Anaphes (Anaphes) nipponicus Kuwayama, 1932

Triapitsyn, S. V., 2021, Review of the genus Anaphes Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in Russia, part 1: subgenus Anaphes s. str., Far Eastern Entomologist 432, pp. 1-48 : 33-36

Anaphes (Anaphes) nipponicus Kuwayama, 1932

Figs 70–76

Anaphes nipponicus Kuwayama, 1932: 93 .

Anaphes nipponicus Kuwayama : Togashi, 1974: 12 (host egg parasitism); Huber, 1992: 75

(list); Storozheva, 1989: 14–16 (host in the Russian Far East); Storozheva, 1990a: 113

(host); Storozheva, 1990b: 29 (parasitism, biology); Triapitsyn & Proshchalykin, 2012:

207 (list), Samková et al., 2017: 690–697 (taxonomic history, type information,

redescription, comparison with A. flavipes , distribution, host association); Triapitsyn &

Tselikh, 2019: 194 (list).

Anaphes (Anaphes) nipponicus Kuwayama : Huber & Thuróczy, 2018: 27 (list, type information).

MATERIAL EXAMINED. Russia: Primorskii krai, Spasskiy rayon, Novosel’skoye,

sovkhoz Novosel’skiy, 2.VII 1986 (Buryi), from eggs of Oulema oryzae (Kuwayama, 1931)

on rice [1 badly shriveled ♀ ( Fig. 73 ) + 2 incomplete specimens of undetermined sex +

parasitized eggs of the host ( Figs 70, 71 ), IBPV], examined virtually (M.Yu. Proshchalykin,

krai, Russia). 70) Parasitized eggs of the host, Oulema oryzae , in rice leaf, 71) wings of unknown sex, 72) labels, 73) habitus of female in lateral view, 74) labels.

personal communication); the original labels (in Russian, Figs 72, 74 ) also include the initial misidentification as “ Anaphes flavipes ” (determined by N.A. Storozheva).

EXTRALIMITAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. Japan: Honshu Island: Ishikawa Prefecture, Wajima , VII 1973, from eggs of Oulema oryzae on rice (I. Togashi) [5 ♀, 3 ♂, ELKU]

(determined by T. Tachikawa in 1976). Kanagawa Prefecture, Yokohama , 10.VIII 1920 (C.

P. Clausen) [1 ♀, UCRC]. Republic of Korea: Kyungki-do, Kwangiu, Dochek, Taehwasan,

5.VIII 1998 (J.-B. Leon, S.-H. Lee) [1 ♀, UCRC] .

DIAGNOSIS. FEMALE. Diagnosed, redescribed and illustrated in detail by Samková et al. (2017) except for the clava and the wings. Here I provide illustrations of the antenna ( Fig.

75) and fore wing ( Fig. 76 ) to facilitate its recognition while using the key. In the reared specimens from Wajima, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, antenna ( Fig. 75 ) with F2 very short and the combined length of F1 and F2 usually slightly shorter than F3 or at most about as long as F3, clava 3.1–3.9× as long as wide, a little shorter (about 0.9×) than the combined length of F5 and F6, with 6 mps; fore wing ( Fig. 76 ) 0.63 mm long, 6.4× as long as wide,

longest marginal seta 1.3× maximum wing width, marginal space separated from medial space by 1 complete line of setae; hind wing about 19× as long as wide, longest marginal seta 3.3×

maximum wing width, disc with 1 irregular, short row of a few setae apically; metatarsomere

1 at most about as long as metatarsomere 2.

MALE. Known (Kuwayama, 1932) and redescribed by Samková et al. (2017).

DISTRIBUTION. Russia; China (Fujian, Taiwan), Japan (Bai, 2007; Samková et al.,

2017), and Republic of Korea *.

HOST. Chrysomelidae : Oulema oryzae (Kuwayama, 1931) . Under quarantine laboratory conditions in Washington State, USA, Anaphes nipponicus readily attacked, oviposited and successfully completed two generations on eggs of the fictitious host, O. melanopus (Miller

& Roberts, 2009).

REMARKS. I personally looked for the missing syntypes of A. nipponicus in the collection of Insect Museum, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba,

Ibaraki, Japan ( ITLJ), to where S. Kuwayama’s collection had been moved (Samková et al.,

2017), during a brief visit in November 2019, but could not locate any. The examined specimens from Wajima City, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan are vouchers of the study by Togashi

(1974).

Anaphes (Anaphes) nipponicus of Fujian, China origin was evaluated in quarantine in

Washington State as a potential neoclassical biological control agent against the cereal leaf beetle O. melanopus ; it was concluded that it was not well adapted to the Pacific Northwest of the USA and thus not suitable for introduction and release against this invasive pest

(Miller & Roberts, 2009; Roberts, 2016).

Morphological separation of A. (Anaphes) nipponicus from A. (Anaphes) flavipes , as given by Samková et al. (2017), is not clearcut; their diagnosis of the former nominal species was not based on a sufficient number of complete female specimens. Their genetic comparison is thus highly warranted.

Figures

Figs 70–74. Anaphes (Anaphes) nipponicus (Novosel’skoye, Spasskiy rayon, Primorskii

Figs 75, 76. Anaphes (Anaphes) nipponicus, female (Wajima, Ishikawa Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan). 75) Head and antenna, 76) fore wing.