Limonium virgatum (Willd.) Fourreau (1869: 141)

Brullo, Salvatore & Erben, Matthias, 2016, The genus Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) in Greece, Phytotaxa 240 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

11. Limonium virgatum (Willd.) Fourreau (1869: 141) ( Fig. 11 )

Basionym:― Statice virgata Willdenow (1809 a: 336) . Type (lectotype, designated by Erben 1978): ― SPAIN. “Habitat in Hispania”, s.d., s.l. (B-06189!).

= Statice smithii Tenore (1828: 350) . Type:―Not designated.

= Limonium oleifolium Miller, Gard. Dict. ed.8, no. 3 (1768) nom. amb.; Type:―Not designated.

= Statice virgata Willdenow var. tenia Heldreich (1901 : Herb. Graec. Norm. no. 1683 cum descriptione) ≡ Limonium tenium (Heldreich) Rechinger fil. (1961: 371). Type (lectotype, designated here):― GREECE. Cyclades : Cycladum insula Tenos, in arenosis maritimis l.d. Angulià, 29 June 1901, De Heldreich 1683 (W-Haláscy!, isolectotypes M!, WU!).

= Statice melia Nyman (1881: 612) ≡ Limonium melium (Nyman) Pignatti (1971: 365) . Type(lectotype, designated here):― GREECE. Cyclades: Melos, s.d., d´Urville, s.n. (OXF!).

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BRULLO & ERBEN LIMONIUM (PLUMBAGINACEAE)

Phytotaxa 240 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 39 40 • Phytotaxa 240 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press

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Description: —Plant perennial, glabrous, forming a sub-shrub 15–60 cm tall, with several erect to ascending stems and a robust tap-root. Caudices 0.5–20 cm long, branched, densely spirally leafy in the upper half. Leaves fleshy, dark green, 30–85 mm long and 4.0– 8.5 mm broad, normally flat, verrucate, narrowly spathulate to narrowly oblanceolate, apex obtuse to rounded, mucronate, with one central nerve, gradually tapering into the petiole. Stems 14–50 cm long, flexuous, rugose, branching begins shortly above the base. Inflorescence trullate or obtrullate in outline. Sterile branches several to numerous, 2–5 cm long, straight to slightly flexuous, longer branches divided. Fertile branches 4–12 cm long, straight to slightly flexuous, directed obliquely upwards, forming branching angles of 30°– 45°, branched in the upper half. Spikes 5–80 mm long, straight to arched, directed obliquely upwards to spreading. Spikelets laterally slightly curved near the base, 6.1–7.2 mm long, composed of 1–5 (–10) flowers, remotely to densely arranged with 4–6 per cm; sometimes nearly clustered. Outer bract 1.8–2.8 mm long and 1.7–2.4 mm broad, triangular-ovate, acute; bract margin broadly membranous; central part slightly fleshy, sometimes only at the base, acuminate. Middle bract membranous, 1.7–2.6 mm long and 1.7–2.1 mm broad, broadly oblong to broadly oblong-obovate, rounded. Inner bract 4.9–6.0 mm long and 3.0– 3.6 mm broad, elliptic to oblong-obovate, round to broadly acute; bract margin broadly membranous; central part fleshy, 4.0– 5.2 mm long and 1.8–2.8 mm broad, oblong, forming a triangular tip, 0.8–1.2 mm long, nearly reaching the upper margin. Calyx 5.0–6.0 mm long, exceeding the inner bract by 1.2–1.8 mm; calyx tube sparsely to densely shortly hairy, with 5 ribs ending above the base of lobes; calyx lobes ca. 0.6 × 0.9 mm, broadly semi-elliptical. Corolla red-violet.

Chromosome number: —2n = 27 ( Erben 1978, Artelari 1984a, b, 1989a, 1992, Artelari & Georgiou 2003, Georgakopoulou & al. 2006 Erben Li–1203, Li–1530, unpubl.).

Distribution: —Widespread througout the Mediterranean region and especially frequent in Greece ( Fig. 99 ).

Habitat: —Rocky coast, salt marshes, sandy soils and ruderal habitats.

Taxonomic remarks: — L. virgatum is apomictic and taxonomically an isolated species.

