecos [ Morocco], IX-1956, A. Pardo [MNCN: ex coll. Suárez]. Junior subjective synonym of S. lampedusia Invrea, 1957 according to Arnone & Romano 1995: 745. Junior subjective synonym of E. montarcense ((Mercet MS.) Giner Marí). New synonymy.

Ephutomma montarcense: Lelej 1985: 183 (key); 2002: 53 (catalogued); Pagliano et al. 2020: 173 (catalogued); Parejo-Pulido et al. 2023: 12–13 (♁, habitus, discussed).

Physetopoda lampedusia: Pagliano & Strumia 2007: 76 (catalogued); Baldock 2014: 342 (♀); Lo Cascio 2015: 555 (listed); Pagliano et al. 2020: 180 (catalogued); Parejo-Pulido et al. 2023: 15 (♀, dorsal habitus).

Type specimens. Lectotype of S. montarcense , ♁ (designated by Suárez 1959: 100, MNCN _Ent91196) [ MNCN] . Holotype of S. lampedusia Invrea , ♀, “Isola di Lampedusa, Cavallo bianco, 18.v.[19]56 [ Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “ G. Doria ”, Genova, Italy] .

Distribution ( Fig. 9 ): Portugal, Spain (including Mallorca Isl.), Morocco, Italy (Lampedusa Isl.).

Material examined (38♁♁, 63♀♀, all specimens R. Matias leg., det. & coll., unless otherwise stated).

PORTUGAL (35♁♁, 63♀♀). CASTELO BRANCO: Alfrívida ( Vila Velha de Ródão ), 29.vii.2019 (1♀). LISBON: Quinta do Hespanhol (Dois Portos, Torres Vedras): 8.viii.1999 (1♀). Carreiras (Carvoeira, Torres Vedras): 5.v.2002 (2♀). Quinta Nova do Hespanhol (Dois Portos, Torres Vedras), 31.vii.2003 (1♁, 1♀). Carmões (Torres Vedras), 6.v.2014 (1♀); 20.iv.2022 (2♀). Quinta da Glória (Carvoeira, Torres Vedras): 1.v.2019 (1♀). Casal do Rio , Carreiras (Carvoeira, Torres Vedras): 1.v.2019 (1♀). Casal Sobrigal (Carmões, Torres Vedras): 15.viii.2019 (1♁, white pan trap); 4.vi.2021 (1♀, blue pan trap); 13.vii.2021 (1♀, blue pan trap); 25.vii.2021 (1♁, 1♀); 27.vii.2021 (1♁, 1♀); 30.vii.2021 (2♁); 31.vii.2021 (3♁, white pan trap); 1.viii.2021 (3♁, white pan trap); 2.viii.2021 (11♁: 2 in white pan trap, 1 in yellow pan trap; 2♀); 3.viii.2021 (1♁, white pan trap); 4.viii.2021 (1♁, white pan trap); 5.viii.2021 (2♀); 6.viii.2021 (1♁, 2♀); 7.viii.2021 (1♁, yellow pan trap); 8.viii.2021 (1♁, white pan trap; 1♀); 9.viii.2021 (2♁, white pan trap); 10.viii.2021 (2♁, white pan trap); 12.viii.2021 (1♁, yellow pan trap); 29.ix.2021 (3♀); 3.x.2021 (1♀); 8.x.2021 (1♁, yellow pan trap); 10.x.2021 (3♀); 4.v.2022 (1♀); 7.v.2022 (2♀). Torres Vedras (Lisbon), 30.ix.2021 (1♀). Serra do Lima (Odrinhas, Sintra): 14.ix.2018 (1♀); 16.iv.2019 (2♀). Serra das Éguas (Carenque, Amadora): 29.iv.2019 (1♀); 23.vii.2019 (4♀); 22.viii.2019 (2♀); 20.vii.2020 (3♀); 10.viii.2020 (2♀); 16.viii.2020 (5♀); 19.viii.2020 (1♀); 13.v.2022 (8♀); 15.vii.2022 (1♀); 22.vii.2022 (1♀). FARO: Arrochela (200 m S of Arade River ), Silves, 16.vii.2022 (1♁), light trap ( T. Valkenburg leg., R. Matias det. & coll.). SPAIN (3♁♁). MADRID: Montarco, no date, Arias leg. (1♁: MNCN _ Ent 91199, paralectotype, genitalia in separate vial); no date, Arias leg. (1♁: MNCN _ Ent 91200, paralectotype; Fig. 6 ). CADIZ: Jerez de la Frontera, 6–7.viii.1967, PMF Verhoeff leg., Suárez ex-coll. & det. 1968 (1♁: MNCN _ Ent 308522, genitalia glued over separate card).

Material present in the MNCN and not examined ( M. París in litt.). SPAIN (11♁♁). Montarco (Madrid): no date, Arias leg. (1♁, lectotype: MNCN _ Ent 91196; 7♁♁, paralectotypes: MNCN _ Ent 91197, MNCN _ Ent 91198, MNCN _ Ent 97009 ( Suárez ex coll.), MNCN _ Ent 97010 ( Suárez ex coll.), MNCN _ Ent 97011 ( Suárez ex coll.), MNCN _ Ent 97012 ( Suárez ex coll.), MNCN _ Ent 98345 ( Suárez ex coll.); 1♁, adelfotype, MNCN _ Ent 337135 (Suárez det. 1979)). Alcudia, Mallorca (Balearic Islands), 8.vii.1894 (F. Moragues leg.), 1♁, only genitalia kept ( MNCN _Ent 283563). Alicante, 23.vi.[19]10, 1♁, Cox leg., Andreu, Suárez ex coll. ( MNCN _ Ent 337136).

