Loneura meridionalis Garcia Aldrete, 2021

Cutrim, Marcelo, Neto, Alberto Moreira Da Silva, García Aldrete, Alfonso N. & Rafael, José Albertino, 2021, A new species of Loneura Navás and taxonomic update of L. boliviana Williner and L. meridionalis García Aldrete (Psocodea: Psocomorpha: Ptiloneuridae), Zootaxa 4969 (1), pp. 135-148 : 140-144

Loneura meridionalis Garcia Aldrete stat. rev.

( Figs 22–39 )

Loneura meridionalis Garcia Aldrete, 2003: 12 , Figs 1–9 ; Lima et al., 2019: 184 (taxonomy); Garcia Aldrete et al., 2020: 294 (taxonomy, phylogeny).

Diagnosis. Belonging in species group IB of García Aldrete et al. (2011). This species has a hyaline wing color pattern similar to L. willineri n. sp., related to L. tendalensis and remarkably similar to L. boliviana by the hypandrium arrangement but differing from it in having the phallosome with external parameres long and wide, in having an anterior pair of endophallic sclerites with convex base, besides having an anterior central projection without a group of spines.

Male. Color. Compound eyes ( Fig. 22 ) black, ocelli hyaline, with ochre centripetal crescents; head pattern. Scape brown, pedicel pale brown, f1–f3 pale yellow. Femora pale, almost hyaline with a thin brown belt at the proximal and distal ends; tibiae pale yellow with proximal and distal ends brown; tarsomeres 1 pale brown, tarsomeres 2–3 brown. Forewings ( Fig. 23 ) almost hyaline, veins brown, pterostigma with proximal and distal pale-yellow bands, a brown spot at R–Rs crossvein and at confluence CuP–1A. Hindwings hyaline, veins brown, a brown spot at wing base ( Fig. 24 ).

Morphology. Compound eyes without interommatidial setae ( Fig. 22 ). Outer cusp of lacinial tips broad, with seven denticles ( Fig. 25 ). Forewings without setae in the veins, pterostigma elongate, narrow basally, wider in the middle; areola postica tall, trapezoid, round apex and insertion of CuA1 at the wing margin before the first bifurcation of M; Rs long as well as its branches, almost straight, R 2+3 slightly convex medially, R 4+5 sinuous, with a tenuous convex curve; M stem slightly concave proximally, then almost straight, with six primary branches, M 6 forked, resulting in M 6a and M 6b ( Fig. 23 ); hindwing M with five primary branches ( Fig. 24 ) ( Figs 36–39 ; see also variations of the wing male and female specimens). Hypandrium of three sclerites, a central sclerite U-shaped, convex anteriorly, with two lateral posterior projections, rounded distally and curved outward; irregular side sclerites narrow distally, setae as illustrated ( Fig. 26 ). Phallosome with side struts basally not fused, V-shaped, not fused posteriorly to external parameres, these wide and long, bifurcated at base with apical anterior projection and rounded posterior projection, then a constricted area, widening distally, with another apical projection at the inner border, ending in a curved inward projection with a field of pores and arising from this another short curved inward projection; two pairs of endophallic sclerites ( Fig. 27 ); anterior pair U-shaped, with base convex, proximally with a curved inward projection with a narrow and slender end touching each other, sclerotized area at outer margin, then a sclerotized central area on both inner and outer margins, widening distally, a short inner apical projection and other outward long projection with a radular posterior margin and a lobed end; posterior pair elongate, irregular, proximally concave, with a wide, curved apical end scythe-shaped touching each other and distally turned outward, with long acuminated end ( Fig. 27 ). Epiproct trapezoidal, posteriorly straight, with three central large setae as illustrated ( Fig. 28 ). Paraprocts narrow at the base, slightly triangularly acuminated, with sensory fields with 36 trichobothria on basal rosettes, setae as illustrated ( Fig. 28 ).

Measurements. FW: 5352, HW: 3679, F: 1345, T: 2371, t1: 953, t2: 87, t3: 135, f1: 1102, f2: 1138, Mx4: 314, IO: 666, D: 373, d: 266, PO: 0.71.

Female. Color. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with ochre centripetal crescents; head pattern ( Fig. 29 ). Scape brown, pedicel pale brown, f1–f3 pale yellow. Femora pale, almost hyaline, with a pale brown belt at proximal and distal ends; tibiae pale brown with distal ends brown and a black spot at proximal ends; tarsomeres 1 pale brown, with distal ends brown, tarsomeres 2–3 brown. Forewings ( Fig. 30 ) almost hyaline, veins brown with setae, pterostigma with proximal and distal pale brown bands, a brown spot at R–Rs crossvein and at confluence CuP–1A. Hindwings hyaline, veins brown with a brown spot at wing base ( Fig. 31 ).