Specimens examined: — GREECE. Makedonia: Penins. Sithonia: In scopulo ”Ajia Eleni” vocato adversus litus occidentale, inter pagos Neos Marmara et Torone, alt. 2–5 m, in schistosis litoreis, 16 June 1972, Greuter 10370 (Herb. Greuter); Chalkidiki, O-Küste von Kassandra, im Küstenbereich ca. 3 km nördlich von Paliuri, 13 July 1982, Lobin 004 (M); Chalkidiki, O-Küste von Kassandra, Küstenbereich ca. 3 km nördlich von Paliuri, 14 July 1983, Kalheber 83-1748 (Herb. Kalheber).— Thessaly: Agios Georgios (a Sud di Volos), 13 October 2007, Brullo & Giusso s.n. (CAT, Herb. Erben).— Epirus: Preveza, am Süd-West-Castell, in den Felslöchern am Meer, 25 July 1972, Zerbst 30308 (M); Graecia media, prov. Fthiotis, epharhia Lokris: ad portum Larimna, alt. 0– 2 m. Ad litus portuarium, 6 October 1975, Greuter13065 (B, M, Herb. Greuter); Akarnamas, Tourlida (= Tourlis) S of Mesolongion edge of a salt marsh, 24 August 1995, Nielsen 10713 (B, C).— Attica: Phaleras, s.d., Fraas s.n. (M); Graecia, an der kleinen Bucht hinter Palamides, Aug.–Sept., s.l. (M); Graecia, an der kleinen Bucht hinter Palamides, Aug.-Okt. 1834, s.l. (M); In maritimis Phalerianum, 3–15 July 1849, Orphanides 264 (B, C, M,WU, Z); Attica in marit., s.l. (M); Attica, ad Phalerum, June 1854, De Heldreich s.n. (M); In arenosis maritimis Phaleri cum var. rorida , July 1855, De Heldreich 494 b (B, BM, FI, P, WU); Attika, Phaleron near Athens, coast, 25 July 1860, Leutwein de Fellenberg s.n. (C); In arenosis maritimi Isthmi Corinthii pr. Kalamaki, 12 August 1868, De Heldreich s.n. (WU); Levadia, Athen (Phalerus), s.l. (M); Porto Raphti, Tuntas 81 (WU); Graecia, Athenae, s.d., Berger s.n. (M); Attica, prope Phaleron, in maritimis, 3 October 1882, Bornmueller s.n. (W); Attica, Athenae ad Phalereum, August 1885, Haussknecht s.n. (B); In littore Isthmi inter Lutraki et Posidoniam, 11 July 1886, De Heldreich s.n. (WU); Isthmus Corinthiacus, in salsuginis halipedi prope Kalamaki, 17 September 1886, De Heldreich 973 (C); Megaris: in arenosis ad ripas lacus Vuliagmene prope Heraeum promontorium (Agios Nicolaos hod.) in dictione pag. Perhachora, 6 September 1886, De Heldreich 975 (B, OXF, WU); Attica, in arenosis maritimis Phaleri, 4 July 1888, Halácsy (WU); In arenosis maritimis Phaleri, 14 July 1889, De Heldreich 1070 (B, WU); Attica, in arenosis maritimis ad Phalerum, 28 June 1893, Halácsy s.n. (Herb. Greuter); De Heldreich Herbarium Graecum Normale no.189, Attica: in arenosis maritimis Phaleri, 17 June 1897, De Heldreich s.n. (M, OXF, WU); Greece, Phaleri, July 1890, Chaboisseau 872 bis (BM); Attica: inter Phaleron et Pikrovaphas ad litore maris, 8 July 1897, De Heldreich s.n. (W); Attica prope Eleusis, 28 June–11 July 1910, Tuntas 1036 (W, WU); Attica, pr. Eleusis, June 1930, Guial s.n. (BM); Attica, pr. Loutsa, 21 July 1930, Guial 1422 (BM); Attiki: inter pagum Palea Fokea et vicum Legrena, loco “Thimari” vocato, alt. 10 m. In dumulosis graminosisque apricis sublitoralis, 22 July 1971, Greuter 9457 (Herb. Greuter); Attika: Strand bei Faliron, 22 September 1971 Merxmüller 27295 (M); Attica, Agios Dimitrios, 27 August 2002, Brullo & Sciandrello s.n. (CAT); Korinthos Akr. Ireo, 1 September 2002, Brullo & Sciandrello s.n. (CAT).— Euboea: Euboea septentrionalis, Hedypso ad Thermas, 6 July 1890, De Heldreich s.n. (WU); Insula

