Cryphodera Colbran, 1966

Ghaderi, Reza, 2019, An outline on distribution and hosts of the cystoid nematodes of Ataloderinae Wouts, 1973 and Meloidoderinae Golden, 1971, Zootaxa 4664 (3), pp. 339-350 : 341

Cryphodera Colbran, 1966

Seven valid species have been described for this genus. Two species have been recorded from East Asian countries ( Karssen & van Aelst 1999, Long et al. 2013, Zhou et al. 2014, Subbotin et al. 2017), at some point introduced to the USA and European countries with plant material ( Karssen & van Aelst,1999, Vovlas et al. 2013). One species has been described from India ( Bajaj et al. 1989), another from Australia ( Colbran 1966), and three species have been recorded from New Zealand ( Wouts 1973b). Several undetermined populations have been reported from Japan ( Hirata 1972, Toida et al. 1978, Toida 1984, Hirata & Yuhara 1986), Australia ( Wouts & Sher 1971), Vietnam ( Nguyen et al. 2011, Subbotin et al. 2017) and Malaysia ( Sturhan 2018).

Considering geographical distribution, Sturhan (2018) divided Cryphodera species into two groups: Group 1, comprised of three New Zealand species of the now-synonymised genus Zelandodera Wouts, 1973 , and Group 2, which includes four other species from Australia and Asia. Vovlas et al. (2013) discussed that trade in woody and pine bonsai trees has played an important role in the introduction of Cryphodera species into Europe and the USA ( Wouts 1985, Karssen & Van Aelst 1999, Vovlas et al. 2013) from Japan, where undescribed Cryphodera species on pine and black mulberry were reported by Hirata & Yuhara (1986) and Toida (1984), respectively.