Cheylostigmaeus tarae Khanjani

Khanjani, Mohammad, Nasrollahi, Siamak, Zamani, Ali Sina & Fayaz, Bahman Asali, 2014, Cheylostigmaeus tarae sp. nov. and Stigmaeus delaramae sp. nov. (Acari: Stigmaeidae) from Kurdistan, Iran, Zootaxa 3841 (3), pp. 364-378 : 365-371

Cheylostigmaeus tarae Khanjani sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–20 )

Diagnosis (Male). Setae ve, c2 and dorsal setae on legs not sheathed distally; ratio h1 / h1–h1 1.0–1.20; genu II with one solenidion (k); rostrum without lateral lamellae or projection.

Description. MALE (n = 4)— Holotype: Color in life red. Idiosoma broad oval. Length of body including gnathosoma 420 (410–425), excluding gnathosoma 280 (260–280); width 190 (180–195).

Dorsum ( Figs. 1–2 ). Dorsum covered with three smooth shields (prodorsal, opisthosoma and suranal); a pair of triangular smooth humeral shields located ventrolaterally between coxae II–III, with a pair of pointed, unsheathed, finely ciliated setae (c2). Prodorsal shield bears four pairs of setae (vi, ve, sci, sce) and a pair of eyes 13 (12) in diameter ( Fig. 1 ); opisthosomal shield with six pairs of setae (c1, d1, d2, e1, e2, f1) and suranal shield with two pairs (h1, h2). All dorsal setae sheathed distally (except ve, c2, h1, h2) and with few cilia ( Figs. 1–2 ). Length of dorsal seate: vi 30 (28–31), ve 40 (42–49), sci 30 (29–30), sce 37 (39–40), c1 30 (30–31), c2 36 (35–37), d1 30 (31–36), d2 32 (35–38), e1 30 (30–33), e2 35 (36–40), f1 48 (50), h1 30 (25–28), h2 38 (36–44). Distances between dorsal setae: vi– vi 30 (32), ve–ve 68 (66–70), vi–ve 40 (37–40), sci–sci 110 (109 – 113), sce–sce 130 (125 – 130), sci–sce 13(10–13), ve–sci 30 (28–30), sce–c2 50 (35–40), sce–c1 40 (40–45), c1–c1 52 (56–62), c2–c2 175 (180–195), c1–d1 44 (42–44), d1–d1 65 (62–70), d1–d2 42 (40–50), d1– e1 44 (40–44), d1– e2 25 (26–30), d2– e2 50 (48–50), d2–d2 140 (125–135), e1– e1 60 (60–63), e1–f1 28 (25–30), f1–f1 45 (52–55), f1–h1 35 (30–40), h1–h1 25 (25–28), h1–h2 14 (15–20), e2– e2 95 (100–105), f1–h2 40 (33–50), h2–h2 52 (58–60); vi/vi–vi 1.0 (0.875–0.968), c1 / c1–c1 0.577 (0.50–0.535), d1 / d1–d1 0.46 (0.5–0.51), e1 / e1– e1 0.50 (0.50–0.52), f1 / f1–f1 1.06 (0.90–0.96), h1 / h1–h1 1.20 (1.0), h2/ h2–h2 0.73 (0.62–0.73). c1–c1: d1–d1: e1–e1: f1–f1: 1.15 (1.07–1.12): 1.44 (1.19–1.27): 1.33 (1.14–1.15): 1.0 (1.0).

Dorsum with three pairs of pseudanal setae (ps1–3): ps1 13 (11–15), ps2 10 (5–8), ps3 3 (3–4), setae ps1 almost three times as long as setae ps3 and two times as long as ps2; ps2–3 peg-like and set on tubercles ( Fig. 1 ). Distances: ps1–ps1 25 (25–30), ps1–ps2 5 and ps2–ps3 7 (5–8).

Gnathosoma ( Figs. 3–4 ). Finely punctate, length 208 (178–278), palpi five segmented. Palp femur with three setae; palp genu with two setae, palp tibia with two simple setae, one developed claw 24 (20–25) and an accessary claw 5 long; palp tarsus with five simple setae, a tridentate eupathidion and a solenidion; length of palp tarsus solenidion 7 (5–8). Chelicera 70 (68–73), movable digit 65 (55–68) ( Fig. 4 ). Subcapitular setae m 22 (20–26), n 18 (18–20); adoral setae or1 13 (12–15), or2 20 (18–20); m–m 20 (20–22), n–n 25 (25–27); m–n 22, or1–or2 12 (12–15), or2–or2 17 (15–20), or1–m 20, or2–m 16 (17). Palp coxa with one elcp seta 4 (5) ( Fig. 3 ).

