Syagrus × serroana Soares & Assis (2013b: 95)

Noblick, Larry R., 2017, A revision of the genus Syagrus (Arecaceae), Phytotaxa 294 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

74. Syagrus × serroana Soares & Assis (2013b: 95) . [ S. glaucescens × S. romanzoffiana ]

Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serro, próximo ao Rio do Peixe , –18.64, –43.41, 26 April 2012, K. Soares, L. Assis & A.G. Vieira 48 (holotype HDCF) .

Figure 90 map.

Solitary, moderately-sized palm. Stem columnar, ca. 4–7 m × 17–22 cm covered with leaf base remains on the younger part in vertically spirally rows, but less apparent than in S. glaucescens . Leaves 9–12 in the crown, more or less arched, 2.5–3 m long sheathing leaf base ca. 47–53 cm long; pseudopetiole 30 cm long; petiole 7–8 × 2.2– 2.5 cm; rachis 220–250 cm long; leaflets long-lanceolate, thin, leathery, slightly lighter on the abaxial surface, 115–120 along one side, in clusters of 3 or 4, inserted at various angles, giving the leaf a plumose appearance, ramenta scales or tomentum scare along the abaxial midvein; basal leaflets 50–55 × 1.7–1.8 cm, middle leaflets

A REVISION OF THE GENUS SYAGRUS

Phytotaxa 294 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press • 233 55–65 × 2.8–3 cm, apical leaflets 19–25 × 1.1–2 cm with an asymmetric tip. Inflorescence erect to pendulous, 80– 100 cm, spirally branched; prophyll 59 × 6 cm; peduncular bract 120–130 cm long, expanded portion 76–81 × 11.5–15 cm, including a 3 cm beak, narrow, woody, sulcate; peduncle ca. 45–50 × 2.0– 2.3 cm, elliptical in cross-section; inflorescence axis ca. 65–85 cm long; rachis 45–55 cm long; rachillae 60–70, 20–30 cm long at the apex, 35–50 cm long at the middle, 39–55 cm long at the base; staminate flowers 9–10 mm long at the apex, sepals less than 1 mm long, glabrous, petals 8–9 × 3 mm with acute tips, cream to yellow, stamens 4–5 mm long, anthers 3–4 mm long, filaments 1–2 mm long, pistillode 1.0– 1.5 mm long; basal pistillate flowers ovoid, 10–12 × 5–6 mm, yellow, sepals 10–12 × 6–10 mm, petals 8–10 × 6–9 mm, glabrous, pistil ovoid, 10–11 mm long, stigmas not measured, glabrous, staminodal ring not measured. Fruit ovoid, 4.2–4.5 × 2.5–3.2 cm, yellowish-green when mature, epicarp less than 0.5 mm thick, mesocarp thickness not measured, succulent and fibrous; endocarp 2.8–3.5 × 1–1.3 cm, fusiform; seed ellipsoid not measured, endosperm homogeneous.

Common name:— None recorded.

Etymology:— The epithet, serroana , refers to Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil; the first locality where this hybrid was found.

Distribution and habitat:— Known from the type locality and another on the road from Diamantina to Milho Verde, Brazil (–18.29, –43.55).

Phenology:— Unknown.

Uses:— None recorded.

Notes:— Natural hybrids between S. glaucescens and S. romanzoffiana are infrequent; only two individuals were found. This hybrid displays intermediate characteristics between S. glaucescens and S. romanzoffiana in the consistency of the leaflets and in the surface of the stem. There are intermediate differences in sizes between S. glaucescens , S. × serroana , and S. romanzoffiana in the inflorescence (16–30 / 65–85 / 81–167 cm), the stem length (0.5–4 / 4–7 / 7–18 m), and stem diameter (8–12 / 17–22 / 20–40 cm). It is easily identified among stands of the putative parent species.

Representative specimens:— Known only from the type specimen.

Figures

FIGURE 90. Distribution map of Syagrus hybrids. S. × altopalacioensis, S. × andrequiceana, S. × campos-portoana, S. × cipoensis, S. comosa × elata, S. × costae, S. × lacerdamourae, S. × matafome, S. × mirandana, S. × serroana, S. × teixeiriana, and S. × tostana.