Colletes jankowskyi Radoszkowski, 1891

Murao, Ryuki, Ikudome, Shuichi & Tadauchi, Osamu, 2016, Colletes jankowskyi (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) newly recorded from Japan, with some biological notes and DNA barcodes, Journal of Melittology 2016 (63), pp. 1-10 : 4-6

Colletes jankowskyi Radoszkowski, 1891

( Figs. 1, 2 , 4 , 7 , 9 )

Colletes jankowskyi Radoszkowski, 1891: 253 .

Colletes ventralis Pérez, 1903: 225 . Synonymy vide Kuhlmann, 2000: 180.

Colletes ventraliformis Cockerell, 1924: 595 . Synonymy vide Kuhlmann, 2000: 180.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: [ JAPAN] Honshu: 1♂, Karuizawa ( Kitasaku-dist. ), Nagano Pref., 30.viii.1949 [30 August 1949] ( R. Ishikawa, ELKU). Kyushu: 1♂, Kujû ( Bungo ), 3.viii.1940 [3 August 1940] ( T. Esaki, ELKU; a paratype of C. babai ) ; 1♀, 2♂♂, Kokonoe-machi, Kusu-gun, Kuju , Oita Pref., 13.ix.2009 [13 September 2009] (O. Tadauchi, ELKU) ; 1♀, 1♂, Chojyabaru, alt. 1,050 m, Kokonoe-machi, Kusu-gun , Kuju , Oita Pref., N33°7’6.773’’ E131°13’49.331’’, 5.ix.2010 [5 September 2010] ( R. Murao, on Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq. , cMur) ; 2♀♀, 7♂♂, same locality, 28.viii.2011 [28 August 2011] ( R. Murao & Y. Murao, on L. cyrtobotrya, ELKU ) ; 6♀♀, same locality, 31.viii.2012 [31 August 2012] ( R. Murao, on L. cyrtobotrya, ELKU ) ; 4♀♀, same locality, 17.ix.2014 [17 September 2014] ( R. Murao, on L. cyrtobotrya, ELKU ) ; 2♀♀, 4♂♂, same locality, 15.viii.2015 [15 August 2015] ( R. Murao, on L. cyrtobotrya, ELKU ) ; 14♀♀, 2♂♂, same locality, 28.viii.2015 [28 August 2015] ( R. Murao, on L. cyrtobotrya, ELKU ) ; 19♀♀, same locality, 5.ix.2015 [5 September 2015] ( R. Murao, on L. cyrtobotrya, ELKU ) ; 2♀♀, same locality, 14.ix.2015 [14 September 2015] ( R. Murao, on L. cyrtobotrya, ELKU ) .

DIAGNOSIS: In Japan, this species is similar to C. babai and C. floralis . It can be differentiated from these species by the following key:

1. ♀♀ ................................................................................................................................. 2

—. ♂♂ ................................................................................................................................. 4

2(1). Malar space long, approximately one-half of basal width of mandible; punctures on 1 st metasomal tergum sparser, as in figure 3 (IS = 3d at maximum) ... ................................................................................................... C. floralis Eversmann

—. Malar space short, less than half of basal width of mandible; punctures on 1 st metasomal tergum denser, as in figure 4 (IS = 0.5–2d) .......................................... 3

3(2). Mesoscutum with yellowish-brown hairs, excluding darker setae ...................... .................................................................................. C. babai Hirashima & Tadauchi

—. Mesoscutum with whitish hairs excluding dark setae ........................................... ....................................................................................... C. jankowskyi Radoszkowski

4(1). Pilosity of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum without dark hairs; base of 7 th metasomal sternum with lateral process (blue arrow in Fig. 5 ); hair zone on disc of 7 th metasomal sternum occupies over half of width of disc in central area (red arrow in Fig. 5 ) .............................................................. C. floralis Eversmann

—. Pilosity of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum mixed with dark hairs; base of 7 th metasomal sternum laterally rounded or angulate (blue arrow in Figs. 6–7 ); hair zone on disc of 7 th metasomal sternum occupies approximately half or less than half of width of disc in central area (red arrow in Figs. 6–7 ) .... 5