Venter ( Fig. 5 ). Coxisternal shields smooth, separate between coxae II–III and coxae III–IV, genital region with transverse striae ( Fig. 5 ). Length of setae la 24 (22–25), 1b 23 (22–25), 1c 27 (30–31), 2b 22 (20–22), 2c 22 (24–25), 3a 25 (25–27), 3b 22 (18–22), 3c 20 (22), 4a 20, 4b 20 and 4c 20 (20–22). Ano-genital area smooth, with three pairs of genital setae (ag1–3). Length and distances of aggenital setae: ag1 18 (18–20), ag2 20, ag3 25 (25–28); ag1–ag1 22 (20–25), ag2–ag2 30 (30–35), ag3–ag3 48 (45–50); ag1–ag2 20 (20–22), ag2–ag3 35 (30–35).

Aedeagus ( Fig. 6 ). Elongate, sclerotized, length 85 (90–95), calyx cup-shaped, 30 (30–35) long, 15 (15–19) wide at opening; genitalia bulb–like and inflated, width 20 (18–19), unciform appendages (unci. app.) blade like, divergent, curved posteriorly; a pair of pointed appendages between bulb and unciform appendages directed anteriorly; forcipiform appendages (forc. app.) blade like and directed posteriorly near anal region ( Fig. 6 ).

Legs ( Figs. 7–10 ). Leg I longest. Length of leg I 260 (250–270); leg II 195 (180–200); leg III 165 (145–155); leg IV 200 (190–200). Setal formulae of leg segments as follows: coxae 2+ elcp –2–2–2; trochanters 1–1–2–1; femora 6–5–3–2; genua 3+ κ –3+ κ –1–1; tibiae 5+(1φ, 1φρ)–5+1 φρ –5+1 φρ –5+1 φρ; tarsi 13+2 ω– 9+2 ω –7+2 ω –7+2 ω. Fastigial (ft'ζ, ft"ζ) and tectal setae (tc',ζ tc")ζ smooth, other setae serrated ( Figs. 7–10 ). Length of solenidia: I ω1 26 (28–30), I ω2 55 (50–52); II ω1 20 (20–22), II ω2 45 (40–42); III ω1 10 (7–8), III ω2 34 (35–38); IV ω1 5 (5–6), IV ω2 45 (35–40); I φρ 27 (23–25), I φ 10 (10–11), II φρ 22 (20), III φρ 20 (12–18), IV φρ 22 (15–21), II κ 7 (8–9), Coxa I with one elcp seta 4 (5).

FEMALE (n = 5) Paratypes: Color in life red. Idiosoma oval. Length of body including gnathosoma 550–559, excluding gnathosoma 355–370; width 270–290.

Dorsum ( Figs. 11–12 ). Dorsum covered with three almost smooth shields, except for prodorsum with few ovoid or irregular dimples medially. Prodorsal shield with four pairs of setae (vi, ve, sci, sce) and a pair of eyes 15–20 ( Fig. 11 ); opisthosomal shield bears six pairs of setae (c1, d1, d2, e1, e2, f1) and suranal shield with two pairs (h1, h2). All dorsal setae sheathed distally and contain few cilia ( Figs. 11–12 ). Humeral shields smooth and bearing setae c2 situated ventro-laterally between coxae II–III. Measurements of dorsal setae: vi 55 –70, ve 79–95, sci 52–70, sce 65–82, c1 55–70, c 2 60–75, d1 60–80, d2 65–80, e1 70 –83, e2 69 –80, f1 80–100, h1 52–70, h2 52–65; distances between dorsal setae: vi– vi 35–40, ve–ve 90–105, vi–ve 55–62, sci–sci 140–155, sce–sce 180–200, sci–sce 20–25, ve–sci 35–44, sce–c2 45–60, sce–c1 52–60, c1–c1 88–95, c1–d1 60–68, d1–d1 105–118, d1–d2 65–70, d1– e1 65–75, d2– e2 72–85, d2–d2 205–235, e1–e1 100–110, e2–e2 155–175, e1–f1 50–55, f1–f1 71–80, f1–h1 35–45, h1–h 1 28–35, h1–h 2 20–27, f1–h 2 30–40, d1– e2 37–45, h2–h2 80–95, vi/vi–vi 1.57–1.75, c1 / c1–c1 0.625–0.736, d1 / d1–d1 0.57–0.67, e1 / e1– e1 0.7–0.75, f1 / f1–f1 1.12–1.25, h1/h1–h1 1.85–2.0, h2/ h2–h2 0.65–0.68, h1/h2 1.0–1.07, c1–c1: d1–d1: e1–e1: f1–f1: 1.18–1.23: 1.47: 1.37–1.40:1.0–1.0.