Morphology. Compound eyes without interommatidial setae ( Fig. 29 ). Outer cusp of lacinial tips broad, with six denticles ( Fig. 32 ). Forewing with pterostigma elongate, narrow basally, wider in the middle; areola postica tall, trapezoid, with apex rounded and insertion of CuA1 at the wing margin before the first bifurcation of M; Rs long as well as its branches, slightly concave basally, R 2+3 almost straight, R 4+5 sinuous with a convex curve; M stem slightly concave proximally, then almost straight, with six primary branches, M 1 and M 2 margin insertions near, M 6 forked, resulting in M 6a and M 6b, with a short bifurcation insertion ( Fig. 30 ); hindwing M with five primary branches ( Fig. 31 ) ( Figs 36–39 ; see also variations of the wing male and female specimens). Subgenital plate broad, subtriangular, concave basally, lateral margin straight, sides converging to a pointed apex, pigmented lateral areas, setae directed to inner and anterior areas as illustrated ( Fig. 33 ). Ninth sternum strongly sclerotized, mouth shaped, tightly concave anteriorly, two lateral elliptical areas, and a central convex sclerotized bulge posteriorly ( Fig. 34 ). Gonapophyses: v1 long, sclerotized, slightly wider in the middle and narrowing at the end, with acuminate apex; v 2+3 stout, with a large proximal end, wide at middle and narrowing at the end with five large setae on outer lobes, with a long acuminate apex ( Fig. 34 ). Epiproct wide-based, almost cylindric, rounded and with setae anteriorly as illustrated ( Fig. 35 ). Paraprocts subtrapezoidal, sensory fields with 35 trichobothria on basal rosettes, setae as illustrated ( Fig. 35 ).

Measurements. FW: 6019, HW: 3816, F: 1407, T: 2540, t1: 1020, t2: 98, t3: 162, f1: 1075, f2: 1168, Mx4: 366, IO: 681, D: 376, d: 258, PO: 0.68.

Fore & hindwing venation variation. Two specimens, one male and one female, collected at the type locality show the following variations: male right forewing M with five primary branches with M 5 forked, resulting in M 5a and M 5b ( Fig. 36 ); hindwing M with four primary branches, M 3 forked, resulting in M 3a and M 3b (fig. 37); female right forewing M with seven primary branches, with M 7 forked, resulting in M 7a and M 7b ( Fig. 38 ), right hindwing M with three primary branches with M 3 forked, resulting in M 3a and M 3b ( Fig. 39 ).

Material examined. 1 male ( MHNG). ARGENTINA. Salta Province. 22 km N. La Caldera, 550 m, El Ucumar 58, J. Peck. 2–30.XII.1987, Malaise. FIT [flight interception trap], Subtropical humid forest, 1m #, Loneura . meridionalis, A. N. García-Aldrete [det.]. 1 female ( MHNG). ARGENTINA, Jujuy Province. Calilegua Natural Park, 18–28.XII.1987, J. Peck, El Cortaderal, km 6, 800 m, Forest, Malaise, FIT [flight interception trap], 1f#, Loneura meridionalis, A. N. García Aldrete.

Figures

FIGURES 22–28. Loneura meridionalis. Male. 22. Front view of head. 23. Right forewing. 24. Left forewing. 25. Lacinial tip. 26. Hypandrium. 27. Phallosome. 28. Clunium, epiproct and paraprocts. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 29–35. Loneura meridionalis. Female. 29. Front view of head. 30. Right forewing. 31. Left hindwing. 32. Lacinial tip. 33. Subgenital plate. 34. Ninth sternum and gonapophyses. 35. Clunium, epiproct and right paraproct. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 36–39. Variation in venation of Loneura meridionalis specimens. 36. Right male forewing. 37. Right male hindwing. 38. Right female forewing. 39. Right female hindwing. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 1–7. Loneura willineri n. sp. Male. 1. Front view of head. 2. Right forewing. 3. Right hindwing. 4. Lacinial tip. 5. Hypandrium. 6. Phallosome. 7. Clunium, epiproct and right paraproct. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 8–14. Loneura willineri n. sp. Female. 8. Front view of head. 9. Right forewing. 10. Right hindwing. 11. Lacinial tip. 12. Subgenital plate. 13. Ninth sternum and gonapophyses. 14. Clunium, epiproct and right paraproct. Scales in mm.