Cylindera (Parmecus) mosuoa Matalin, 2019

Matalin, Andrey V., 2019, Taxonomic revision of Cylindera Westwood, 1831 subgenus Parmecus Motschulsky 1864 stat. rest., stat. nov. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) with the description of one new species from Yunnan Province, China, Zootaxa 4706 (1), pp. 48-70 : 48-70

Cylindera (Parmecus) mosuoa Matalin , sp. nov.

Figs 13, 17, 24–25, 32–33, 38–39, 50–51, 54, 59, 64, 69.

Type material. HOLOTYPE, ♂ — China, Yunnan, W Lugu Lake , 27 o 44’17’’N 100 o 37’06’’E, h ~ 2800 m, 26.05.2012, leg. I. Belousov, I. Kabak ( ZISP) ; PARATYPES: 2♂ 1♀ —same labeled as the holotype; 5♂ 1♀ — China, Yunnan, W Lugu Lake , 27 o 42’53’’N 100 o 34’54’’E, h ~ 3460 m, 27.05.2012, leg. I. Belousov, I. Kabak (2♂ 1♀ — ZISP, 3♂ 1♀ — MSPU, 1♂ —cIB, 1♂ —cIK) .

References. CHINA: Yunnan Prov. — 1♂, Lijiang env., 20–24.VI.2002, leg. E. Kuchera (cRJ) ( Jaskuła 2005, as Cylindera (s. str.) dromicoides ) .

Diagnosis. A medium-sized Cylindera species. Supraorbital area with one long seta on anterior and two on posterior margin; scape with a single long apical seta and 7–22 additional short stout setae; the 2 nd antennomere with three-six short white seta. Labrum pale, unidentate, transverse, with 8–13 long submarginal setae. Pronotum indistinctly or slightly longitudinal, convex, with sparse setose lateral sides not sharply converged to the base; mesepisternal coupling sulcus in females long and sinuate with oval pit in basal third; wings undeveloped. Elytra with central black velvety impunctate area with sub-humeral protrusion and widest at the suture oblique medial strip along the external margin; shoulders sloping and narrow; apical margins straight from outer apical angle to extreme end and flat truncated before suture; white maculations consisting of two short lateral white strips in the middle part and at the apex. 1 st– 3 rd abdominal sternites finely wrinkled laterally, 3 rd– 6 th with sparse soft white setae. Aedeagus slightly curved with short tapered pointed apex. Internal sac (in lateral view) situated at obtuse angle (ca 105 o) relative to aedeagus; sh-ar —relatively short, with acute apex, invisible in frontal view, ag —poorly sclerotized.

Description. TL = 10.4–11.7 (mean = 10.96) mm in males (Fig. 13), 11.8–12.0 (mean = 11.9) mm in females.

Head metallic bronze with light greenish tinge along anterior margin of clypeus and lower posterior margin of eyes, or deep bronze with intensive green luster on clypeus, frons and supraorbital area as well as with golden-copper tinge on lateral sides of clypeus and genae; supraorbital area with one long seta on anterior and two long setae on posterior margin on each side. Antennae not reaching backwards over 1/3 of the elytral disc. Antennae extend basal third of elytra; scape metallic bronze with cupric luster; besides a long apical seta with 7–22 (mean 12) additional short stout setae ( Figs 17 , 24–25 , 75). The 2 nd– 4 th antennomeres metallic bronze with bright golden-copper or cupric-green shine; the 2nd antennomere with three–six (mean = four) short white seta, the 3 rd antennomere with 6–14 (mean = 11), while the 4 th antennomere with four–ten (mean = seven) stout white setae except long thin apical ones.

Labrum unidentate in both sexes, with sharp long medial tooth ( Figs 24–25 ), transverse, LW/LL = 2.21–2.39 (mean 2.3) in males, and 2.13 in females ( Fig. 74 ), with 8–13 (mean 11) long submarginal setae. Maxillary palpi light brown except dark brown apical joint; labial palpi yellowish except dark brown apical joint.