LIMONIUM (PLUMBAGINACEAE)

Phytotaxa 240 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 41 Euboea meridionalis: In Petalium insula Magalonisi, ad litus australe, 23 June 1956, K. H. Rechinger 18811 (G, M); Insula Euboea centralis: In planitie litorea inter Chalkis et Nea Artaki, 27 June 1958, K. H. Rechinger 19107 (M); Insula Euboea meridionalis: Ad promontorium austro-occidentalem insulae, in saxosis litoreis, 21 June 1958, K. H. Rechinger 18869 (M); Euvoia, Mantoudi, Kria Vrisi, coast NE of Agrilios, coastal limestone cliff, narrow terraces partly covered by blown sand, 17 June 1999, Mucina LM 6664/65 (Herb. Erben); Euvoia, Isteia, Kanatádika, W of Mega Livari laggon, depression on foot of leeward slope of coastal sand dune, 22 June 1999, Mucina LM 6710/267 (Herb. Erben); Euvoia, Isteia, Makro Livari, E part, depression below leewards of coastal sand dune, 29 June 1999, Mucina LM 6774/476 (Herb. Erben); Euvoia, Vassilika, Psarolopi (beach of Vassilika), coastal limestone cliff, small terraces and fissures, salt-spray influence, 29 June 1999, Mucina LM 6783/486 (Herb. Erben); Euvoia, Nea Artaki, N of town near the coast, coastal salt marsh cut off the sea by road, 1 July 1999, Mucina LM 6788/509 (Herb. Erben = Li–1530); Eubea, costa a sud-est di Karistos, 28 August 2002, Brullo & Sciandrello s.n. (CAT).― Sporades: Ins. Yioura (Sporades boreales), in rupestribus calc. maritimis, ad occidentem insulae spectantibus, 5 October 1989, Phitos & Kamari 2548 (C); Insel Kyra Panagia: In saxosis litoreis, 16 May 1965, Phitos 2381 (M); Skiathos, among rushes on dried up middle edge of brackish lagoon of Marsanus at head of bay N of town, 27 June 1962, Gothorno-Hardy 267 (BM); Insel Skiathos, Nordseite, Bucht Ormos Nikotsasa, Kalkfelsen oberhalb der Brandungszone, ca. 10 m, 9 October 1996, Hahn & A. Koch s.n. (MSB 51692, Herb. Erben); Insel Skiathos, Westseite der Insel, Biotop Koukounaries, am Ufer des Salzsees Limnos Strofilias, ca. 1 m, 12 October 1996, Hahn & A. Koch s.n. (MSB 51688, Herb. Erben); Insel Skiathos, Flugplatz Skiathos, Ufer des Salzsees östlich der Startbahn des Flughafens, ca. 0, 5 m, 13 October 1996, Hahn & A. Koch s.n. (MSB 51690, Herb. Erben); Skiathos, Limenaria, ca. 1 km N of Ormos Kehrias, c. 5 m, on calcarous cliff, 10 June 2000, Hahn & A. Koch s.n. (Herb. Erben); In insula Scyro, June 1908, Tuntas 469 (WU); Strophades-Inseln, Stamfani, Pieper s.d., s.n. (Herb. Erben).— Saronic Islands: Insel Ägina, Kap Plakakia, G. Kühlhorn s.n. (M, Herb. Erben = Li–286).— Ionian Islands: Santa Maura am Mesopotames bei Cap Zuana, May 1878, Spreitzenhofer s.n. (WU); Andikithira, 10–30 m, beim Dorfe Potamòs, Neogen. Häufig in der Sublittoraltrift , 14 May 1964, Greuter 6634 (Herb. Greuter); In arenosis maritimis pr. Leucadem, 14 July 1906, Maire & Petitmengin 310 (WU); Zakinthos, Porto Roma presso Agios Stefanos, su tufi arenacei costieri, 18 July 2011, Brullo & Giacalone s.n. (CAT); Corfù a Paleokastritsa, costra rocciosa calcarea, 13 July 2011, Brullo & Giacalone s.n. (CAT); Cephalonia, costa rocciosa calcarea di Pesada porto, 18 July 2011, Brullo & Giacalone s.n. (CAT); Insel Arpyia, 14 September 1980, Pieper s.n. (Herb. Greuter).