Gnathosoma ( Figs. 13–14 ). Punctate; palpi five segmented, palp tarsus with five simple setae and one solenidion 8–10 long and a tridentate eupathidion distally; palp tibia with two setae and one well-developed claw and one accessary claw, 30–35 and 7–8 respectively; palp genu with one dorsal seta and one lateral seta; palp femur three setae ( Fig. 14 ). Chelicerae 90–100 as long as movable digit 89–95 ( Fig. 13 ). Subcapitular setae n 23–25; m 35–40, adoral setae or 1 18–20, or 2 29–35. Distances between setae: m–m 29–35, n–n 35–36, m–n 27–30, or1–or 1 15–18, or2–or 2 20–21, or1–m 28–32, or2–m 25–28, or1–or2 5–6. Palp coxa with one elcp setae 5–7 ( Fig. 14 ).

Venter ( Fig. 15 ). Ventral cuticle striated; transversely striate between coxisternae II–III; coxisternae I–II reticulated but III–IV smooth ( Fig. 15 ). Length of setae: 1a 30–35, 1b 30–35, 1c 45–50, 2b 31–37, 2c 30–37, 3a 35–38, 3b 27–30, 3c 30–35, 4a 30–35, 4b 30–35 and 4c 29–35. Ventral setae smooth, setae 1c longest. Ano-genital shield bearing three pairs of aggenital setae (ag1–3) and three pairs of pseudanal setae (ps1–3), between setae ag1–2 reticulated; measurements of setae: setae ag 1 23–30, ag 2 20–28, ag 3 25–28, ps 1 24–28, ps 2 25–26, ps3 30. Distances between setae: ag1–ag 1 28–40, ag2–ag2 52–60, ag3–ag3 55–62, ag1–ag 2 30–35, ag2–ag 3 20–25, ps1–ps 1 15–22, ps1–ps 2 10–12, ps2–ps 3 12–20, ps3–ps 3 20–28, ps2–ps 2 22–35.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 16 ). Pre-atrium inflated and bi-lobed laterally; post atrium fan-like; two articles each with long rod–like apodeme and extending over base of setae ps2 ( Fig. 16 ).

Legs ( Figs. 17–20 ). Length of leg I 358–375; leg II 255–270; leg III 220–245, leg IV 290–318; legs measurements are from coxa to pretarsus. Setal formulae of leg segments as follows (including the specialized sensory setae such as solenidia in parenthesis): coxae 2+1 elcp –2–2–2; trochanters 1–1–2–1; femora 6–5–3–2; genua 3+ κ –3+ κ –1–1; tibiae 5+(1 φ,1 φp)–5+1 φp –5+1 φp –5+1 φp; tarsi 13+1 ω– 9+1 ω –7+1 ω –7+1 ω. Leg setae with sheathed as follows: d on femur II–IV and l' on femur I, all genual setae except l' on genu II; setae d on tibiae III–IV ( Figs. 17–20 ). Length of solenidia: I ω 25–35, II ω 21–25, III ω 10–12, IV ω 5–9; I φρ 30–35, I φ 12–14, II φρ 25–30, III φρ 19–22, IV φρ 25–30, II κ 8–15. Coxa I with one elcp seta 5–7 ( Fig. 17 ).

