Ceroplastes planus Wu & Wang, 2019

Wu, San-An & Wang, Xubo, 2019, A review species of the genus Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in China, Zootaxa 4701 (6), pp. 520-536 : 528-530

Ceroplastes planus Wu & Wang , sp. nov.

( Figs 9 and 13 )

Material studied. YUNNAN: Holotype ♀, Jinghong city, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, 101°25′ E, 21°41′ N, on leaves of Mesua ferrea (Guttiferae) , 21.x.2013, coll. Jun Deng & Xubo Wang. Paratypes: 9 ♀♀, same data as holotype. The holotype and 6 paratypes, all on one slide, are deposited in the Insect Collection in the Department of Forestry Protection, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China ( BFUC), and 3 paratypes, all on one slide, are deposited in the National Zoological Museum of China, Beijing, China ( NZMC) .

Appearance in life. Wax test of adult female round, cake-like, diameter 1.8–2.8mm, height 1.2–1.8mm. Wet wax circular in dorsal view, nearly flat in lateral view, without either dorsal horn, plates or nuclei, but with a large marginal flange. Dry wax with filaments as follows: cephalic filament appearing trifurcate; anterolateral and mediolateral filaments simple; posterolateral filaments bifurcate; caudal filaments simple. Dorsal dry wax of first- and second-instar nymphs forming a small cap, not surrounded by nucleus; dorsal dry wax tilted anteriorly. Dry wax filaments usually darkened by contamination with dust. Stigmatic wax bands present near both pairs of spiracles, anterior bands directed dorsally; filamentous wax confined to stigmatic areas.

Adult female. Body broadly oval, pale yellowish to tan, 1.2–1.4 mm long and 1.0–1.3 mm wide. Antennae each with 6 segments, 190–235μm; segment III longest, 70–85 μm long. Clypeolabral shield about 55–60 μm long. Spiracular peritremes each 38–55 μm wide. Legs developed, each without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw without a denticle; claw digitules both broad, each 23–33μm long; tarsal digitules slender, expanded at apex, obviously longer than claw digitules, each 43–55 μm long; dimensions of metathoracic leg (μm): coxa 68–85; tro- chanter + femur 115–150; tibia 65–85; tarsus 54–63, and claw 15–18; ratio of length of trochanter + femur to length of tibia + tarsus 1: 0.97–1.01, ratio of length of tibia to length of tarsus 1: 0.74–0.83.

Dorsum. Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process cone-like, pointing dorso-posteriorly, about 480–550 mm long; maximum width across flattened process 490–570 mm. Derm usually with 7 clear areas, 1 cephalic and usually 6 lateral (i.e., with posterior pair undivided), but with mediodorsal area absent; each clear area without simple pores or setae. Dorsal setae very short, each conical with apex blunt; seta length 4–5 μm; basal socket about 2 μm wide; present sparsely throughout. Dorsal pores of 2 types: (1) loculate microducts of complex type, each 5–6 μm widest, with 2–4 satellite loculi; oval trilocular pores predominate over other pore types, apparently randomly distributed and abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; triangular trilocular pores mainly distributed in mediodorsal region, and with some bilocular or quadrilocular pores present in mediodorsal region; (2) simple microducts (filamentous duct) distributed in submarginal areas. Preopercular pores numbering 5–17 in one or 2 rows. Anal plates each 98–125 μm long, combined widths about 70–86 μm, each plate with 3 long, stout dorsal setae, each 40–60 μm long, 1 short seta (10 –15μm long) near apex, and 1 short seta on inner margin. Anal tube longer than anal plates; anal ring with 6 setae.

Margin. Eyespots hemispherical, each 20–25 μm wide. Marginal setae all curved, each stoutly setose with a sharp apex, about 15–20 μm long (longest on margin near anal cleft); abundant, with about 25–30 setae anteriorly between eyespots and, on each side, 7–11 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic cleft, 8–19 between stigmatic clefts, and 44–50 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 3 or 4 thicker and longer setae, longest about 38–45 μm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with 5–14 lanceolate setae with pointed apices, each 10–13μm long and 6 –7 μm wide at base, usually in a marginal row extending some distance on either side of cleft, but some clefts also have a dorsal row of 1 or 2 setae.

Venter. Derm entirely membranous. Multilocular disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII), and on middle area of preceding segment. Spiracular quinquelocular pores in fairly narrow band of 25–38 pores (one pore wide in middle part); with none extending medially past peritreme. Ventral tubular ducts including inner ductule each about 22–33 μm long; inner ductule greatly swollen and short (about 8 μm long), with a small tufted glandular apex; cup-shaped invagination small, set to one side of inner ductule; ducts present in a distinct but interrupted submarginal band extending from just laterad of each scape posteriorly to about abdominal VI, absent from beneath caudal process. Cruciform pores present in a submarginal band between the body margin and the band of tubular ducts. One pair of prevulvar long setae present, each seta about 40–58 μm long. Two pairs of setae present between antennae: a pair of long setae each 35–53 μm long, and a pair of short setae each 12–18 μm long. Ventral setae sparse; submarginal setae less abundant than marginal setae and significantly smaller, each about 7–10 μm long.

Remarks. Ceroplastes planus Wu & Wang , sp. nov. belongs to the C. floridensis species-group because it has ventral tubular ducts, each with a very short, swollen inner ductule, forming a submarginal band; however, it can be easily distinguished from other species in this group by its distinctive, flat-topped cake-like wax test; multilocular pores confined to middle area of abdominal segments VI–VII; the filamentous dorsal ducts forming a submarginal band, and by having fewer stigmatic setae (only 5–14 per cleft), which usually are arranged in a single row.

Etymology. The specific name “ planus ”, a Latin adjective meaning “flat”, refers to the flattened wax test of this new species.

Figures

FIGURE 13. Morphology of adult female of Ceroplastes plantus Wu & Wang, sp. nov. Details: A: antenna; B: marginal seta; C: stigmatic setae; D: quinquelocular pore; E: cruciform pore; F: ventral seta; G: ventral tubular duct; H: hind leg; I: multilocular disc pore; J: dorsal seta; K: simple microduct; L: quadrilocular pore; M: triangular trilocular pore; N and O: oval trilocular pore; P: bilocular pore; Q: anal plate.

FIGURES 7–12. Live appearances. (7) C. magnificus (Green), on Artocarpus heterophyllus (Moraceae), Yunnan, Puer; (8) C. murrayi Fraggatt, on Artocarpus heterophyllus (Moraceae), Yunnan, Puer; (9) C. planus Wu & Wang, sp. nov., on Mesua ferrea (Guttiferae), Yunnan, Xishuangbanna; (10) C. pseudoceriferus Green, on Liquidambar formosana (Hamamelidaceae), Yunnan, Wenshan; (11) C. rubens Maskell, on Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae), Yunnan, Kunming; (12) C. rusci (Linnaeus), on Ficus microcarpa (Moraceae), Guangdong, Maoming.