Pterinopelma vitiosum ( Keyserling 1891 )

Bertani, Rogério, Nagahama, Roberto Hiroaki & Fukushima, Caroline Sayuri, 2011, Revalidation of Pterinopelma Pocock 1901 with description of a new species and the female of Pterinopelma vitiosum (Keyserling 1891) (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae), Zootaxa 2814, pp. 1-18 : 5-8

Pterinopelma vitiosum ( Keyserling 1891) comb. rev.

( Figs 1 –6, 19; Table 2 )

Eurypelma vitiosum Keyserling 1891: 21 , pl. 1, f.5 (holotype male from Brazil, Taquara, in BMNH, examined); Simon 1903: 937; Petrunkevitch 1911: 65, 776; Roewer 1942: 242, 1954: 1508.

Eurypelma mollicomum: Simon 1892: 167 nec Ausserer, 1875.

Pterinopelma vitiosum: Pocock 1901: 551, 1903: 108 ; Mello-Leitão 1923: 190, 1943: 153; Petrunkevitch 1928: 80, 1939: 261; Bonnet 1955: 1831; Capocasale 1980: 5.

Eupalaestrus vitiosum: Pérez-Miles 1992: 34 ; Platnick, 2010. First considered as nomen dubium by Pérez-Miles 1992: 34.

Diagnosis. Males differ from those of P. sazimai by the better developed palpal bulb keels ( Fig 1 –3) and the metatarsus I touching the retrolateral side of the retrolateral tibial apophysis when folded. Females differ from those of P. sazimai by the absence of type III urticating hairs, the sternum being as long as wide (Fig. 5, Table 1 ) and the absence of a blue iridescence on the setae covering the body.

Material examined. Holotype, 1 male from Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Taquara [S29°38' W50°47'], Dr. v. Ihering leg., ( BMNH 1890.7.1.390).

Additional material examined. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul: Canela [S29°21' W50°48'], MCTP 1520, 1 male, J.W. Thomé, 1991; Caxias do Sul [S29°10' W51°10'], 1 female, MCN 22102, F. Becker, 18 December 1991; Encantado [S29°14' W51°52'], 1 male, MCN 22145, L. Dacroce, 17 April 1992; Itaúba, Arroio do Tigre [S29°19' W53°04'], 1 male, MCN 7963, H. Bischoff, 19 April 1978; MCN 7943, 1 male, M.H. Galileo, 18 April 1978; MCN 17732, MCN 17731, 2 females, A.A. Lise, 11 April 1978.

Redescription. Male MCN 7963. Carapace 10.55 long, 10.15 wide, chelicerae 4.46. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 10.72, 5.31, 8.13, 7.42, 4.85, 36.43. II: 9.82, 4.94, 7.38, 6.90, 4.49, 33.53. III: 8.17, 4.03, 5.98, 7.32, 4.93, 30.13. IV: 10.08, 4.42, 8.64, 10.69, 5.25, 39.08. Palp: 6.54, 3.61, 5.53, –, 2.29, 17.97. Midwidths: femora I–IV=2.11, 2.09, 2.30, 1.85, palp=1.3; patellae I–IV=2.09,1.80, 1.87, 1.72, palp=1.91; tibiae I– IV=1.7, 1.68, 1.50, 1.57, palp=2.03; metatarsi I–IV=1.26, 1.10, 1.30, 1.20 tarsi I–IV=1.14, 0.90, 1.05, 1.24, palp=1.28. Abdomen 12.60 long, 7.42 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 1.53 long, 0.41 wide, 0.60 apart; PLS, 2.13 basal, 1.54 middle, 1.88 distal; midwidths 0.93, 0.70, 0.51, respectively.

Carapace: length to width 1.04; cephalic area moderately raised, thoracic striae shallow. Fovea: shallow, straight, 1.52 wide. Carapace covered with short, slender, dense setae and bordered with stiff setae pointing out.

Eyes and eye tubercle: tubercle 0.38 high, length 1.20, width 1.59. Clypeus 0.05 wide. Anterior row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.29, ALE 0.36, PME 0.16, PLE 0.31, AME–AME 0.27, AME–ALE 0.14, AME–PME 0.15, ALE–ALE 1.00, ALE–PME 0.21, PME–PME 0.78, PME–PLE 0.03, PLE–PLE 1,0 7, ALE–PLE 0.08, AME–PLE 0.30. Ratio of eye group width to length 1.97.

Maxillae: length to width: 1.59. Cuspules: 100─150 spread over ventral inner heel. Lyra absent. Labium: length 2.02, width 2.11, with ca. 100 cuspules spaced by less than one diameter from each other on anterior third center. Labio-sternal groove shallow, flat, without visible sigilla.

Chelicerae: rastellum absent, basal segments with 10 and 9 teeth on right and left side, respectively, both with series of basal denticles.

Sternum (Fig. 5): length 5.00, width 5.11. Porterior angle rounded, not separating coxae IV. Sigilla: not visible. Legs: legs formulla: IV I II III. Clavate trichobothria: on distal 2/3 of tarsi I–IV. Leg coxae: with sparse soft setae; stridulatory or modified setae lacking.

Scopula: Tarsi I–III fully scopulate. Tarsus IV divided by row of setae. Metatarsi I─ II 2 /3 scopulate; III 1 /2, IV ascopulate. Spines: palp: femur 0, patella 0, tibia p0-1-5(3ap); leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia p1-0-0; leg II: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v1-1 -3ap, p0-1-0; metatarsus v1-1 -3ap, p0-1-0 leg III: femur 0, patella 0, tibia p1-1-1, r1-1- 0, metatarsus p0-1-0, r0-0-1, leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v1-2 -3(2ap), p0-1-0, r1-1-0, metatarsus d0-0-1a, v2-3 - 4(3ap), p1-2-1, r1-2-2ap. Claws: ITC entirely absent; STC with small teeth.