Diagnosis. MALE. Body length 5.8–10.7 mm. Within the Iberian Peninsula, this male is easily distinguished from all other Smicromyrmini by the combination of an almost all black integument, felt line present only on T2, basal external tooth of mandible not protruding laterally, and silvery-white appressed pubescence apically on T2 and fully covering T3 and T4. Integument black except for subapical brick-red band on mandible, brownish posterior edge of tegula and brownish apical edge to antennal tubercle. Silvery-white appressed pubescence over narrow apical fringe on T2 and forming full bands over T3 and T4. Mandible bidentate, ventrally with small sub-medial tubercle (“tooth”) on outer margin, laterally not protruding. T2 with long and narrow felt line and S2 with no felt line. Wings slightly infuscate (pale brown) medially and especially on the outer border of forewing, sub-hyaline basally. Volsellar cuspis elongated and lamellar, apically narrowed and rounded, ventrally with setae approximately half the cuspis length, with many bent subapically posterad. Scutellum and T7 with long white setae. Clypeus weakly concave basally, slightly projected forward medially, bidentate on the anterior margin. Ocelli relatively small. POL:OOL 1.0–1.2.

FEMALE. Body length 3.4–6.5 mm. This female is recognizable by its elongated mesosoma, narrowed behind the pronotal spiracles, elongated T2 and round head with large eyes, when combined with the unmarked pygidium margined by white setae, the general pattern of pubescence and the inconspicuous scutellar scale. Head relatively small and rounded, markedly convex behind the eyes and wider than pronotum, with elongated spot of sparse long pale setae medially over vertex. Eyes large, very convex and protruding; minimum distance between their inner margins ca. 1.3 times their longitudinal diameter. Mesosoma narrow and elongated, ratio length/width ca. 1.7, narrower and with parallel sides behind the pronotal spiracles; propodeal spiracles dorsally not protruding; narrow well defined black pronotal band. Pygidium unmarked, smooth and shiny, laterally with pale setae partially overlapping its surface. Metasoma basally with three transversely aligned spots of pale pubescence over T2 (the lateral spots only dorso-laterally), apical band of pale pubescence medially slightly enlarged triangularly and full band over T3; T2 elongated.

Redescription of MALE. TL 5.8–10.7 mm; Figs. 4–6.

1. Colour of integument.

Black, except for narrow subapical transversal brick-red band on mandible, posterior border of tegula brownish to reddish-brown, and antennal tubercle apically brownish; legs and other structures may be paler brown in smaller individuals (see below). Tegula variably brown. Wings slightly infuscate (pale brown) medially and especially on outer border of forewing (beyond cells), basally sub-hyaline; veins medium brown, basally pale yellowish-brown, darker on costal and subcostal veins; pterostigma sub-celluliform, with thick black opaque venation surrounding slightly paler browner centre.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Ephutomma montarcense, ♁. Casal Sobrigal (Torres Vedras, Portugal), 15.viii.2019, TL = 7.4 mm (A–H, K–L); Casal Sobrigal (Torres Vedras, Portugal), 2.viii.2021 (I–J) A dorsal habitus B mandible: lateral view C mandible: dorsal view D mandible: internal surface, ventro-lateral view E mandible: external surface, ventro-lateral view F clypeus G metasoma, lateral view H antenna I genitalia: ventral view J genitalia: dorsal view K genitalia: dorso-lateral view L genitalia: lateral view. Scale bar = 2 mm (A), 0.25 mm (B–F), 0.5 mm (G–L).

FIGURE 5. Ephutomma montarcense, ♁, size and structural variation. All specimens Casal Sobrigal (Torres Vedras, Portugal) A 2.viii.2021, TL = 10.7 mm (♁G in Fig. 1 and pairing trials 13, 15–16, 21) B 25.vii.2021, TL = 8.0 mm (♁A in Fig. 1 and pairing trials 1–3) C 7.viii.2021, TL = 6.1 mm; scale bar = 2 mm; composite image.

FIGURE 6. Ephutomma montarcense, ♁. Paralectotype: specimen MNCN_Ent91200, Montarco (Madrid, Spain). A lateral view, scale bar = 1 mm B specimen labels.

FIGURE 7. Ephutomma montarcense, ♀. Casal Sobrigal (Torres Vedras, Portugal), 6.viii.2021 (♀G in Fig. 1 and pairing trial 19), TL = 5.1 mm A dorsal habitus B ventral habitus C lateral habitus D pygidium E antenna F mandible, dorsal view G head, frontal view H S2, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm (A–C), 0.5 mm (D–E), 0.25 mm (F–H).

FIGURE 8. Ephutomma montarcense, ♀, size and structural variation. A Carmões (Torres Vedras, Portugal), 20.iv.2022, TL = 6.5 mm B Casal Sobrigal (Torres Vedras, Portugal), 25.vii.2021, TL = 4.6 mm (♀A in Fig. 1 and pairing trials 1–3, 5–6) C Casal Sobrigal (Torres Vedras, Portugal), 27.vii.2021, TL = 3.4 mm (♀B in Fig. 1 and pairing trials 4, 11); scale bar = 2 mm; composite image.

FIGURE 9. Currently known distribution of E. montarcense. The exact localities according to literature are shown as a black dot, while the administrative regions (of Portugal, Spain and Morocco) including them are filled in dark grey (in the case of the Balearic Islands, only Mallorca is filled). The Island of Lampedusa is shown in the centre of a circle, indicated with an arrow.