Lionycteris spurrelli, Thomas, 1913

Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Phyllostomidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 444-583 : 528

87.

Chestnut Long-tongued Bat

Lionycteris spurrelli

French: Lionyctére des cavernes / German: Spurrell-Langzungenfledermaus / Spanish: Lionicterio de Spurrell

Other common names: Spurrell's Long-nosed Bat

Taxonomy. Lionycteris spurrelli Thomas, 1913 ,

“Condoto, Choco, Colombia. Alt. 300’ [= 91 m}].”

This species is monotypic.

Distribution. E Panama, Colombia, S Venezuela, the Guianas, Brazil, E Ecuador, E Peru, and N Bolivia.

Descriptive notes. Head—-body 40-63 mm, tail 5-10 mm, ear 8-15 mm, hindfoot 8-13 mm, forearm 32-37 mm; weight 6-13 g. The Chestnut Long-tongued Bat is a small lonchophylline that can be confused with species of Hsunycteris , although its hairs are dark to their bases. Dorsal pelage is chestnut-brown to dark brown, with 4-5 mm unicolored hairs. Ventral hairs are slightly paler, with lightly frosted tips. Ears are short and rounded. Wing membrane is dark brown and attachesto tibia well above the ankle. Muzzle is narrow and elongated but conspicuously shorter than braincase, with short stiff hairs and small noseleaf. Lower and upper jaws are about the same length. Chin groove is shallow, bordered by smooth V-shaped pad. Tail is about onethird the length of uropatagium, with hairs on medial surface of membrane. Forearms are naked. I! are ¢.50% larger than 12. Dental formula is1 2/2, C1/1,P 2/3, M 5/5 (x2) = 34. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 28 and FN = 50.

Habitat. Primarily lowland tropical rainforests but also savannas, secondary forests, gardens, plantations, karst areas, and montane forests up to elevations of ¢. 1400 m. Chestnut Long-tongued Bats are mostly caught in humid forests and frequently near streams.

Food and Feeding. Chestnut Long-tongued Bats feed primarily on nectar and second-arily on pollen and insects.

Breeding. Pregnant Chestnut Long-tongued Bats have been documented in January and June-September; non-reproductive females in March, June-July, and September; lactating females in February, April, and June; and a juvenile in May.

Activity patterns. Chestnut LLong-tongued Bats roost in caves, rock crevices, and cul-verts. They are some ofthe first bats to emerge from cave roosts during twilight.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.

Bibliography. Baker (1979), Griffiths & Gardner (2008b), Lira et al. (2009), Parlos et al. (2014), Thomas (1913c), Tirira (2017), Trajano & Gimenez (1998), Woodman & Timm (2006).

Figures

83. Cadena’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris cadenai), 84. Dashe’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris dashe), 85. Patton’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris pationi), 86. Thomas's Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris thomasi), 87. Chestnut Long-tongued Bat (Lionycteris spurrelli), 88. Brazilian Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla mordax), 89. Chocoan Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla chocoana), 90. Goldman's Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla concava), 91. Pacific Forest Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla fornicata), 92. Orces’s Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla orcesi), 93. Western Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla hesperia), 94. Eastern Cordilleran Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla orienticollina), 95. Handley’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla handleyi), 96. Orange Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla robusta), 97. Dekeyser’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla dekeyseri), 98. Pale-bellied Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla inexpectata), 99. Bokermann’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla bokermanni), 100. Peracchi’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla peracchii), 101. Long-snouted Bat (Platalina genovensium), 102. Vieira’s Long-tongued Bat (Xeronycleris vierrai)

Distribution. E Panama , Colombia , S Venezuela , the Guianas, Brazil , E Ecuador , E Peru , and N Bolivia .