Urticating hairs: Type I with region "A" longer than region "B" on abdomen dorsum.

Palp ( Figs 1 –3): palpal bulb pyriform, embolus long, slightly flattened laterally at distal region. Prolateral keels present. PS forming embolus edge distally. PI long, with series of unequal denticles on its basal and central areas. A present, short. R present, rounded. SA present, but inconspicuous.

Tibial apophysis (Fig. 4) with two branches originating from common base, retrolateral longest, and with slight distal curvature; prolateral straight.

Metatarsus I slightly curved, when folded touches retrolateral tibial apophysis branch laterally.

Color pattern: Carapace dark brown with light brown hairs on its border. Coxae, labium, sternum and maxila dark brown. Legs dark brown with light brown long setae. Leg rings and stripes inconspicuous. Abdomen dorsally black with light brown long setae, ventrally black.

SD 0.033

Description. Female. MCN 17732. Carapace 11.01 long, 10.16 wide, chelicerae 4.32. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 9.04, 5.41, 6.56, 4.86, 3.90, 29.77. II: 7.75, 4.73, 5.53, 4.90, 3.78, 26.69. III: 6.92, 4.04, 4.77, 4.59, 3.47, 23.79. IV: 8.85, 4.46, 6.89, 7.60, 3.84, 31.64. Palp: 6.95, 3.90, 4.81, –, 4.25, 19.91. Midwidths: femora I–IV=1.67, 1.47, 1.56, 1.05, palp=1.32; patellae I–IV=2.0, 1.92, 1.75, 1.64, palp=1.81; tibiae I– IV=1.76, 1.64, 1.48, 1.44, palp=1.60; metatarsi I–IV=1.65, 1.48, 1.25, 1.08; tarsi I–IV=1.60, 1.41, 1.17,1.28, palp=1.55. Abdomen 12.62 long, 9.98 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 2.21 long, 0.80 wide, 0.8 apart; PLS, 2.44 basal, 1.45 middle, 1.89 distal; midwidths 1.07, 0.82, 0.58, respectively.

As in male, except:

Carapace: length to width 1.08; cephalic area raised, thoracic striae deep. Fovea: shallow, straight, 1.85 wide. Carapace with soft long setae pointing out.

Eyes and eye tubercle: tubercle 0.38 high, length 1.35, width 2.01. Clypeus absent. Sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.25, ALE 0.52, PME 0.18, PLE 0.29, AME–AME 0.28, AME–ALE 0.26, AME–PME 0.19, ALE–ALE 0.98, ALE–PME 0.65, PME–PME 0.93, PME–PLE 0.40, PLE–PLE 1.23, ALE–PLE 0.17, AME–PLE 0.46. Ratio of eye group width to length 1.85.

Maxillae: length to width: 1.39. Cuspules: 100─200 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: length 1.83, width 2.62. Sternum: length 5.53 width 5.72.

Legs: Scopula: Tarsi I–III fully scopulate, IV divided by a row of 4-5 setae. Metatarsi I–II 4 /5 scopulate; III 1 / 2, IV 1 /4 distal scopulate. IV not divided by row of setae. Spines: palp: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v1-2 -2ap, p1- 2-2; leg I: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-0-1ap, metatarsus v0-0-1ap; leg II: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-1-0, p-1-1-1; metatarsus v1 -0-3ap, p0-1-0; leg III: femur r0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-1-2ap, p1-1-1, r1-1-1, metatarsus v1- 2 -3ap, p1-1-1, r0-1-2; leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v0-1-2ap, r0-0-2, metatarsus v2-4 -6(3ap), p0-0-1, r0-3-3.

Genitalia: Two short spermathecae separated by heavily sclerotized short area, spermathecal stalk narrower than spermathecal bulb (Fig. 6).

Color: Abdomen ventrally brown.

Distribution. Brazil, northern of the State of Rio Grande do Sul ( Fig. 19 ). In this region, the altitude ranges from a few meters to more than 800 meters a.s.l. The vegetation comprises Subcaducifolious Atlantic Forest with Araucaria angustifolia and patches of "campo" (IBGE 1977).

Figures

FIGURES 1 ─ 6. Pterinopelma vitiosum. (1 ─ 5) Male, MCN 7963, (1 ─ 3) left palpal bulb, (1) retrolateral, (2) prolateral), (3) ventral. (4) Left leg I tibial apophysis, ventral. (5) Sternum. (6) Female, MCN 17732, Spermathecae. A = apical keel, PI = prolateral inferior keel, PS = prolateral superior keel, R = retrolateral keel, SA = subapical keel. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 19. Map showing records of Pterinopelma vitiosum (triangles) and P. s a z i m a i sp. nov. (squares) in Brazil.

Tables

TABLE 2. Lengths and widths (in mm), median and standard deviation (SD) of carapace and sternum in Pterinopelma vitiosum specimens.

Individual MCN 17732 MCN 7963 MCN 22145	Sex Female Male Male	Sternum length Sternum width 5.53 5.72 5.00 5.11 6.85 6.62	Sternum length / width 0.97 0.98 1.03
MCN 22102 MCN 17731	Female Female	6.73 7.20 6.09 5.96	0.93 1.02
MCN 7943 MCP 1520	Male Male	5.35 5.50 6.38 6.58 Median	0.97 0.97 0.98