Upeneus madras, Uiblein & Maclaine, 2021

Uiblein, Franz & Maclaine, James, 2021, Description of Upeneus madras (Mullidae), a new goatfish species from SE India (NE Indian Ocean), with establishment of the pori-species group and a review of barbel colour in Upeneus species, Cybium 45 (4), pp. 283-296 : 287-289

Upeneus madras n. sp.

Madras Goatfish

( Figs 1-4 , Tables I-III)

Upeneus guttatus ( Day, 1868) : Fresh-colour photograph of BPBM 20658: Randall and Kulbicki, 2006: fig. 3; Uiblein and Heemstra, 2011a: fig. 3D.

Upeneus guttatus , in part: Data of BPBM 40986 and/

or reference to barbel colour in fresh-colour photograph of BPBM 20658: Uiblein and Heemstra, 2010, 2011a; Uiblein and Lisher, 2013; Uiblein and Gledhill, 2014; Uiblein and White, 2015; Uiblein et al., 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020; Uiblein and Motomura, 2021; Psomadakis et al., 2019.

Material examined

Holotype ( Fig. 1A ). BPBM 40986, 111 mm SL, off Chennai (Madras), SE India, NE Indian Ocean, F / V “Meena Gaveshini”, depth 73 m (40 fathoms), otter trawl, 12 Feb. 1975, collectors J.E. Randall and K. R. Rao.

Paratype ( Fig. 2A ). BPBM 20658, 110 mm SL, Chennai, SE India, NE Indian Ocean, landed at beach by fisherman, 23 Feb. 1957, collector J. E. Randall.

Diagnosis

Dorsal fins VII + 9; pectoral fins 14; gill rakers 6-7 + 17 = 23-24; body oval and moderately elongate; measurements as %SL: body depth at first dorsal-fin origin 23-24; body depth at anal-fin origin 22; caudal-peduncle depth 11; caudal-peduncle width 3.8-3.9; maximum head depth 20;

head depth through eye 16; head length 30; snout length willwhite PT 12 17 21 20 4.5 20 17 14 3 3 13 4 6 17 23 29 12 length pelvic-fin; orbit 19; length length caudal-fin 19 6.4 -20 -6.5 length; pectoral-fin; upper-jaw 28-29; length anal-fin length 19- 12 height 20;; barbel pecto16 -; U. HT 11 16 20 19 4.3 20 17 14 3 3 12 3 6 15 21 30 ral-fin width 5.0-5.1; first dorsal-fin height 20; dorsal fin spines proportionally decreasing in height; second dorsal-

n 20 20 20 20 20 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 10 fin height 17; total oblique bars on caudal fin 13, upper caudal-fin lobe with 6 reddish-brown bars, the two most

Max 12 17 21 21 4.5 21 17 14 4 6 14 6 7 18 25 30 proximal bars slightly curved, the distal-most bar on lobe itoui tip; lower caudal-fin lobe with 7 short reddish-brown bars. U Mean 11.6 16.3 19.5 19.9 4.2 19.3 16.3 13.8 2.5 4.1 13.1 3.9 6.6 17.0 23.5 29.1 along reddish-brown ventral margin to red stripe which that connect covers dorsally most of to lobe a broad ends

Min 11 15 18 19 3.8 18 15 13 0 3 12 3 6 16 22 28

on red lobe stripes tip;; barbels dorsal white fins in; body fresh colour fish with in freshly four brownishdeceased fish greyish silvery, dorsally slightly darker, with a weak-

n 17 15 17 16 17 17 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 10 ly indicated reddish-brown mid-lateral body stripe from floros Max 12 18 21 22 5.1 20 18 15 4 6 14 5.0 7.0 18 25 30 ches caudal-lobe below eye stripe; paired; head and dorsally anal fins grey pale-whitish with reddish hyaline pat-;. U Mean 11.6 16.1 20.0 20.1 4.5 18.0 15.9 13.9 2.8 4.1 13.2 4.2 6.9 17.4 24.3 29.2 body dorsal and and head caudal uniformly fins lost pale and brown barbels, colour pale in patterns preserved on

snout

through

eye

to

caudal-fin

,

connecting

there

to

lower

Min 11 15 19 19 4.0 17 15 13 1 2 12 3.0 6.0 16 23 28

fish.

Description

n 11 11 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 8 Measurements in %SL and counts are given in table

II; morphometric data as ratios of SL for holotype, data dimipavlov Max Mean 12 11.5 16.9 18 22 20.9 20 19.1 4.8 4.6 21 19.9 16.8 18 15 14.2 4 2.9 6 3.7 14 13.1 3.9 5 7 6.6 17.0 18 25 23.6 29.1 30 for body dorsal-fin paratype oval origin and, if moderately deviating 4.1 [4.3],; provided body elongate depth; in body at square anal-fin depth brackets at origin first:. U 4.5 [4.6], larger than maximum head depth (5.1[5.0]),

