Venezillo garimpeiro Campos-Filho, Borja-Arrieta & Bichuette, 2023

Campos-Filho, Ivanklin Soares, Sfenthourakis, Spyros, Gallo, Jéssica Scaglione, Gallão, Jonas Eduardo, Torres, Dayana Ferreira, Chagas-Jr, Amazonas, Horta, Lília, Carpio-Díaz, Yesenia Margarita, López-Orozco, Carlos Mario, Borja-Arrieta, Ricardo, Araujo, Paula Beatriz, Taiti, Stefano & Bichuette, Maria Elina, 2023, Shedding light into Brazilian subterranean isopods (Isopoda, Oniscidea): expanding distribution data and describing new taxa, Zoosystema 45 (19), pp. 531-599 : 579-583

Venezillo garimpeiro Campos-Filho, Borja-Arrieta & Bichuette , n. sp.

( Figs 38-40 ; 49B )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:06791B62-09E8-4A3F-BD26-C4E8F327A96F

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Brazil • ♂ (parts in micropreparations); Gruta do Lapão cave, Lençois, Chapada Diamantina , state of Bahia; 12°32’25.30”S, 41°24’9.75”W; 17.II.2020; M. E. Bichuette, D. F. Torres, G. C. Rabello & J. E. Gallão leg.; LES 28008 .

Paratypes. Brazil • 2 ♀ (one with parts in micropreparations); same data as holotype; LES 28009 .

ETYMOLOGY. — The new species name refers to the people who work in the “garimpo”. In Brazil, the term garimpo means the place where gold or diamonds are extracted in alluvial lands or breaking gravel, and the people working there are popularly called “garimpeiros”.

DESCRIPTION

Maximum body length: ♂ 7.5 mm, ♀ 7 mm. Color brown with typical muscle spot insertions. Body in lateral view as in Figure 38A . Dorsal surface smooth with semicircular scale-setae ( Fig. 38B ). One line of small noduli laterales per side, inserted near posterior margins. Cephalon ( Fig. 38 C-G) with rectangular frontal shield, slight bent backwards and slightly protruding above vertex, suprantennal line absent; eyes with 11 ommatidia. Pereonite 1 epimera with rounded lateral margin, anterior corner directed frontwards, schisma on posterior corners, inner and outer lobes of schisma rounded, ventral lobe shorter than dorsal lobe, lateral margin grooved about half of its length; pereonite 2 epimera with ventral lobe obliquely directed outwards, not surpassing outer margin; pereonite 3-7 epimera subquadrangular ( Fig. 38A, D , H-K). Pleonite 3-5 epimera subrectangular, well developed; telson hourglass-shaped, proximal part slightly wider than distal one, distal margin straight ( Fig. 38L, M ). Antennula ( Fig. 38N ) of three articles, proximal and distal articles subequal in length, distal article bearing about eight aesthetascs at apex. Antenna ( Fig. 38O ) short and stout, distal article of peduncle longer than flagellum; flagellum of two articles, distal article three times as long as proximal one, bearing two lateral aesthetascs; apical organ short bearing two sensilla. Mandibles with molar penicil semidichotomized, left mandible ( Fig. 39A ) with 2+1 penicils, and right mandible ( Fig. 39B ) with 1+1 penicils. Maxillula ( Fig. 39C ) inner endite with two penicils, distal margin rounded; outer endite of 4+6 teeth, all simple. Maxilla ( Fig. 39D ) inner lobe rounded covered with thick setae; outer lobe twice as wide as inner lobe, rounded and covered with thin setae. Maxilliped ( Fig. 39E ) basis subrectangular; proximal article of palp with two setae distinct in length; endite subquadrangular, medial seta surpassing distal margin, outer margin rounded, distal margin bearing two short triangular setae. Pereopod 1 carpus with transverse antennal grooming brush; dactylus with inner claw reaching median portion of outer claw, dactylar and ungual setae simple, not surpassing outer claw. Uropod ( Fig. 38L, M ) protopod subrectangular, flattened, inner margin concave, endopod inserted proximally, exopod short, inserted dorsally on slight protuberance. Pleopod exopods with monospiracular covered lungs.

