Polypedilum (Tripodura) jianfengense Song & Wang

Yan, Chuncai, Song, Chao, Liu, Ting, Zhao, Guangjun, Hou, Ziyuan, Cao, Wei & Wang, Xinhua, 2017, Two new and one newly recorded species of Polypedilum Kieffer 1912 with DNA barcodes from Oriental China (Chironomidae: Diptera), Zootaxa 4238 (1), pp. 109-118 : 112-115

Polypedilum (Tripodura) jianfengense Song & Wang sp. n.

( Figure 3A–G , GenBank accession number KY370968 )

Type material. Holotype: ♂ (BDN No. CH 112) . China: Hainan Province, Jianfengling National Nature Reserve , 109.67°N, 18.29°E, 16. III. 2016, Song C, light trap.

Etymology. Named after the type locality, Jianfengling National Nature Reserve.

Diagnosis. The male adult can be distinguished from the other recorded Tripodura species by the following combination of characters: broad transverse sternapodeme, weak shoulders and lanceolate anal point.

Description. Male adult (n = 1)

Total length 2.90 mm. Wing length 1.75 mm. Wing length /length of profemur 2.08.

Coloration. Head, thorax and abdomen dark brown, except hypopygium yellowish. Antenna yellowish brown. Wing with dark spots. Fore femur dark except apical 1/6, tibia pale, remaining portion unknown; basal 2/3 of hind femur dark brown, a dark ring locates to 1/3 apical of hind tibia, basal 1/2 of tarsus I dark brown, tarsus II light brown, tarsus III pale, tarsus IV and V light brown, remaining portion pale ( Figure 3A ).

Head. Frontal tubercles absent. AR 0.87, ultimate flagellomere 405 µm long. Temporal setae 8, including 4 inner verticals. Clypeus with 13 setae. Tentorium 130 µm long, 25 µm wide. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 25; 25; 80; 110; absent.

Wing ( Figure 3B ). Anal lobe developed. VR 1.32. Brachium with 1 seta, R with 21; R1 with 17; R4+5 with 28 setae. Squama with 9 setae. 1 spot locates in basic part of cell r4+5, 1 in middle of cell m1+2, 1 in basal portion of cell m3+4, 1 in distal of cell cu adjacent to spot of cell m3+4 and 1 in middle of cell an.

Thorax. Dorsocentrals 25 including 3 humerals; acrostichals 4; scutellum with 13 setae. Prealars with 6 setae.

Legs ( Figure 3C ). Terminal scale ( Figure 3D ) of front tibia pointed, 42 µm long. Spur on median tibia 50 µm long, comb including 14 lateral teeth; un-spurred comb including 20 lateral teeth; spur on posterior tibia 50 µm long, comb including 9 lateral teeth, un-spurred comb including 28 lateral teeth. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs as in Table 2.

Fe Ti Ta1 Ta2 Ta3 Ta4

P1 840 570

P2 890 685 400 230 150 100 P3 990 840 600 360 275 180

Ta 5 W. Ti BR LR BV SV

P1 42

P2 65 42 4.84 0.58 3.62 3.94 P3 100 45 5.57 1.11 2.33 2.55 Hypopygium ( Figures 3E–G ). Anal tergite with 13 median setae, laterosternite with 4 setae. Anal point lanceolate, 65 µm long, with weak lateral projections, one pair of triangle projection on posterior portion and apically round point. Transverse sternapodeme 50 µm long, 7.5 µm wide. Superior volsella ( Figure 3G ) pad-like, 57 µm long, 20 µm wide, covered with microtrichia and with 2 strong apical outer setae, 4 inner strong setae from middle to apical. Inferior volsella slender, 125 µm long with 9 strong setae. Gonostylus 135 µm long with 6 strong setae along distal inner margin. HR 0.88; HV 1.90.

Female and immature unknown.

Remarks. The structure of hypopygium of the new species resembles to that of P. (T.) decematogttatum Tokunaga, 1938 , P. (T.) griseoguttatum Kieffer, 1921 , P. (T.) tobanona Kikuchi & Sasa, 1990 and P. (T.) tetracrenatum Hirvenoja, 1962 , but can be distinguished by its unique wing patterns with 5 spots and ringed legs.

In addition, the COI sequence of holotype was blasted using the identification function in BOLD on Oct 22, 2016, and returned with a NJ tree ( Figure 4 ) based on Kimura 2 Parameter distance model. Obviously, the species formed a distinct clade, and supported it differentiated from barcoded Polypedilum species.

Distribution. The species is known from the type locality, Jianfengling National reserve, Hainan Island, China, which is the largest and the best preserved tropical original forest in China. The specimen was collected in a light trap situated close to Tianchi Lake, 800 meters above sea level, which is the largest Alpine Lake in the tropical rain forest of China.

Figures

FIGURE 3 A – G P. (T.) jianfengense Song & Wang sp. n. Body in dorsal view; B—Wing; C—Legs; D—Scale of front tibia; E—Dorsal view of hypopygium; F—Ventral view of hypopygium; G—Superior volsella.

FIGURE 4. Neighbor joining Kimura 2 parameter sub-tree generated from BOLD, scale represents K 2 P genetic distance.