Min 11 16 20 18 4.3 19 16 14 0 3 12 3 6 16 22 29 [pelvic-fin 5.2]); caudal-peduncle length (5.1 [5.2 depth]) and 9.4 [pectoral-fin 9.2], clearly length larger than (5.1. orbit length (15 [16]); caudal-peduncle width 26, about sp madras n. PT * 12 16 19 19 5.0 ** 20 17 - 14 14 4 3 - - 3 3 - 11 12 6 5 - 7 6 - 17 - 17 24 23 - 29 [half than snout 6.2] of pectoral-fin; length head interorbital length 8.3 [8.6 width 3.3 length],, subequal larger (20 (12.6); than head [to 12.9 maximum length depth] and through of much anal-fin body smaller eye depth base 6.3; Upeneus HT * 12 16 20 20 5.1 20 17 - 14 14 - 4 4 3 3- - 11 12 6 -5 - 7 7 17 - 17 24 - 24 29 29 - (dorsal-fin 8.5 [8.6]) height; barbel 5.0 length, larger 5.2 than; caudal-fin second dorsal-fin length 3.5 height; first

(5.9 [6.0]) and smaller than body depth at anal-fin origin;

limb limb limb limb dorsal-fin spines proportionally decreasing in height.

. base height characters on rakers upper upper on lower on on rakers lower limb upper lower limb line eye Fresh vertically Head level colour slightly and oriented (Fig body darker. 1 short A pale-greyish), with streaks tiny on silvery reddish-brown scales, dorsally or along spots above scale or –. Table II Continued anal-fin of Length Anal-fin height length Pelvic-fin Pectoral-fin length width Pectoral-fin First dorsal-fin height dorsal-fin Second Meristic Pectoral-fin rays Rudimentary gill rakers gill Developed gill rakers Developed Rudimentary gill gill rakers Total on on gill Total rakers gill Total rakers lateral along Scales in fin and this body edges colour placed from stripe stripe forming anterior behind, mostly a of few about a scattered eye reddish-brown in of pupil anterior and to caudal-fin immediately width pattern half behind dots; of from base body at behind eye tip a level; reddish-brown belly, of more nose of eye and pectoral reddish; below to veneye - tral part of caudal peduncle whitish; head below eye with reddish spots and patches, ventral margin of head whitish; iris of eye red except for pale-whitish ventral third; barbels white; caudal fin with oblique pale reddish-brown bars on both lobes; upper caudal-fin lobe with six bars, five bars of about pupil width or slightly narrower crossing entire lobe, the sixth bar covering lobe tip; the two most proximal bars on upper-caudal fin lobe curved; lower caudal-fin lobe with seven short bars, along ventral lobe margin, bars nearly as wide as long; the remaining three quarters of lobe almost entirely covered by a pale reddish-brown stripe formed mostly by pigmentation of fin rays with interspaces between rays being partly pale, the latter occurring especially in proximal dorsal area of lobe; lower caudal-fin lobe tip conspicu- ously red; stripe on this lobe connected to mid-lateral body stripe at caudal-fin base; dorsal fins pale whitish with four brownish-red stripes of about pupil diameter; first dorsal-fin tip unpigmented; anal and pelvic fins pale whitish, partly hyaline; pectoral fin hyaline.

Figures

Figure 1. – A-I: The nine species of the pori group: A: Upeneus madras n. sp., BPBM 20658, PT, 110 mm SL, Chennai, SE India (J.E. Randall); B: U. asymmetricus, CSIRO H 7517-02, 93 mm SL, Lombok, S Indonesia (W.T. White); C: U. australiae, CSIRO H 4056-01, 105 mm SL (A. Graham); D: U. dimipavlov, VNMN-I 2056, HT, 120 mm SL, N of Hon Tre Island, Nha Trang, S-central Vietnam (D.A. Pavlov); E: Upeneus elongatus, KAUM-I. 58746, HT, 89 mm SL, Tanega-shima Island, S Japan (H. Motomura); F: U. floros, SAIAB 204583, HT, 107 mm SL, Two Miles Reef, Sodwana Bay, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (C. Floros); G: U. itoui KAUM-I. 13595, PT, 118 mm SL, Kagoshima Prefecture, S Japan (H. Motomura); H: U. pori, SAIAB 209540 (wrongly referred to as SAIAB 192775 by Uiblein et al., 2020: fig. 6F, and Uiblein and Motomura, 2021: fig. 7E), 94 mm SL, off NE Madagascar (J. Escobar-Porras); I: U. willwhite, CSIRO H 7217-07, HT, 90 mm SL, Lombok, S Indonesia (W.T. White); J: the japonicus-group species U. guttatus, SAIAB 13947, 100 mm SL, off Kenya (P.C. Heemstra). Scale bars = 20 mm.

Figure 2. – A: Upeneus madras n. sp., BPBM 40986, HT, 111 mm SL, Chen- nai (Madras), E India (F. Uiblein); B, C: U. guttatus types, same local- ity as above; B: BMNH 1868.5.14.11, lectotype, 111 mm SL (F. Uiblein); C: BMNH 1975.9.30.19, paralecto- type, 105 mm SL (N. Martin). Scale bars = 20 mm.

Figure 3. – Relationship among five morphometric characters in Upeneus madras n. sp. and four other species of the pori group.

Figure 4. – Relationship among four morphometric characters in Upeneus madras n. sp. and U. guttatus from the NE Indian Ocean (NEIO) and all other areas of the Indo-Pacific, showing data for the newly designated lectotype (LT) and paralectotype (PLT).