Male

Pereopods ( Fig. 40A, B ) without particular modifications; pereopod 7 ischium with sternal margin straight. Genital papilla ( Fig. 40C ) with slender and triangular ventral shield, two subapical orifices. Pleopod 1 ( Fig. 40D ) exopod triangular, as wide as long, medial margin rounded, outer margin slightly concave, medial and outer margins bearing many short setae; endopod twice as long as exopod, distal portion slightly directed outwards and bearing short setae, subapically slightly inflated. Pleopod 2 ( Fig. 40E ) exopod triangular, outer margin distinctly concave bearing many setae; endopod flagelliform, longer than exopod. Pleopod 3-5 exopods as in Figure 40 F-H.

REMARKS

The new species is among the Neotropical representatives of Venezillo with a smooth dorsal surface, and is comparable with those having 10-13 ommatidia, namely V. colomboi ( Arcangeli, 1929) (12 ommatidia) and V. sanchezi ( Boone, 1934) (13 ommatidia) from Cuba, V. nevadensis ( Mulaik, 1960) (13 ommatidia) from Mexico, and V. zigzag ( Dollfus, 1896) (12 ommatidia) from Caribbean islands (see Van Name 1936; Mulaik 1960). Moreover, V. garimpeiro Campos-Filho, Borja-Arrieta & Bichuette , n. sp. differs in having the pereonite 1 epimera grooved for about half of their length (vs one quarter in V. colomboi and V. nevadensis , in all length in V. sanchezi and V. zigzag ), pereonite 1 epimera with ventral lobe of schisma not surpassing dorsal lobe (vs surpassing in V. nevadensis ), male pereopod 7 basis without distal sternal lobe covered with thin setae (vs present in V. colomboi ), and male pleopod 1 exopod as wide as long (vs twice as wide as long in V. colomboi ) (see Arcangeli 1929; Van Name 1936; Mulaik 1960).

This species is considered to be a troglophile due to the absence of troglomorphic characters. The locality where the specimens were collected is located in the high plateau ranges in the central-southern region of the state of Bahia, exhibiting a mosaic of Caatinga and Atlantic Forest domains ( Morrone et al. 2022).

Figures

FIG. 38. — Venezillo garimpeiro Campos-Filho, Borja-Arrieta & Bichuette, n. sp., female paratype, LES 28009: A, lateral habitus; B, scale-seta; C, cephalon and pereonites 1 and 2, lateral view;D, cephalon and pereonites 1 and 2, frontal view; E, cephalon and pereonite 1, back view; F, cephalon, dorsal view;G, cephalon, frontal view; H, pereonite 1 epimeron, dorsal view; I, pereonite 1 epimeron, ventral view; J, pereonite 2 epimeron, dorsal view; K, pereonite 2 epimeron, ventral view; L, pleon, telson, and uropods, dorsal view; M, pleonite 3-5 epimera, telson, and uropods, ventral view; N, antennula; O, antenna. Scale bar: A, 1 mm.

FIG. 39. — Venezillo garimpeiro Campos-Filho, Borja-Arrieta & Bichuette, n. sp., female paratype, LES 28009: A, left mandible; B, right mandible; C, maxillula; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped.

FIG. 40. — Venezillo garimpeiro Campos-Filho, Borja-Arrieta & Bichuette, n. sp., male holotype, LES 28008: A, pereopod 1; B, pereopod 7; C, genital papilla; D, pleopod 1 exopod; E, pleopod 2 exopod; F, pleopod 3 exopod; G, pleopod 4 exopod; H, pleopod 5 exopod.

FIG. 49. — Distribution map of Porcellionides pruinosus (Brandt, 1833). Abbreviations of states: BA, Bahia; MG, Minas Gerais.