— Peloponnese: Flora Grecia, Viglafia, Neapoli pantani salmastri, 3 September 2002, Brullo & Sciandrello s.n. (CAT); In collibus cretaceis prope Corinthium, 13 September 1886, De Heldreich s.n. (WU); Strand bei Korinth, 28 July 1888, Fleider s.n. (WU); Messinia, eparch. Pilia: Ad sinum Voidhokoilia (inter Petrohori et Paleokastro Navarinou), alt 2–5 m. In rupestribus calcareis praeruptis pone litus, 4 October 1979, Greuter 17271 (Herb. Greuter); Ad orientem casarum Metodi Monastiriou in ditione pagi Thermisis, alt. 1 m. In arenosis litoreis, 6 May 1964, Greuter 6432 (Herb. Greuter); Prov. Ilia, in dictione pagi Glifa , in saxosis calcareis maritimis, 18 August 1980, R. Artelari 381 (C); Laconia , 1 km before the village of Epidovrou Limiras , saltmarsh, 14 October 1994, Strid 38825 (C); Achaias , Kalogria , Salinas and brackish swamps near the beach, 1 July 1995, Strid 40208 (C); Achaias , by Kalogria W of Araxos, salt marsh, 21 September 1996, Nielsen 11660 (B, C); Ermioni presso Pigadia , 2 September 2002, Brullo & Sciandrello s.n. (CAT).— Cyclades: Andros , Batsi , Akro Kolona, W slope, debris slope on steep coastal cliff, metamorphic sandstone, salt-spray influence, 5 July 1998, Mucina LM 6563/1 (Herb. Erben); Andros Korthi Bay , 30 August 2002, Brullo & Sciandrello s.n. (CAT); Andros , Batsi Akr. Kolona, 30 August 2002, Brullo & Sciandrello s.n. (CAT); Astipalea , Analipsi , 8 June 1995, Brullo & Minissale s.n. (CAT); Donoussa , tra Stravos e Aspros Kavos , 28 August 1998, Bartolo & Brullo s.n, sheet 1 (CAT); Insula Ios in arenosis maritimis, 29–30 June , 1–2 July 1889, De Heldreich s.n. (OXF, WU); Iraklia , Livadi , 1 September 1998, Bartolo & Brullo s.n. (CAT); Milos island : Provatas bay , on maritime calcareous rocks, 28 August 1983, R. Artelari 434 (M); Milos island , Adhamas village , 1983, R. Artelari 447 (Herb. Erben = Li–1203); Milos island : Ajia Kiriaki village , on maritime rocks, 2 September 1983, R. Artelari 439 (B, M); Milos , Emporio , 1 July 1994, Brullo & Minissale s.n. (CAT, Herb. Erben); Milos , Nomos Kykladon , Eparch. Milon, Bergbaugebiet zwischen dem Ostrand des Kraters und Paleochori , 8 April 2003, Kalheber 03–035 (Herb. Kalheber); Insel Milos , Küste westlich von Adamas, Sandflächen und Salzmarsch beim französischen Soldatenfriedhof des Krimkrieges , 10 May 2004, Kalheber 04–441 (Herb. Kalheber); Naxos , Agia Anna , 10 June 1995, Brullo & Minissale (CAT, Herb. Erben); In insula Paro , 12–17 August1881, De Heldreich s.n. (WU); Insel Paros. Westküste, 1 km südlich Pounta , Sandstrand und kleine Dünen , 15 September 1993, Raus 20470 (B); Paros , Glyfa , litorale calcareo, 28 August 2003, Brullo &

