Croton heterodoxus Baillon (1864: 309)

Pereira, Amanda Da Paixão Noronha, Riina, Ricarda & Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi, 2022, Croton (Euphorbiaceae) of the Brazilian state of Paraná: an annotated checklist, species distribution, and identification key, Phytotaxa 570 (3), pp. 231-274 : 248

18. Croton heterodoxus Baillon (1864: 309) .

Lectotype (designated by Smith et al. 1988): — BRAZIL. São Paulo: s.loc., 1833, C. Gaudichaud-Beaupré 8 ( P 00623554 !) . Remaining syntype: — BRAZIL. São Paulo: “campos près des Jaquarihahiba”, 1816–1821, A. Saint-Hilaire C2 1443 (P 00623555!). ( Fig. 11 , A–E)

Croton heterodoxus is a subshrub that can be recognized by its lanose indumentum, densely congested inflorescences, and stipules, bracts and pistillate sepals with stipitate glands (colleters) along the margin. The species is a member of section Barhamia subsect. Medea ( van Ee et al. 2011) .

Distribution and habitat:— It occurs in Uruguay and Brazil (PR,SC, SP) ( Smith et al. 1988, Caruzo et al. 2020), growing in open vegetation (‘campos limpos’ and ‘campos sujos’), also common in Campos Gerais in Paraná, between 840 and 1040 m elevation. ( Fig. 10 )

Phenology:— Flowering from August to March, and fruiting from March, August, October and December.

Representative specimens:— PARANÁ: Jaguariaíva, Fazenda Chapadão , 19 August 2010, E . Barbosa , J . Cordeiro , L . von Lessing & E. F . Costa 2672 ( MBM, RB). Palmeira, próximo ao Haras Valente, 04 February 1999, G . Hatschbach & S. R . Ziller 68956 ( MBM). Ponta Grossa, PARNA Campos Gerais, Furnas Gêmeas , 12 November 2015, A. P. N . Pereira e R. F . Santos 05 ( SP). São Jerônimo da Serra, Fazenda Nho O, 26 September 1970, G . Hatschbach & O . Guimarães 24795 ( MBM). Sengés, Rio Itararé , 15 June 1971, G . Hatschbach 26731 ( MBM) .

Figures

FIGURE 10. Map showing the known geographic distributions of Croton grandivelus, C. heterodoxus, C. ichthygaster, and C. lanatus in Paraná state.

FIGURE 11. Croton heterodoxus. A. Habit. B. Glandular stipules. C. Densely congested inflorescence, with staminate flowers beginning to open. D. Inflorescence with open pistillate flowers. E. Staminate flower at anthesis, visited by beetles. C. ichthygaster. F. Habit. G. Leaves showing a sessile basilaminar nectary glands being visited by antes. H. Inflorescence. I. Pistillate flowers. J. Capsules. C. lanatus. K. Sessile basilaminar nectary glands. L. Pistillate flowers. M. Pistillate flower and capsule; arrow points toa nectary gland associated with a bract. Photos: A.P.N. Pereira.