Corinnomma severum ( Thorell, 1877 )

Zhang, Lu, Jin, Chi & Zhang, Feng, 2022, Two new species of Corinnomma Karsch, 1880 from Yunnan, China (Araneae Corinnidae, Castianeirinae), Zootaxa 5222 (3), pp. 240-256 : 244-247

Corinnomma severum ( Thorell, 1877) ‹ḆffiừNjff›

Figs 3– 4 , 9E–F , 10A–B

Corinna severa Thorell, 1877: 481 .

Corinnomma severum Karsch, 1880: 375 .

Corinnomma harmandi Simon, 1886: 158 .

Castianeira himalayensis Tikader, 1981: 265 , figs 14–16 (misidentified per Deeleman-Reinhold, 1993: 177) (for a complete list of references, see WSC 2022).

Corinnomma yulinguana Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong , in Barrion et al., 2013: 10, fig. 10A–D syn. nov.

Type material: Holotype ♁ from INDONESIA: Southeast Sulawesi, Kendari (03°59’S, 122°30’E; 3 m), 1874, leg. O. Beccari, not examined.

Material examined: CHINA: Yunnan Province: 1♁ 2 ♀ Mengla County, Mengxing Village , July 2000, leg. Mingsheng Zhu ( MHBU) ; 1♁ 1♀ Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, June 2003, leg. Guodong Ren ( MHBU) ; 9♁ 7♀ Xishuangbanna Original Forest Park (22°01′0.94″N, 100°51′09.47″E, 880m), 31 July 2021, leg. Lu Zhang ( MHBU) ; 3♁ 6♀ Mengla County, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences (21°55′46.59″N, 101°15′07.03″E, 555m), August 2021, leg. Lu Zhang ( MHBU) . Guizhou Province: 1♁ Yanhe County, Mayang River , 28 September 2007, leg. Jingmao Liu ( MHBU) ; 1♀ Jiangkou County, Fanjing Mountain Heiwan River (27°51.207´N, 108°45.871´E, 871m), 12 July 2012, leg. Dong Wang ( MHBU) ; 1♁ Yanhe County, Xinjing Village to Ruishi Village Majingzi cave (28°52.622´N – 28°51.565´N, 108°18.008´E –108°15.923´E, 515m – 334m), 20 April 2013, leg. Xuankong Jiang ( MHBU) ; 1♀ Huaxi District, National urban wetland park of Huaxi , 6 Jun. 2016, leg. Luyu Wang ( MHBU) . Hainan Province: 1♁ Ledong County, Jianfengling Nature Reserve , 14 December 2003, leg. Mingsheng Zhu ( MHBU) ; 1♀ 1♁ Qiongzhong County, Limu Mountain Quling Ancient Forest Garden , 18 August 2007, leg. Feng Zhang ( MHBU) ; 1♁ Fanjia Village, Sanya Conservation Station , 14 May 2009, leg. Guangxin Han ( MHBU) ; 1♀ Cangjiang County, Bawangling Town, Erhao Bridge , 21 May 2009, leg. Feng Zhang ( MHBU) ; 1♁ Baisha County, Fulong Township, Keren Village , 30 July 2009, leg. Feng Zhang ( MHBU) ; 1♀ Fanjia Village , 19 January 2015, leg. Chi Jin ( MHBU) . Hunan Province: 3♁ Fenghuang County, Qifeng Mountain (27.951746°N, 109.607901°E, 491m), 16 November 2018, leg. Zhaoyi Li ( MHBU) ; 1♁ 9♀ Sangzhi County, West Forest Farm (29.394481°N, 110.182593°E, 394m), 9 November 2018, leg. Zhaoyi Li ( MHBU) ; 2♁ 1♀ Shimen County, Hupingshan Town (29.934215°N, 110.785527°E, 242m), November 2020, leg. Yannan Mu ( MHBU) ; 2♀ Dao County, Qingtang Town, Xiaotang Village , Dajiangyuan (25.456973°N, 111.358216°E, 474m), 12 November 2020, leg. Yannan Mu ( MHBU) . Guangxi Province: 1♁ Chongzuo City, Ecological Park , 20 August 2004, leg. Mingsheng Zhu ( MHBU) ; 1♀ Wuming County, Nanshuang Village, Daming Mountain , 11 May 2006, leg. Mingsheng Zhu ( MHBU) ; 1♁ Ningming County, Aidian Town , 19 May 2006, leg. Mingsheng Zhu ( MHBU) . Guangdong Province: 1♁ Chao’an County, Shi’an , 21 July 2013, leg. Shuwen Xing ( MHBU) ; 1♀ Shixing County, Che Baling National Nature Reserve (24°42′18.67″– 24°43′22.42″N, 114°9′44.63″– 114°15′22.49″E, 509– 358m), 24 May 2021, leg. Yannan Mu ( MHBU) . Zhejiang Province: 2♀ Yin County, Tiantong Mountain , June 1990 ( MHBU) . Shanxi Province: 1♀ Xixiang County, Yankou Town, Wu Zi Shan , 27 May 2013, leg. Mingxin Liu ( MHBU) .

Diagnosis: C. severum can be distinguished from C. simplex sp. nov. by: 1) the short, claw-like embolus (vs. hooklike embolus in C. simplex sp. nov.) (compare Fig. 10A–B with Fig. 10C–D ); 2) the digitiform retrobasal paracymbial spine (vs. mango-stone shaped in C. simplex sp. nov.) (compare Fig. 9E–F with Fig. 9C–D ); 3) the inverted J-shaped primary spermathecae (vs. S-shaped in C. simplex sp. nov.) (compare Fig. 4D–E with Fig. 6D–E ).