Remarks. The new species closely resembles C. ferdowsii Khanjani et al. 2010 in having most leg and coxisternal setae smooth but it differs by: 1) ano–genital region of male smooth in the former but striated in the latter; 2) tarsi I with 13(2 ω) vs. 11(2 ω); 3) dorsal setae ve and h1–2 without sheath distally in the former opposed to with sheath in the latter; 4) vi 28–31, sci 29–30, c 1 30–31, f1 48–50 vs vi 45 –48, sci 44–48, c1 41–55, f1 65–69. Furthermore the new species is similar to C. gharekhanii Navaei-Bonab et al. 2011 in having the same leg chaetotaxy, smooth coxisternal shields and shape of aedeagus in male but it differs by: 1) dorsal setae ve, c2, h1–2 without sheath distally in the former but with sheath distally in the latter; 2) coxisternal shield and between aggenital setae (ag1–2) in female with incomplete polygonal reticulation in the new species whereas smooth in C. gharekhanii ; 3) prodorsal shield of female with few ovoid or irregular dimples medially in the new species opposed to smooth in C. gharekhanii ; 4) genua I–II in female with 3 and 2 sheathed setae respectively in new species but genua I–II with 1 sheathed seta each in C. gharekhanii ; 5) femora and genua I, IV and femur II without sheathed setae in former opposed to with sheathed setae in C. gharekhanii .

The new species is also similar to C. mahvashae Khanjani et al. 2013 in having the same leg chaetotaxy, and dorsal and ventral patterns, but differs by: 1) dorsal setae ve and c2 without sheath distally in the former but sheathed distally in the latter; 2) dorsal setae shorter than in C. mahvashae (e.g., vi 28 – 31 versus vi 48 – 53); 3) distances between dorsal setae less than in C. mahvashae (e.g., ve–ve 66-70, f1–h 1 30 – 40 versus ve–ve 84 – 92, f1–h1 61 – 72).

Furthermore the new species closely resembles C. guilaniensis Hajizadeh et al., 2013 in having the same leg chaetotaxy, and dorsal and ventral patterns, but differs by: 1) humeral shields well developed in the former opposed to small in the latter; 2) dorsal setae ve, c2, h1 and h2 without sheath distally in new species but sheathed distally in C. guilaniensis ; 3) genu II with one solenidion (k) vs. absent in C. guilaniensis ; 4) dorsal setae shorter than those of C. guilaniensis .

Finally, the new species is similar to C. sepasgosariani Bagheri et al. 2014 in having the same leg chaetotaxy and smooth coxisternal shields but it differs from that: 1) dorsal setae ve, c2, h1 and h2 without sheath distally in new species but sheathed distally in C. sepasgosariani ; 2) a pair of pointed appendages anteriorly between the bulb and unciform appendages in the former species, which is absent in the later; 3) palp femur seta (d) short and not extending to the base of the tibial claw in C. tarae sp. nov. opposed to long and reaching to the base in C. sepasgosariani ; 4) rostrum without lateral lamellae in the new species but rostrum with wing-like lateral lamellae in C. sepasgosariani .

Etymology. The new species is named in honor of Mrs. Tara Nasroallahi, daughter of junior author.

Type material. All specimens (female and male), collected from soil and litter under pear trees, Pyrus communis L. ( Rosaceae ), Yaghob Abad village, Baneh vicinity, (36° 02' N, 45° 44' E and altitude 1475 m above sea level), Kurdistan Province, Iran, 27 ix 2013, S. Nasrollahi. The holotype male, two paratype male slides and four paratype female slides are deposited in the Collection of the Acarology Laboratory, University of Bu–Ali Sina, Hamadan, Iran and one paratype male and one allotype female will be deposited in the National Collection of Arachnida, Plant Protection Research, Pretoria, South Africa.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. Cheylostigmaeus tarae sp. nov. (Male): 1. Dorsal view; 2. Dorsal setae (vi, ve, c 1, c 2, d 1, f 1, h 1 & h 2); 3. Gnathosoma; 4. Chelicera; 5. Ventral view; 6. Aedeagus.

FIGURES 7 – 10. Cheylostigmaeus tarae sp. nov. (Male): 7. Leg I; 8. Leg II; 9. Leg III; 10. Leg IV.

FIGURES 11 – 16. Cheylostigmaeus tarae sp. nov. (Female): 11. Dorsal view; 12. Dorsal setae (vi, ve, sci, c 1, d 1, d 2, f 1, h 1 & h 2); 13. Chelicera; 14. Gnathosoma; 15. Ventral view; 16. Genital region.

FIGURES 17 – 20. Cheylostigmaeus tarae sp. nov. (Female): 17. Leg I; 18. Leg II; 19. Leg III; 20. Leg IV.