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Bacchetta s.n. (CAT); Schinousa : Flora della Grecia , Schinoussa , Mersini Ainickolas , 31 August 1998, Bartolo & Brullo (CAT); Siphnos , am Fussweg zwischen Faros und Apokofto, Strandfelsen am westl. Ortsrand von Faros , 4–9 m, September 1997, Kalheber 97–1742 (Herb. Kalheber); Isle of Syros , on coastal rocks at Finikas, 21 August 1990, Hansen s.n. (C); Thira, Griecheland, 1942, Baschant s.n. (B); Santorin Arch., Thirasia, Nordküste (Kap Omas, Kap Riva), 29 September 1986, Raus 12011 (B).— Crete: Krete, Platania rochers maritimes, 10 August 1883, Reverchon s.n. (B); Creta, Candia, s.d., Sieber s.n. (M); Creta, Morea, in arenosis marit. pr. Gideon, June 1876, Pichler s.n. (BM); Fl. Cretensis: Soudha, 3 August 1883, Reverchon s.n. (B, WU, Herb. Greuter); Fl. Cretensis, Platania, rochers maritimes, 10 August 1883, Reverchon 147 (B, BM, OXF, WU); Fl. Cretensis, Platania, 10 August 1883, Reverchon s.n. (BM); Creta: Distr. Malevyzi, In arenosis maritimis prope Gazi, 25 June 1942, K. H. Rechinger 13986 (B, M); Creta: Distr. Pyrgiotissa, In arenosis maritimis ad Tymbakion, 28 June 1942, K. H. Rechinger 14081 (M); Kreta, Halbinsel Akrothiri, Bucht von Kalathàs südlich Chorafàkia, 0–2 m, auf pleistozänem Strandkonglomerat (Poros), 25 April 1960, Greuter 2607 (Herb. Greuter); Kreta, Küste östlich Iràklio, Mündung des Karteròs , 0 m, Sandboden. Brackig-sumpfige Flächen hinter den Stranddünen, 5 May 1960, Greuter 2968 (Herb. Greuter); Kreta, bei Ammudàres westl. Ieràpetra, 2 m, Sand. Am Strandwall im Juncus-acutus -Gürtel, stellenweise häufig, 24 March 1961, Greuter 3346 (Herb. Greuter); Kreta, Küste bei Paläkastro, 0–1 m, alluv. Lehmboden bei der Flussmündung. Feuchte grasige Flächen mit Juncus-acutus -Beständen, häufig, 26 March 1961, Greuter 3393 (Herb. Greuter); Kreta, Prope Kutsunára ad orientem oppidi Ierápetra, 2 m, in submaritimis depressiss salsuginosis hyeme inundatis, 28 September 1966, Greuter 7609 (M); Crete near Agios Nicolaos, on sandy shore by sea, 7 August 1971, Petamidis s.n. (BM); Kreta, Halvo Spinalonga, 7 October 1971, Kaae s.n. (C); Kreta, Agios Nicolaos, Halvo near Minas beach, 10 October 1971, Kaae s.n. (C); Crete, sandy beach east of Ierapetra , Ierapetra-District, 16 October 1973, Hansen 1059 (C, Herb. Greuter); Crete, sandy beach, Gulf of Merabello , c. 2 km south of Aghios Nikolaos , 18 October 1973, Hansen 1983 (C, Herb. Greuter); Krete, Kommos among rocks on excavation site, 20 April 1980, Shay s.n. (B); Kreta, Ep. Pedhias, Umgebung des Dorfes Prasas , Olivenhaine und Strassenrand, ca. 125 m, 1 October 1984, Risse 1803 (B); Kriti island, Nomos Lasithiou: 4 km E of Ferma village on conglomerate maritime rocks, 1 June 1988, R. Artelari 1027 & Chondropoulos (M); Creta, Amnisos, scogliera calcarea ad Est di Iraklion , 25 August 1996, Brullo & Guarino s.n. (CAT, Herb. Erben); Creta, Grave of Venizelos (Chania), 4 June 2000, Brullo & Giusso s.n,.sheet 2 (CAT, Herb. Erben); Creta, Hiersonissos, 8 June 2000, Brullo & Giusso s.n. (CAT); Creta, Agia Fotia, 10 June 2000, Brullo & Giusso s.n. (CAT); Insel Kreta, Nordküste, ca. 22 km E von Iraklion, N von Limin Hersonisou, ESE von Svourou Metodi , Küstenbereich S von Akrotiri Hersonisos , Felsküste , Phrygana , Wegränder , 5–30 m, 18 August–1 September 2001, D. & H. Wittmann s.n. (M).