Redescription. Male (YNM110; Fig. 3A–B ): Total length 7.53; carapace 3.53 long, 2.08 wide; abdomen 4.00 long, 1.97 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.08, PME 0.10, PLE 0.12; AME–AME 0.15, AME– ALE 0.08, ALE–ALE 0.56, PME–PME 0.36, PME–PLE 0.14, PLE–PLE 0.73, ALE–PLE 0.05; MOA 0.30 long; anterior width 0.40, posterior width 0.46. Clypeal height 0.24. Chelicerae with three pro- (middle largest, distal smallest) and two retromarginal teeth (same size). Measurements of legs: I 9.77 (2.68, 0.91, 2.56, 2.40, 1.22), II 9.19 (2.53, 0.70, 2.49, 2.22, 1.25), III 8.61 (2.44, 0.61, 2.25, 2.21, 1.10), IV 12.20 (3.22, 0.87, 2.95, 3.69, 1.47). Spination: femur I–IV do 3; femur I–IV pl 3, I–II rl 1, III–IV rl 3, tibia I do 1, I–II plv 2 rlv 2, III–IV do 1 pl 2 rl 2 plv 3 rlv 3, metatarsus I–II plv 2 rlv 2, III–IV pl 3 rl 3 plv 3 rlv 3 vt 1. Carapace black, oval. Sternum black. Abdomen black, with several wide white transverse bands covered by plumose hairs.

Palp ( Figs 4A–C , 10A–B ). Cymbium with distinct digitiform retrobasal paracymbial spine covered with ridges ( Fig. 9E–F ). Embolus claw-like, with two bends, short and coiled ( Figs 4A–C , 10A–B ).

Female. Like the male except by the following: (YNM116; Fig. 3C–D ): total length 7.15; carapace 3.53 long, 2.19 wide; abdomen 3.62 long, 2.31 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:AME 0.19, ALE 0.14, PME 0.13, PLE 0.12; AME–AME 0.32, AME–ALE 0.22, ALE–ALE 0.70, PME–PME 0.39, PME–PLE 0.27, PLE–PLE 0.90, ALE–PLE 0.14; MOA 0.35 long; anterior width 0.46, posterior width 0.53. Clypeal height 0.27. Measurements of legs: I 9.02 (2.39, 0.76, 2.47, 2.05, 1.35), II 8.51 (2.40, 0.74, 2.17, 2.01, 1.19), III 8.37 (2.67, 0.80, 1.89, 1.90, 1.11), IV 10.28 (2.48, 0.77, 2.64, 3.07, 1.32). Spination: femur I–IV do 3; femur I pl 1, II–IV pl 2, III rl 2, IV rl 1, tibia I plv 3 rlv 3, II plv 2 rlv 2, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2, IV do 1 pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2, metatarsus I–II plv 2 rlv 2, III do 1 pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2, IV pl 3 rl 3 plv 3 rlv 3 vt 1. Carapace dark brown. Sternum dark brown. Abdomen light brown, with several vague white bands.

Epigyne as in Fig. 4D–E . Copulatory openings situated laterally in posterior of epigastric plate, with “6”-shaped edges. Copulatory ducts transverse, curved upward and extended into inverted J-shaped primary spermathecae. Secondary spermathecae sac-like, with contiguous proximal and spherical, separated distal parts. Fertilization duct thin, short, lying the secondary spermathecae.

Variation. Total length: male (n=28) 5.70–9.02; female (n=38) 7.47–9.83.

Distribution. India to China, Philippines, Indonesia (Sumatra, Sulawesi) (WSC 2022).

Remark. We compared the original description and figures of C. yulinguana Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 , with C. severum (compare fig. 10A–D in Barrion et al. 2013 with Fig. 4D–E ). We find the following features are consistent: 1) primary spermathecae inverted J-shaped (see fig. 10D in Barrion et al. 2013; Fig. 4E ); 2) copulatory ducts transverse, curved upward and extended into primary spermathecae (see fig. 10D in Barrion et al. 2013; Fig. 4E ); 3) secondary spermathecae with spherical distal parts (see fig. 10D in Barrion et al. 2013; Fig. 4E ). Therefore, C. yulinguana syn. nov. should be regarded as a junior synonym of C. severum .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Corinnomma severum. A. Male habitus, dorsal view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Female habitus, dorsal view; D. Same, ventral view.

FIGURE 4. Corinnomma severum A. Male left palp, prolateral view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Same, retrolateral view; D. Epigyne, ventral view; E. Same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: E—embolus; SD—sperm duct; T—tegulum; ST—subtegulum; CD—copulatory duct; CO—copulatory opening; FD—fertilization duct; S1—spermatheca I; S2— spermatheca II.

FIGURE 6. Corinnomma simplex sp. nov. A. Male left palp, prolateral view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Same, retrolateral view; D. Epigyne, ventral view; E. Same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: E—embolus; SD—sperm duct; T—tegulum; ST—subtegulum; CD—copulatory duct; CO—copulatory opening; FD—fertilization duct; S1—spermatheca I; S2— spermatheca II.

FIGURE 9. Retrobasal paracymbial spine. A–B. Corinnomma spiralis sp. nov.; C–D. Corinnomma simplex sp. nov.; E–F. Corinnomma severum. A, C, E dorsal view; B, D, F retrolateral view.

FIGURE 10. Embolus. A–B. Corinnomma severum; C–D. Corinnomma simplex sp. nov.; E–F. Corinnomma spiralis sp. nov.; A, C, E dorsal view; B, D, F retrolateral view.