Diplocentridae Karsch, 1880

Prendini, Lorenzo, Ehrenthal, Valentin L. & Loria, Stephanie F., 2021, Systematics Of The Relictual Asian Scorpion Family Pseudochactidae Gromov, 1998, With A Review Of Cavernicolous, Troglobitic, And Troglomorphic Scorpions, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (453), pp. 1-153 : 124-126

Family Diplocentridae Karsch, 1880

Cryptoiclus rodriguezi Teruel and Kovařík, 2012 : CUBA. Habitat: exclusively in interstitial spaces of soil, deep inside rocky taluses in cave entrances at the base of coastal cliffs. Troglomorphies: median and lateral ocelli reduced; pigmentation and sclerotization reduced. Previous assessments: lives exclusively in interstitial spaces of soil, deep inside rocky taluses in cave entrances at the base of coastal limestone cliffs 10–52 m (Teruel and Kovařík, 2012). Current assessment: endogean. Citations: Teruel and Kovařík (2012).

Diplocentrus actun Armas and Palacios-Vargas, 2002 : MEXICO. Habitat: inside cave. Troglomorphies: median ocelli absent; lateral ocelli reduced; pigmentation and sclerotization absent; pedipalps and legs attenuate. Previous assessments: troglobite (Armas and Palacios-Vargas, 2002; Volschenk and Prendini, 2008; Sissom and Reddell, 2009); troglobio (Palacios-Vargas and Reddell, 2013). Current assessment: hypogean: troglobite. Citations: Armas and Palacios-Vargas (2002); Volschenk and Prendini (2008); Sissom and Reddell (2009); Palacios-Vargas and Reddell (2013). Remarks: This species is probably a junior synonym of D. anophthalmus .

Diplocentrus anophthalmus Francke, 1977 : MEXICO. Habitat: inside cave. Troglomorphies: median ocelli absent; lateral ocelli reduced; pigmentation and sclerotization absent; pedipalps and legs attenuate; telson vesicle enlarged. Previous assessments: troglobite (Francke, 1977, 1978; Reddell, 1977, 1981; Armas, 1994; Armas and Palacios-Vargas, 2002; Volschenk and Prendini, 2008; Sissom and Reddell, 2009); troglobie (Lourenço and Francke, 1985); troglobio (Palacios-Vargas and Reddell, 2013); troglobiont (Santibáñez-López et al., 2014a). Current assessment: hypogean: troglobite. Citations: Francke (1977, 1978); Reddell (1977, 1981); Lourenço (1981); Muchmore (1982); Lourenço and Francke (1985); Beutelspacher and López- Forment (1991); Armas (1994); Palacios-Vargas (1994); Armas and Palacios-Vargas (2002); Volschenk and Prendini (2008); Sissom and Reddell (2009); Palacios-Vargas and Reddell (2013); Santibáñez-López et al. (2014b); Rossi (2018a). Remarks: A monotypic genus of dubious validity, Troglopolyphemos Rossi, 2018 , was erected to accommodate this species; it is retained in the genus Diplocentrus Peters, 1861 , in the present contribution.

Diplocentrus cueva Francke, 1978 : MEXICO. Habitat: inside cave. Troglomorphies: median ocelli reduced; pigmentation and sclerotization reduced; pedipalps and legs attenuate. Previous assessments: troglobite (Francke, 1978; Reddell, 1981; Armas, 1994; Volshenk and Prendini, 2008); troglobie (Lourenço and Francke, 1985); in initial stages of regressive evolution (Sissom, 1986); troglobio (Palacios-Vargas and Reddell, 2013). Current assessment: hypogean: troglobite. Citations: Francke (1978); Lourenço (1981); Reddell (1981); Lourenço and Francke (1985); Sissom (1986); Beutelspacher and López-Forment (1991); Armas (1994); Palacios- Vargas (1994); Volschenk and Prendini (2008); Sissom and Reddell (2009); Palacios-Vargas and Reddell (2013).

Diplocentrus mitchelli Francke, 1977 : MEX- ICO. Habitat: inside cave. Previous assessments: troglobite ( Francke , 1977, 1978; Reddell, 1977, 1981; Armas, 1994; Armas and Palacios-Vargas, 2002); troglobie (Lourenço and Francke , 1985) ; probably not a troglobite (Volschenk and Prendini, 2008); possibly troglobitic (Sissom and Reddell , 2009) ; troglobio (Palacios-Vargas and Reddell, 2013). Current assessment: epigean: accidental. Citations: Francke (1977, 1978) ; Reddell (1977, 1981) ; Lourenço (1981) ; Lourenço and Francke (1985) ; Beutelspacher and López-Forment (1991) ; Armas (1994) ; Palacios- Vargas (1994); Armas and Palacios-Vargas (2002) ; Volschenk and Prendini (2008) ; Sissom and Reddell (2009) ; Palacios-Vargas and Reddell (2013). Remarks : The holotype is an early instar juvenile suggesting the absence of pigmentation is the juvenile condition as observed in most other diplocentrids (Volschenk and Prendini, 2008). This species is probably a junior synonym of D. reddelli .

Diplocentrus reddelli Francke, 1977 : MEXICO. Habitat: inside sinkhole; outside cave. Previous assessments: smallest epigean species (Francke, 1977); troglophile (Reddell, 1977); probably an accidental (Sissom and Reddell, 2009); especies conocidas solo de cuevas, pero probablemente no restringidas a los hábitats subterráneos (Palacios-Vargas and Reddell, 2013). Current assessment: epigean: accidental. Citations: Francke (1977); Reddell (1977, 1981); Sissom and Reddell (2009); Palacios-Vargas and Reddell (2013); Santibáñez-López et al. (2014a).

Kolotl magnus (Beutelspacher and López-Forment, 1991) : MEXICO. Habitat: inside cave but also inhabits cracks and crevices in rocks. Previous assessments: troglobite (Beutelspacher and López-Forment, 1991); not a troglobite (Volschenk and Prendini, 2008); probably an accidental (Sissom and Reddell, 2009); semilithophilous (Santibáñez-López et al., 2014a). Current assessment: epigean: accidental. Citations: Beutelspacher and López-Forment (1991); Volschenk and Prendini (2008); Sissom and Reddell (2009); Santibáñez-López et al. (2014a, 2014b).

Heteronebo clareae Armas, 2001 : UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ( Navassa Island ). Habitat: inside “dark zone” of vertical “cave” ca. 1.2 m in diameter and only 5 m deep. Troglomorphies: median and lateral ocelli reduced; pigmentation and sclerotization absent; pedipalps and legs attenuate. Previous assessments: troglobite (Armas, 2001) ; probably not a troglobite ( Volschenk and Prendini, 2008). Current assessment: endogean or hypogean: trogloxene (subtroglophile). Citations: Armas (2001) ; Volschenk and Prenndini (2008). Remarks: The shallowness of the cave suggests this is a trogloxene, if not an accidental .