― Dodecanese: Karpathos, Psoriari Plaka, 30 June 2002, Brullo & Giusso s.n. (CAT); Kos, Lampi (NO Kos), Sandstrand, 22 September 1971, Kaae s.n. (C); Rodhos, 1 km S Kattavia, flooded area, 9 July 1981, A. Carlström 989, 990, 991 (LD); Rodhos, 1 km S of Kattavia, 22 October 1982, A. Carlström 9199 (LD); Patmos, Petra Beach, 24 August 2013, Brullo & Ilardi s.n. (CAT).― Eastern Aegean Islands : Ins. Chios ad littorem pagi Limnos, alt. 0–20 m, solo argilloso, 24 July 1992, Phitos & Kamari 22073 (C); Chios, NE-Küste, SSW-Rand von Marmaro, Salzsumpf, 28 June 1995, Walter s.n. (MSB); Chios, litorale roccioso di Emporio, 7 June 2005, Brullo & Musarella s.n. (CAT, Herb. Erben); Chios, Agios Joannis (Komi), 7 June 2005, Brullo & Musarella s.n. (CAT, Herb. Erben); Chios, Emborios, 12 October 2007, Brullo & Giusso s.n. (CAT, Herb. Erben); Lesbos, salt marsh and beach by Larssos, 23 November 1993, Hansen & Nielsen 9093 (B, C); Lesbos, the Delta of Kalonas river between the bridges, 24 November 1993, Hansen & Nielsen 9150 (B, C); Lesvos, Mithilini, the coastal village of Nifida, salt marsh, 0–1 m, 15 October 1994, Nielsen 9826 (B); Lesvos, Mithilini, Beach by Ftelia S of Perama near the mouth of Gera Bay , 14 October 1994, Nielsen 9779 (B); Lesbos, Skala Kallonis, 27 August 1992, Brullo & Minissale s.n. (CAT); Lesbos, NE-Küste des Kolpos Geras, Mytilana village , Strand am Hotel, 9 April 2000, Kalheber 00–006 (Herb. Kalheber); Inseln, Samos, Pythagorion, am Strand nach Ireon zu und der alten Stadtmauer, 11 October 1994, Kalheber 94-1467 (M, Herb. Kalheber); Samos, Südküste, Psili Ammos bei Posidonion, Strand und alte Salinen, 15 October 1994, Kalheber 94–1528 bis 1531 (Herb. Kalheber); Samos, c. 3 km W of the village of Psili Ammos, salt marsh, 25 August 1997, Nielsen & Christansen 12295 (C); Samos, pantano presso Pithagorio, 10 June 2005, Brullo & Musarella (CAT, Herb. Erben).— Northen Aegean Islands: Insel Thasos, Ostseite, Felsküste bei Makriammos, 3 September 1995, Wanner s.n. (MSB 51689, Herb. Erben); Thassos, Ormos Kalamaki, 27 June 2003, Brullo & Giusso s.n. (CAT); Agios Efstratios, ESE Ortslage, 20 m, Alonitsi-Sanddünen mit Trockenbach, Weide, 10 October 2012, Biel BB - AEF 12.060 (Herb. Biel) .

LIMONIUM (PLUMBAGINACEAE)

Phytotaxa 240 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 43

Figures

FIGURE 11. Limonium virgatum (Willdenow) Fourreau.A) Habit; B) Spikelet; C) Outer bract; D) Middle bract; E) Inner bract; F) Calyx; G) Calyx lobes; H) Leaves. (Habit and leaves drawn from “Korinthos, Akr. Ireo, Brullo & Sciandrello s.n., CAT”, spikelet details from “Thassos, Wanner s.n., M 51689”).

FIGURE 99. (Map 14) Geographical distribution of Limonium virgatum (A).