Pronotum metallic bronze with bright copper, copper-green or pure green reflections; indistinctly longitudinal, PL/PW = 1.05 in females, slightly longitudinal, 1.09–1.15 (mean = 1.11) in males ( Figs 73–74 ), with sparse appressed setose lateral sides not sharply converged to the base; pronotal disc distinctly convex, wrinkled in the centre with deep impressions over posterior angles and in the base of well-developed midline, anterior and posterior transverse grooves deep ( Figs 32–33 ). Thoracic segments deep bronze, with light copper or golden-copper lustre, pro- and mesothorax glabrous, shallowly wrinkled near the coxae; mesepisternum of females smooth and hairless with longitudinal sinuate coupling sulcus with oval pit in basal third; metathorax sparsely haired by soft white setae; wings undeveloped. Anterior margin of fore coxae, anterior and posterior margins of middle coxae as well as posterior margin of hind coxae with short white setae. Legs, except dark brown trochanters, metallic bronze with green or golden-cooper reflections depending on light angle, fore and middle femora with sparse white setae through, hind femora with short sparse white setae only along anterior and posterior margins; fore and middle trochanters with a single subapical seta; three basal tarsomeres of forelegs in males large and broad.

Elytra elliptical, broadly dilated in apical third, EL/EW = 1.61–1.74 (mean = 1.67) in males, and 1.59–1.60 (mean = 1.59) in females ( Fig. 73 ); shoulders sharply sloping, EW/EHW = 1.70–1.77 (mean = 1.73) in males, and 1.64–1.67 (mean = 1.66) in females; scutellum bronze with golden-copper or copper-green reflection; elytral disc bronze with bright metallic copper, copper-green or green-blue reflection; external side of velvety black impunctate area with two protuberances like very short basal portion of humeral lunula and wide oblique apical portion of middle band; suture bright copper, copper-bronze or deep purple-lilac, with purple or cooper-purple inner area; epipleura metallic bronze; apical margins straight from outer apical angle to extreme end and flat broadly truncated before suture; sutural spine undeveloped; white elytral maculations consisting of two short sublateral white strips in the middle part and at the apex ( Figs 38–39 ).

Abdominal sternites black, 1 st– 2 nd with bronze or copper-blue tinge laterally, 3 rd– 5 th with blue-violet tinge laterally and golden-copper luster in the centre, 6 th with brown anterior margin; 1 st– 3 rd sternites finely wrinkled on lateral sides, 3 rd– 6 th ones with sparse soft white setae.

AL = 3.2–3.8 (mean = 3.5) mm, with short tapered pointed apex ( Figs 50–51 ). Internal sac (in lateral view) situate at obtuse angle (ca 105 o) relative to aedeagus ( Figs 54 , 64 ), VA—clearly prominent, VLL—medium-sized, BLL and BLR—very small, the angle between B and tube of the internal sac acute, ca 30 o, f —short and broad with clearly tapering apex, sh —large, sh-ar —relatively short, with acute apex, invisible in frontal view, ag —poorly sclerotized ( Figs 54 , 59 , 64 , 69 ).

Ecology. Cylindera (Parmecus) mosuoa sp. nov. was collected in extremely high-mountain landscapes, ca. 2800–3460 m above sea level in the habitats with the sparse grass.

Etymology. This new species is named for the ethnic group of Mosuo people living around Lugu Lake.

Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan Province (western of Lugu Lake).

Notes. Jaskuła (2005) listed a male of C. dromicoides from environs of Lijiang (Yunnan Province, China). Subsequently this record was accepted by all other authors ( Shook & Wu 2007; Wu & Shook, 2007, 2010; Wu 2011; Puchkov & Matalin 2017). Unfortunately, I could not reexamine this specimen. Nevertheless, I think this is a misidentification, and actually it is more likely that this specimen belongs to C. mosuoa sp. nov. Superfically the similar white elytral patterns likely are the main cause of this misidentification. Moreover, such a sizeable disjunction in the geographical distribution for C. dromicoides appears very improbable, such that this species more than likely does not exist in China.

