Dicranoptycha gyebangsaniana, Podenas, Sigitas, Byun, Hye-Woo & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2015

Podenas, Sigitas, Byun, Hye-Woo & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2015, New Dicranoptycha Osten Sacken, 1859 Crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of North and South Korea, Zootaxa 3925 (2), pp. 257-270 : 261-265

Dicranoptycha gyebangsaniana sp. nov.

( Figs. 7–9 )

Etymology. Species is named after the name of the mountain, where it was collected.

Material examined ( Fig. 16 B). Type specimens: 1 male, 4 females.

Holotype, male (preserved in ethanol). SOUTH KOREA, Nodong-ri, Yongpyeong-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, Mt. Gyebangsan, [approximate coordinates: N37.697736, E128.476243], 2008. X.03, malaise trap, coll. K. G. Kim, ( NIBR).

Paratypes, 1 female (preserved in ethanol), topotypic, ( NIBR); 1 female (preserved in ethanol), same locality, 2008.07.19–08.12, malaise trap, coll. H.Y. Seo & K.G. Kim, ( NIBR); 2 females (pinned), SOUTH KOREA, #37, Hill 1468, 16 mi NW Chunchon, 127°30’E, 38°00’N, 16 Sept. 1954, 4300’, George W. Byers, (KU).

This species was also compared with the holotype of Dicranoptycha vulpes Alexander, 1935 .

Diagnosis. Distinguished from other species in the genus by wing venation, structure of male genitalia and ovipositor. Outer gonostylus of male genitalia sickle-shaped with serrated posterior margin. Inner gonostylus approximately as long as outer gonostylus, wide and fleshy and blunt-apexed. Lateral process of lateral apodeme of vesica straight, narrowed distally and point-apexed. Anterior apodemes of vesica are separate, resembling short blunt pegs. Ovipositor ( Fig. 9 ) with tenth tergite and cerci generally yellow, eigth sternite dark brown or black, hypovalvae reddish—dark brown. Cercus fleshy, setose, with wide-rounded apex. Hypovalvae wide, setose, reaching to about middle of cercus.

Description ( Figs. 7–9 ). Adult, male (N =1). General color of thorax dark brown, that of abdomen light brown. Body length 8.5 mm. Wing length 9.6 mm. Head: dark gray, frontally somewhat light gray, posteriorly dark brown, but getting lighter towards posterior edge, densely pruinose. Dorsal part of head covered with long erect brown setae. Vertex medium wide, approximately as wide as length of rostrum. Length of antenna 1.9 mm. Scape cylindrical, light reddish brown. Pedicel widening distally, somewhat lighter than scape. Flagellum 14-segmented, light reddish-brown at base, turning yellow towards distal end. Basal flagellomere yellowish at base. Basal segments short, oval, more distal flagellomeres elongate, nearly cylindrical. Apical flagellomere elongate, nearly as long as penultimate. Verticils long, brown, approximately 1.5 times as long as respective segments. Short pubescence, covering segments whitish. Rostrum, palpi and mouth parts brown. Thorax: reddish brown. Pronotum lighter posteriorly. Mesonotal prescutum brown, longitudinal stripes indistinct, pseudosutural fovea light brown. Scutal lobes same color as prescutum. Scutellum dark brown frontally, slightly paler laterally and posteriorly. Mediotergite brown, but frontal part somewhat darker. Pleuron brown with indistinct dark brown longitudinal stripe, ventral part of katepisternum light brown. Wing ( Fig. 7 ) brownish, prearcular area and costal field lighter. Stigma indistinct, not darker than remaining wing area. Most veins are light brown, veins at wing base and in costal area yellowish. Venation: Sc1 long, reaching distinctly beyond branching point of Rs, Sc2 close to Sc1 tip. Rs short, distinctly arched at base. R3 and R4 long and parallel to each other and both distinctly arched before wing margin, thus cell r1+2 very wide at wing margin. Discal cell long and narrow, about 2.7 times as long as wide. Basal deflection of CuA1 distinctly beyond branching point of M, approximately at one-fourth of discal cell‘s length. Both anal veins long and nearly straight. Anal angle medium-sized, posterior margin widely rounded. Length of male halter 1.4 mm. Halter pale, just base slightly infuscated. Coxae and trochanters obscure yellow, just frontal face of fore coxae brownish. Distal margin of trochanter narrowly rimmed with black. Femur obscure yellow getting dark brown at distal third. Tibiae and basal tarsomere yellow, distal tarsomeres brown. Legs covered with very short, semi-erect brown setae. Femur II: 8.2 mm, tibiae II: 8.5 mm, tarsus II: 7.0 mm long. Claw simple, without additional spines. Abdomen: light brown, covered with yellowish erect setae. Basal tergite and base of second tergite dark brown. Caudal segments slightly darker than remainder of abdomen. Lateral margins of tergites with indistinct darker stripe extending along whole abdomen. Sternites uniformly yellow, except first sternite, which is brownish. Male terminalia ( Fig. 8 ) brown. Ninth tergite widely concave. Gonocoxite simple, elongate-oval. Outer gonostylus sickle-shaped, wide at base, pointed and blackened at apex, posterior margin serrated. Inner gonostylus approximately as long as outer gonostylus, wide and fleshy, with blunt apex and covered with sparse setae. Lateral process of lateral apodeme of vesica (interbase, according to Starý, 1972) straight, narrowed distally and pointapexed. Anterior apodemes of vesica are separate, resemble short blunt pegs.

