Pygoluciola stylifer Wittmer

Lambkin, L. A. Ballantyne C., 2006, A Phylogenetic Reassessment Of The Rare S. E. Asian Firefly Genus Pygoluciola Wittmer (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae), Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 54 (1), pp. 21-48 : 33

Pygoluciola stylifer Wittmer

( Figs. 4, 10 – 12 , 20, 23 – 25 , 38-40 )

Pygoluciola stylifer Wittmer, 1939: 22 [Holotype male Borneo (RMNH). Labelled 1. hand written Pygoluciola stylifer Wittm. ; printed det. W. Wittmer. 2. orange typed ‘ Holotype’. 3. hand written ‘TYPUS’. 4. Printed ‘ H. C. Siebers / M. O. Borneo Exp. / 120 M. bij L. Petak / 1925 viii – ix. ’].

Luciola (Pygoluciola) stylifer – McDermott, 1966: 115; Ballantyne, 1968:119.

Diagnosis. – Most similar to P. hamulata , distinguished by the curved tibiae of all legs, and the emarginate apex of abdominal tergite 8.

Redescription of Holotype Male. – Elongate slender, three times as long as wide; elytra tapering towards their apices. 11.2 mm long. Pronotum light golden brown with no apparent darker markings on the dorsal surface except for very narrow dark brown markings along anterior margin to either side of mid line; fat body is retracted along anterior and posterior margins and these areas appear paler brown; MS, MN paler brown than pronotum; elytra light golden brown, slightly darker than the pronotum, and apical 1/6 a little darker than rest; elytral punctures dark brown; head and maxillary palpi very dark brown, labial palpi mid brown; antennae dark brown, left antenna (R is incomplete) with dorsal surface of FS 6 – 9 paler brown than preceding segments, and very pale whitish yellow beneath; ventral surface of pro and meso thorax light brown; legs 1 with coxae and femora light brown, tibiae darker brown, tarsi very dark brown; ventral surface of metathorax dark brown; legs 2 and 3 yellowish except for dark brown tibiae and tarsi 2, and tarsi 3; basal abdominal ventrites dark brown, V6 creamy yellow (light organ), V7 yellowish (light organ is torn from surface of V7); tergites 7 and 8 pale.

Pronotum ( Fig. 4 ) 3.1 mm wide; 1.8 mm long; width/length = 1.7; pronotum 1 / 5 as long as whole body length; lateral margins smoothly divergent along their length; median anterior margin rounded, not emarginate, projecting a little beyond anterolateral corners, which are narrowly rounded and obtuse, but do not project anteriorly; posterolateral corners rounded, acute (60 - 70°), not projecting beyond posterior margin; dorsal surface of pronotum mainly fairly smooth and flat except for slight depressions in median and anterolateral areas and narrowly across the posterior margin, and with irregular low elevations in posteromedian areas.

Elytra 9.4 mm long, apparently tapering toward their apices; left elytron lateral margin divergent in anterior 1 / 4, subparallel sided in next 1 / 4, and convergent in posterior 1 / 2; right elytron similar but more strongly convergent in posterior 1 / 2 (this may be a post-mortem effect).

Head gently depressed between eyes; GHW 1.9 mm; SIW 0.5 mm; GHW/SIW 3.8; ASD subequal to ASW; apical segments of both labial palpi with three elongate projections on their inner surface; antennae slightly longer than twice GHW; FS 1-5 subequal in length (about three times as long as wide and slightly shorter than scape); FS 6 – 9 more slender than preceding FS.

Legs with all tibiae curved.

Abdomen ( Figs. 20, 23 – 25 ) MPP of V7 expanded at its tip as described for P. guigliae ; tergite 8 narrowed before its apex which is expanded with posterior margin shallowly emarginate.

Aedeagus ( Figs. 10 – 12 ) with ML about half as long as LL; inner dorsal margins of LL strongly divergent in basal half, converging level with tip of ML and closely approximate until apical 1/6, where they diverge slightly.

Figures

Figure 38. (A). The strict consensus of the 2992 MPT for 49 taxa of the Luciolinae found with phylogenetic analysis of 115 characters, excluding 10 colour and mimicry characters. (B). The majority rule consensus of the 2992 MPT for the Luciolinae, showing above the branch the percentage of MPT retaining that node. 153 of the MPT were compatible with the majority rule consensus.

Figure 39. Semistrict consensus of 195 successively weighted trees. Percentage of successively weighted trees with this resolution shown above the branch. None of the MPT was compatible with the semistrict consensus successively weighted trees.

Figure 40. Preferred MPT from 153 filtered MPT compatible with the majority rule consensus of the 2992 MPT, Part 1, without Atyphella clade. Unambiguous character and state changes were mapped using MacClade. Colour and mimicry characters, not used in the phylogenetic analysis, are enclosed in boxes. Bremer support values shown above nodes.

Figs. 1-17. Features of male Pygoluciola. 1, 6, 13-17: P. guigliae; 2: ‘Mt Missim’ male; 3, 7: P. kinabalua holotype male; 4, 10-12: P. stylifer holotype male; 5, 8-9: P. wittmeri. 1-5: dorsal, male pronota (left side shows colour pattern, right side sculpturing; solid line indicates extent of irregular tubercles, dotted lines retraction of fat body): 6,7: dorsal, whole body; aedeagi (8; 10 ventral; 9, 12 dorsal; 11, left lateral); 13: maxillary palp, ventral surface; 14: labial palp, ventral surface; 15-17: aedeagal sheath, dorsal, ventral, and lateral. These figures share scale lines: 1-5; 6-7; 8-14; 15-17. Figure legend: A, anus; BP, basal piece; EO, ejaculatory orifice; LL, lateral lobe; ML, median lobe; TS, tergite aedeagal sheath; VS, ventrite aedeagal sheath.

Figs. 18-36. Features of female Pygoluciola: Figs. 18-27; Features of female Pygoluciola: Figs. 28-36. 18, 22, 26, 27-29, 31, 33, 36 (P. wittmeri); 19, 21, 27, 30, 32, 34, 35 (P. guigliae); 20, 23-25 (P. stylifer holotype male). 18, 19, 23, 28, 30, ventral terminal abdominal segments [29 stippled outline in V 7 = fat body, in 30 = lateral elevations of V7]; 20, 22, 29, dorsal, terminal abdominal segments; 21, vertical face of apex of MPP of ventrite 7, dorsal face uppermost; 24, posterior face apex of tergite 8; 25, 26, lateral terminal abdominal segments, ventrites uppermost [26 anus, stippled, protrudes through MPP of V7]; 27, dorsal face abdominal tergite 8; 31, 32, dorsal surface abdominal ventrite 7 [right side only; stippling = dorsally reflexed cuticle; in 32 dotted oval = position of elevation]; 33, 34, ventral face, abdominal ventrite 8; 35, 36, ventral female genitalia. These figures share scale lines: 18, 20, 22, 23, 28-30; 19, 25-27; 31-34; 35-36.