Cienfuegia cachoi, Armenteros & Vincx & Decraemer, 2009

Armenteros, Maickel, Vincx, Magda & Decraemer, Wilfrida, 2009, Cienfuegia gen. nov. (Xyalidae) and Pseudoterschellingia gen. nov. (Linhomoeidae), two new genera of free-living marine nematodes from the Caribbean Sea, Journal of Natural History 43 (17 - 18), pp. 1067-1081 : 1070-1076

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222930902767466
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87B5-AF7B-FF9D-FEEC-FA3F6FE7FE99
treatment provided by	Carolina
scientific name	Cienfuegia cachoi
status	gen. nov., sp. nov.

Treatment

Species Cienfuegia cachoi gen. nov., sp. nov.

( Figures 1 View Figure 1 and 2 View Figure 2 ; measurements in Table 2)

Material

One male holotype, 11 „, 8 ♀ and 5 juvenile paratype specimens. Holotype male, slide 412.D.3 deposited in the Department of Marine Collections , National Aquarium , Cuba ( ANC). Male paratypes: slides RIT 746 and RIT 747, and female paratypes: slide RIT 748; deposited in the nematode collection of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS).

Type locality

Cienfuegos Bay, Cuba; 22 ° 99 N, 80 ° 279 W.

Type habitat

Muddy bottom, depth 4–12 m.

Etymology

Species named in honour of Raúl Fernández-Garcés ‘‘Cacho’’, senior technician of the Environmental Studies Center of Cienfuegos, Cuba.

Description

Body fusiform and slender, cuticle with coarse, transverse striations approximately 1 Mm apart and without lateral differentiation. Six low lips may be retracted resulting in a different relative position of amphidial fovea and shape or anterior profile of head. Anterior sensilla arranged according to pattern 6+(6+4); inner labial sensilla not detectable under light microscope, six outer labial sensilla setiform but shorter than the four submedian cephalic setae; second and third circle of anterior sensilla at same level or very close. Cervical setae arranged in a circle of eight setae (5 Mm long) in the anterior neck region of males and females; other somatic setae absent in females apart from a row of 5–10 setae (3–5 Mm long) in ventral postanal region. Amphidial fovea rounded and flattened, shape influenced by the degree of retraction of anterior end. Buccal cavity narrow and conical with two chambers separated by a slight constriction. Pharynx muscular, surrounding the buccal cavity; anterior part often slightly swollen and posterior part also widened but without clear set-off bulb. Cardia narrow, enclosed by intestine and without pericardial cells. Three caudal glands, all located within tail and with common outlet and minute spinneret. Tail shape conico-cylindrical, the posterior cylindrical portion of variable length, tip rounded, without terminal setae. Continuous longitudinal bands of epidermic glands lateral, subventral (both sides) and dorsal; the grade of development depends on the specimen. The epidermal glands (where present) are clearly visible in the cardia and tail region, but not visible in the pharyngeal region.

Males monorchic, gonad left of the intestine. Spicules paired, curved, noncephalated. Gubernaculum with well-developed dorsocaudal apophyses. Large sperm cells with fibrillar appearance present, arranged in a single row. Sperm cells were not considered a diagnostic feature in the cladistic analysis of the family Xyalidae but might appear of taxonomic significance in the future. This feature is present also in other monhysterids (e.g. Terschellingia glabricutis ).

Females monodelphic, only anterior genital branch developed, at left of intestine and outstretched, vulva at mid-body (54%).

Diagnosis

Six outer labial setae shorter than four cephalic setae at the same level or very close, head profile can change in shape because of retraction/protrusion of labial region, pharynx without posterior set-off bulb, anterior part of the head–neck region with only a circle of eight cervical setae, spicules curved and shorter than 2 abd.

Remarks

Specimens show different degree of invagination of lip region and cheilostome, a feature also reported for Daptonema invagiferous Platt 1973 . The retraction of the anterior end causes relatively high variability in the distance from the amphidial fovea to the anterior end (e.g. often anterior border of fovea located at level of anterior border of body), and change in shape of fovea and of the anterior profile of the head (e.g. from rounded with six clear low lips to flattened and squarish). Some specimens were observed with filiform tail (more than half of the total tail length filiform) while in others most of the tail is conical [cylindrical portion (filiform) 20%]. Apart from differences in tail shape no other morphological differences were observed between these morphotypes which occurred sympatrically (i.e. in the same sampling station).

Superfamily SIPHONOLAIMOIDEA Filipjev 1918