Female (N =4). Body length 9.9–11.9 mm, wing length 10.1–10.9 mm. Head: grayish dark brown. Vertex approximately as wide as in male. Antenna 1.65–2.10 mm long, proximal part same color as in male, distal segments pale yellow. Apical segment slightly longer than penultimate. Thorax: General color of thorax grayish brown, prescutal stripes missing, just central part of prescutum somewhat darkened. Length of halter 1.25–1.55 mm. Coxae light brownish yellow, trochanters yellow. Femorae, tibiae and first tarsomeres yellow with slightly darkened distal ends. Remaining tarsomeres dark brown. Femur I: 6.6 mm, II: 7.3–7.6 mm, III: 7.7–8.2 mm, tibiae I: 9.1 mm, II: 7.7–8.4 mm, III: 8.2–9.3 mm, tarsus I: 7.9 mm, II: 5.8–8.1 mm, III: 6.1–7.0 mm long. Abdomen: same color as in male. Ovipositor ( Fig. 9 ) with ninth and tenth tergites and eigth sternite brownish at base, yellowish posteriorly, cerci and hypovalvae yellow. Cercus elongate nearly parallel-sided, just slightly widened at approximately two-thirds of length, fleshy, setose and blunt-apexed. Dorsal margin of eigth sternite slightly sinuous. Hypovalve long and straight, point-apexed, setae on dorsal margin long and distinct. Tip of hypovalvae reaches approximately to the middle of cercus.

Elevation. Specimens were collected at altitude of approximately 1300 m.

Period of activity. Adults are flying from late July through the beginning of October.

Distribution. Northern and north-eastern part of South Korea.

Discussion. Male genitalia of Dicranoptycha gyebangsaniana n. sp. resemble that of D. venosa Alexander, 1924 . They have a similar ninth tergum, gonostyli and lateral processes of lateral apodemes of vesica. The most distinct difference is in the anterior apodemes of the vesica. Anterior apodemes are separate, resembling the short blunt pegs in D. gyebangsaniana n. sp. and united at the base resembling the fish-tail like process in D. venosa ( Fig. 14 ). D. gyebangsaniana n. sp. abdomen is light brown, that of D. venosa is distinctly dark brown. D. gyebangsaniana n. sp. is unique among East Palaearctic species of Dicranoptycha by its very short wing radial sector. Cercus of D. gyebangsaniana n. sp. ovipositor is long and narrow, thus distinctly differs from shorter and wider cercus in related species ( Figs. 6 , 13 ).

The general body coloration of D. gyebangsaniana n. sp. resembles that of D. vulpes Alexander, 1935 , which is known from Sichuan Province of China. D. vulpes is known only from females, thus comparison of male genitalia is impossible at this time of writing. The wing of D. vulpes has a longer radial sector than in D. gyebangsaniana n. sp. The thorax of D. vulpes is uniformly yellow, that of D. gyebangsaniana n. sp. is reddish brown. The cercus of D. gyebangsaniana n. sp. has widely rounded apex, distal part of cercus in D. vulpes is wedge-shaped.

Figures

FIGURE 14. Dicranoptycha venosa, male genitalia, dorsal view. Specimen from Kunashir Island.

FIGURE 16. Distribution maps. A, Dicranoptycha buksubaeksaniana n. sp. B, Dicranoptycha gyebangsaniana n. sp.

FIGURES 7 – 9. Dicranoptycha gyebangsaniana n. sp. 7, wing of holotype. 8, male genitalia of holotype, dorso-lateral view. 9, ovipositor of paratype, lateral view.

FIGURES 4 – 6. Dicranoptycha prolongata. 4, wing. 5, male genitalia, dorsal view. 6, ovipositor, lateral view. Abbreviations: aa, anterior apodeme of vesica; ap, aedeagal process; arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; gonx, gonocoxite; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; i gonst, inner gonostylus; l p, lateral process of lateral apodeme of vesica; o gonst, outer gonostylus; st, sternite; tg, tergite.

FIGURES 10 – 13. Dicranoptycha buksubaeksaniana n. sp. 10, wing of female. 11, male genitalia of holotype, dorsal view. 12, ventral view of KOH cleared paratype ovipositor. 13, ovipositor of paratype, lateral view.