5(4). Base of 7 th metasomal sternum laterally rounded (blue arrow in Fig. 6 ); hair zone on disc of 7 th metasomal sternum occupies approximately half of width of disc in central area (red arrow in Fig. 6 ) ......... C. babai Hirashima & Tadauchi

—. Base of 7 th metasomal sternum laterally angulate (blue arrow in Fig. 7 ); hair zone on disc of 7 th metasomal sternum narrow, occupies only outer margin of disc in central area (red arrow in Fig. 7 ) ........... C. jankowskyi Radoszkowski

DISTRIBUTION: Japan (central Honshu and Kyushu); Russia, Mongolia, China, Tajikistan ( Proshchalykin & Kuhlmann, 2015).

PHENOLOGY IN JAPAN: The phenology based on the data of both the field survey and ELKU collection is as follows: females emerged from mid-August to mid-September and males from early August to mid-September. The emergence of both females and males could not be confirmed in other seasons. Thus, C. jankowskyi seems to be a univoltine species in Japan. Figure 8 shows the phenology of C. jankowskyi by number of individuals sampled in Oita Prefecture, Kyushu, in 2015. The number of female individuals was highest from late August to early September and distinctly decreased thereafter.

HABITAT IN JAPAN: This species is found in semi-natural grassland ( Fig. 10 ) at an elevation of approximately 1000 m.

FLORAL RECORDS IN JAPAN: The flower records obtained from the field survey were from three species in three families: Aralia cordata Thunb. (Araliaceae) ( Fig. 12 ), Echinops setifer Iljin (Asteraceae) ( Fig. 13 ), and L. cyrtobotrya (Fabaceae) ( Fig. 11 ). The flowers most frequently visited by C. jankowskyi were those of L. cyrtobotrya (96♀♀, 15♂♂: 50♀♀, 14♂♂ by sampling, and 46♀♀, 1♂ from observations at flowers), followed by A. cordata (5♀♀, 1♂ from observations at flowers), and E. setifer (1♂ from observation at flowers). During the periodical sampling conducted from August to September 2015, C. jankowskyi visited only L. cyrtobotrya (37♀♀, 6♂♂), despite the presence of many other flowers (44 species) in bloom during the active season of C. jankowskyi . At least at the study site, the population of C. jankowskyi appears to have a floral preference for L. cyrtobotrya .

DNA BARCODES: The pair-wise sequence divergence was 7.5–7.8% between C. jankowskyi and C. floralis and 2.9–3.5% between C. jankowskyi and C. babai . The intraspecific divergence was 0.3–0.7% (inter- and intraspecific divergence summarized in Table 2 ). Thus, DNA barcoding data can be used for discrimination of C. jankowskyi from both C. babai and C. floralis .

Figures

Figure 8. Phenology of Colletes jankowskyi Radoszkowski at Chojyabaru, Kokonoe-machi, Kusugun, Oita Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan, in 2015.

Figures 1–2. Photographs of Colletes jankowskyi Radoszkowski. 1. Lateral habitus of female. 2. Lateral habitus of male.

Figures 3–4. Photographs of first metasomal tergum of females in dorsal view. 3. Colletes floralis Eversmann. 4. C. jankowskyi Radoszkowski.

Figures 5–7. Illustrations of 7th metasomal sternum for three species of Colletes Latreille (red arrows indicate central areas, blue arrows indicate lateral processes; setae omitted except for right side of Colletes jankowskyi Radoszkowski, right sides omitted from other species). 5. Colletes floralis Eversmann. 6. C. babai Hirashima & Tadauchi. 7. C. jankowskyi.

Figures 9–13. Photographs of Colletes jankowskyi Radoszkowski, its habitat, and floral hosts in Japan. 9. Female on flowers of Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq. 10. Habitat in Japan (Chojyabaru, Kokonoe-machi, Kusu-gun, Oita Prefecture, Kyushu). 11. L. cyrtobotrya. 12. Aralia cordata Thunb. 13. Echinops setifer Iljin.