Comparison notes. By the habitus (Figs 12–13) and body proportions ( Figs 73–74 ) C. (P.) mosuoa sp. nov. is more related to C. (P.) armandi but well recognized by the largest size ( Fig. 72 ); narrower labrum, 2.13 times as wide as long in females, and 2.21–2.39 times as wide as long in males in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. 2.21–2.58 times in females and 2.5–2.9 times in males in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 22–25 , 74); wider elytra in males, 1.61–1.74 times as long as wide in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. 1.71–1.84 times in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 36, 38 , 73 ); more pubescent scape with 7–22 (mean = 12) additional short stout setae except apical ones in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. 4–10 (mean = 7) additional short stout setae in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 22–25 , 75); white elytral pattern presented by two short sublateral white strips in the middle part and at the apex in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. narrow long white sublateral band extending from the middle part to the apex in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 36–39 ); external side of velvety black impunctate area with two protuberances like very short basal portion of humeral lunula and wide oblique apical portion of middle band in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. two protuberances like short basal portion of humeral lunula and narrow long oblique apical portion of middle band in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 36–39 ); apical margins of elytra straight from outer apical angle to extreme end and flat broadly truncated before suture in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. narrowly rounded in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 36–39 ); longer and most thin apex of aedeagus in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. shorter and less thin in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 49–51 ); internal sac (in lateral view) situated at obtuse angle (ca 105 o) relative to aedeagus in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. right angle (ca 90 o) in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 53–54 , 63–64 ); relatively short sh-ar invisible in frontal view in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. relatively long distinctly visible in frontal view in C. (P.) armandi and poorly sclerotized ag in C. (P.) mosuoa sp.n. vs. well sclerotized in C. (P.) armandi ( Figs 53– 54, 5 8 –59 , 63–64 , 68–69 ).

Figures

FIGURES 14–17. Head of males (top view) of Cylindera spp.: 14—C. (Cylindera) delavayi; 15—C. (Parmecus) dromicoides; 16—C. (P.) armandi; 17—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n., paratype.

FIGURES. 18–25. Labrum and mandibles of Cylindera spp.: 18–19—C. (Cylindera) delavayi; 20–21—C. (Parmecus) dromicoides; 22–23—C. (P.) armandi; 24–25—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n.; 18, 20, 22, 24—males; 19, 21, 23, 25—females; 24—holotype; 25—paratype.

FIGURES 72–75. Morphometric features of Cylindera (Parmecus) spp.: 72—correlation of elytra length and width; 73—relation of the proportions of pronotum and elytra; 74—relation of the proportions of pronotum and labrum (rhombes—C. (P.) dromicoides; quadrates—C. (P.) armandi; circles—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. nov.; open symbols—females, solid symbols—males); 75—the variation in number of scape setae: A—C. (P.) armandi, B—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n. (n—number of observations; small quadrate—mean; large rectangle—mean ± SD; whiskers—range min-max excluding the outlier values; significantly different means are marked with different lower case letters—according to Mann-Whitney U-test, p <0.05: U = 30.5, z = 4.94, p = 0.00).

FIGURES 26–33. Pronotum of Cylindera spp.: 26–27—C. (Cylindera) delavayi; 28–29—C. (Parmecus) dromicoides; 30– 31—C. (P.) armandi; 32–33—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n.; 26, 28–33—males; 27—female; 32—holotype; 33—paratype.

FIGURES 34–39. Right elytron of Cylindera (Parmecus) spp.: 34–35—C. (P.) dromicoides; 36–37—C. (P.) armandi; 38–39— C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n.; 34, 36, 38—males; 35, 37, 39—females; 38—holotype; 39—paratype.

FIGURES 46–51. Aedeagus, left view of Cylindera spp.: 46—C. (Cylindera) germanica; 47—C. (C.) delavayi; 48—C. (Parmecus) dromicoides; 49—C. (P.) armandi; 50–51—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n.; 50—holotype, 51—paratype.

FIGURES 52–56. Internal sac, left view of Cylindera spp.: 52—C. (Parmecus) dromicoides; 53—C. (P.) armandi; 54—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n., paratype; 55—C. (Cylindera) delavayi; 56—C. (C.) germanica. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.

FIGURES 62–66. Internal sac, right view of Cylindera spp.: 62—C. (Parmecus) dromicoides; 63—C. (P.) armandi; 64—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n., paratype; 65—C. (Cylindera) delavayi; 66—C. (C.) germanica. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.

FIGURES 57–61. Internal sac, frontal view of Cylindera spp.: 57—C. (Parmecus) dromicoides; 58—C. (P.) armandi; 59—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n., paratype; 60—C. (Cylindera) delavayi; 61—C. (C.) germanica. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.

FIGURES 67–71. Internal sac, ventral view of Cylindera spp.: 67—C. (Parmecus) dromicoides; 68—C. (P.) armandi; 69—C. (P.) mosuoa sp. n., paratype; 70—C. (Cylindera) delavayi; 71—C. (C.) germanica. The abbreviations of humps and sclerites see in the text.