Syagrus × teixeiriana Glassman (1968c: 27)

Noblick, Larry R., 2017, A revision of the genus Syagrus (Arecaceae), Phytotaxa 294 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

75. Syagrus × teixeiriana Glassman (1968c: 27) . ( S. oleracea × S. romanzoffiana ). Type:— BRAZIL. São Paulo : 20 km N of Tupa [ca. –21.85, –50.71], Fazenda Vanuir, 5 July 1965, S.F. Glassman & J.C. Gomes 8007 (holotype F, erroneously cited 8008 in Glassman 1968c)

Figure 90 map.

Palm solitary. Stem ca. 4 m × 15 cm. Leaves 10–12, arranged spirally; sheathing leaf base ca. 53 cm long; pseudopetiole ca. 40 cm long, petiole ca. 6 cm long; rachis 210 cm long; leaflets slightly glaucous on both sides, lighter on the abaxial surface, ca. 149–150 along one side, in clusters of 3–5, inserted at various angles, giving the leaf a plumose appearance, basal leaflets not measured, middle leaflets 66 × 2.7 cm, apical leaflets not measured with long acuminate asymmetric tips. Inflorescence erect to pendulous, spirally branched; prophyll not measured; peduncular bract 100–120 cm long, expanded portion ca. 82 × 13 cm, beak not measured, narrow, woody, sulcate, length; peduncle ca. 50–70 cm long, elliptical in cross-section; inflorescence axis 56–81 cm long; rachis ca. 60 cm long; rachillae 38–86, 41–48 cm long at the base; staminate flowers 8–12 mm long at the apex, 15–17 × 2 mm at the base with acute tips, green to yellow, sepals not measured, glabrous, stamens 4.5–5 mm, anthers 4 mm long, filaments not measured, pistillode not measured; basal pistillate flowers pyramidal, 7.0–7.5 × 5–7 mm at the base, yellow, sepals not measured, petals not measured, glabrous, pistil not measured, glabrous, stigmas not measured, glabrous, staminodal ring not measured, 6-dentate. Fruit ovoid, ca. 3 × 2 cm with a very short beak, orange when mature, epicarp less than 0.5 mm thick, mesocarp thickness not measured, succulent and fibrous; endocarp ca. 2.5 × 1.5 cm, 4.0– 4.5 mm thick on its sides, to 7 mm thick at the ends, smooth on the inside but lightly irregular in shape; seed narrowly ellipsoid, ca. 1.3 × 0.6 cm, with an internal cavity, endosperm homogeneous.

Common name:— guarivá.

Etymology:— The specific epithet, teixeiriana , honors Dr. Alcides Teixeira, Director of the Instituto de Botanica, São Paulo , who greatly facilitated Dr. Sidney Glassman during his palm collecting research in Brazil.

Distribution and habitat:— This hybrid occurs where S. oleracea and S. romanzoffiana populations overlap. It has been seen in the Brazilian states of São Paulo and Goiás in sandy, clay soils of cerrado, and is apparently rare.

234 • Phytotaxa 294 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press

NOBLICK

Phenology:— This species has been seen flowering in July.

Uses:— Ornamental and could easily be used in landscaping, as are S. oleracea and S. romanzoffiana . The palm has been seen cultivated in a city park in Jataí, Goiás (H. Lorenzi, pers. comm.).

Notes:— This palm is the natural fertile hybrid between S. oleracea and S. romanzoffiana . Its leaflets are stiff like S. oleracea and not pendulous. Its fruit is intermediate in size between the two species (4–7 × 2.4–2.5 / 3 × 2.0 / 2–3 × 1.2–1.8 cm), but ellipsoid or ovoid like S. oleracea . The fruit is bright orange, it has a tuft of whitish hairs at its tip, and the endocarp cavity is irregular like S. romanzoffiana .

Representative specimens:— Known only from the type specimen.

Figures

FIGURE 90. Distribution map of Syagrus hybrids. S. × altopalacioensis, S. × andrequiceana, S. × campos-portoana, S. × cipoensis, S. comosa × elata, S. × costae, S. × lacerdamourae, S. × matafome, S. × mirandana, S. × serroana, S. × teixeiriana, and S. × tostana.