Gardnerycteris keenani (Handley, 1960)

Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Phyllostomidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 444-583 : 502

27.

Keenan's Hairy-nosed Bat

Gardnerycteris keenani

French: Gardneryctére de Keenan / German: Keenan-Haarblattnase / Spanish: Gardnericterio de Keenan

Taxonomy. Mimon crenulatum keenani Handley, 1960 ,

“Fort Gulick, Panama Canal Zone,” Panama.

Based on phylogenetic analysis, N. Hurtado and V. Pacheco in 2014 reassigned keenani to the new genus Gardnerycteris . Monotypic.

Distribution. Central America from S Mexico (Lacandon region and S Yucatan Peninsula) and through Caribbean slope to Panama and in South American W Andes in Colombia, W Venezuela, W Ecuador, and extreme NW Peru.

Descriptive notes. Head-body 40-66 mm, tail 23-24 mm, hindfoot 10-11 mm, ear 23-25 mm,forearm 48-52 mm; weight 12-16 g. Keenan’s Hairy-nosed Bat differs from other species of Gardnerycteris by the following combination of characteristics: broad and yellowish cream dorsalstripe, large and prominent yellowish auricular patches, third metacarpal shorter than fifth, and uropatagium fringe absent. No other bat species has crenulated noseleaf with large hairs on tip and short ones on base and a broad yellowish stripe on back. Anterior border of nasal bones is sigmoidal at each side, rostrum has shallow median depression, root of zygomatic arch is flattened,sagittal crest is low, accessory median foramen is present, bullae are broad and high, basioccipital at cochlear level is broad, basisphenoid pits are deep, anterior crest of coronoid process is curved, coronoid process does not pass base of molar row, and median sulcus between hypocone and paracone is present in M! and M?.

Habitat. Equatorial dry forest, Pacific tropical rainforests, tropical moist deciduous forest, and banana groves from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 600 m.

Food and Feeding. Keenan's Hairy-nosed Batis mainly insectivorous, eating Coleoptera (Cerambycidae) , Hemiptera , Lepidoptera , Diptera , and small vertebrates (lizards).

Breeding. Pregnant Keenan’s Hairy-nosed Bats are known from beginning of rainy season (April) in Costa Rica and from February in Campeche, Mexico. They have one young per year, and young are found during dry season (December) and early rainy season.

Activity patterns. Keenan's Hairy-nosed Bat has been caught more often near the ground than at subcanopylevels. It probably gleans insects and small vertebrates over vegetation. It roosts in hollow tree trunks,rotting logs, and hollow tree stumps, preferring humid areas; in Venezuela,it was caught near buildings.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. Colonies of Keenan’s Hairy-nosed Bats are small, with less than ten individuals. They are frequently mist-netted in male— female pairs, suggesting that pairs forage together.

Status and Conservation. Not assessed on The IUCNRed List. Keenan’s Hairy-nosed Bat is considered endangered on the Mexican list of threatened species (as Mimon crenulatum ).

Bibliography. Humphrey et al. (1983), Hurtado & D’Elia (2018), Hurtado & Pacheco (2014), Hurtado et al. (2014), McCarthy (1987), McCarthy et al. (1993), Medellin (1983), SEMARNAT (2010), Timm etal. (1989).

Figures

24. Long-legged Bat (Macrophyllum macrophyllum), 25. Fringe-lipped Bat (Trachops cirrhosus), 26. Striped Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris crenulatum), 27. Keenan's Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris keenani), 28. Koepcke’s Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris koepckeae), 29. Kalko’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma kalkoae), 30. Pygmy Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma brasiliense), 31. Carriker’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma carrikeri), 32. Schulz’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma schulzi), 33. Western Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma occidentale), 34. Davis's Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma evotis), 35. White-throated Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma silvicola), 36. Greater Round-eared Bat (Tonatia bidens), 37. Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat (Tonatia saurophila), 38. Pale-faced Bat (Phylloderma stenops), 39. Pale Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus discolor), 40. Lesser Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus elongatus), 41. Greater Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus hastatus), 42. Guianan Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus latifolius), 43. Woolly False Vampire Bat (Chrotopterus auritus), 44. Southern Golden Bat (Mimon bennettii), 45. Cozumelan Golden Bat (Mimon cozumelae), 46. Spectral Bat (Vampyrum spectrum)

Distribution. Central America from S Mexico (Lacandon region and S Yucatan Peninsula) and through Caribbean slope to Panama and in South American W Andes in Colombia , W Venezuela , W Ecuador , and extreme NW Peru .