Tetralicia ornata ( Drews & Sampson, 1958 )

Ellenrieder, Natalia Von & Gill, Raymond J., 2024, The genus Tetralicia Harrison (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) in California, U. S. A., with the description of five new species and a redescription of Tetralicia granulata Sampson & Drews, 1941, Zootaxa 5527 (1), pp. 1-129 : 49-50

Tetralicia ornata ( Drews & Sampson, 1958)

Figs 25, 26 , 176–186

Aleuropleurocelus ornatus Drews & Sampson, 1958: 121 ; Mound & Halsey 1978: 60.

Tetralicia ornata : Valencia & Evans 2024: 221 .

Material examined. 171 puparia: U.S.A., California; 169 slide mounted: 3, W.M. Yothers coll. [ USNM]; San Bernardino County: Neotype (here designated; puparium circled with red on slide), Mentone, on Eriodictyon trichocalyx , #9 [ex W.W. Sampson Coll, CSCA] ; 45, same data [ex W.W. Sampson Coll, CSCA]; 3, same data but on Eriodictyon californicum [ex W.W. Sampson Coll, CSCA]; 12, same data but on Eriodictyon sp. , 12.v.1983, J. La Salle coll. [ CSCA]; 5, 4 mi east of Mentone, 12.v.1983, Arakawa & La Salle coll. [ CSCA]; 3, Highland, on yerba santa, 22.viii.1974, Wright & Sanchez coll. [ CSCA]; 3, E Highland, on Eriodictyon californicum , 11.xii.1957, Laird coll. [ USNM]; 34, Cucamonga, on yerba santa, 23.ii.1931 [ CSCA]; Stanislaus County: 1, Del Puerto Canyon, on Eriodictyon , 29.iii.1995, B. Campell & R.J. Gill coll. [ CSCA]. Nevada, Clark County: 3, Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area, Sand Stone Quarry, 36°9.79' N, 115°27.01' W, on Eriodictyon , 19.viii.2008, J. Dooley coll. [ CSCA]. 2 dry mounted: San Bernardino County, Mentone, on Eriodictyon californicum [ex W.W. Sampson Coll., CSCA].

Hosts. Boraginaceae : Yerba santa ( Eriodictyon californicum , E. trichocalyx , Eriodictyon sp. ).

Characterization.

Field Characteristics. Pupal case broadly oval, jet black ( Figs 25, 26 ). Puparia with a small ring of fragmentary, striated white wax around true margin not reaching apparent margin ( Fig. 26 ); dorsum of mature puparia with two pairs of longitudinal white wax bands, a narrow band along each dorsal submargin and a broader band on the submedial area on each side ( Fig. 25 ).

Slide-mounted characters. TMS ending at apparent margin, lined with tubercles medially ( Figs 176 , 177 ); longitudinal molting suture lined with tubercles from TMS to level of mouthparts or head submargin; eyespots absent; Ce setae absent; T2 and T3 setae present, T3 setae arising well behind anterior margin of metanotum ( Figs 176 , 177 ); medial area with anterolateral depressions on abdomen insinuated to moderately developed, usually with a row of large tubercles along margins of T2/T3 suture and across anterior margin of each A1–A7 ( Figs 176 , 182 ), with pores and microsetae on each side of submedial area of head (4), T2 (2–3), T3 (0–3), A1 (2), A2 (0), A3 (2), A4 (0–2), A5 (2), A6 (0–2), A7 (2), and A8 (2); lateral areas of dorsal disc with variable number of large tubercles, with pores and microsetae between dorsal disc and submargin ( Fig. 178 ); dorsal submargin with transverse double rows of small crescent-shaped imbrications ( Fig. 178 ); deflexed submargin with a few pores on head and caudal abdomen ( Figs 179 , 185 ), with uniformly distributed granulations along its entire width ( Figs 179 , 185 ); marginal glandular teeth subquadragular with tips smoothly rounded, toothed or serrate; VO subrectangular, inset from posterior margin by about its own length or less ( Figs 183–186 ); operculum cordate, its dorsal surface with longitudinal wavy ridges branching distally, with microspinulae across distal third to fourth; lingula concealed by operculum; VO ring subrectangular to subquadrate and narrow ( Figs 183–186 ), with dorsal setae of A8 arising on its anterior margin, anterior to operculum anterior margin ( Figs 183–186 ); with four membranous ventral sacs medially to bases of mesothoracic and metathoracic legs ( Fig. 180 ), although in a few cases posterior pair is not visible; bases of caudal setae close together, at level of operculum lateral margins ( Figs 183–186 ); venter smooth except for groups of spinulae medially to leg bases ( Fig. 180 ).

Measurements (values of neotype in square brackets). Puparium length: 752 ± 81 [766]; maximum width (at level of TMS): 491 ± 52 [504]; length/maximum width: 1.5 ± 0.1 [1.5]; width at level of anterior margin of operculum: 271 ± 30 [310]; maximum width/width at anterior margin of operculum: 1.8 ± 0.1 [1.6]; deflexed submargin/body radius: 0.5 ± 0.1 [0.4]; Ce setae: absent [absent]; T2 setae: 5 [missing]; T3 setae: 5 [missing]; dorsal A8 setae: 10 [missing]; caudal setae: 45 ± 7 [38]; anterior marginal setae: 7 [not visible]; posterior marginal setae: 13 ± 0.9 [not visible]; ventral A8 setae:14 ± 3 [not visible]; VO ring length: 64 ± 5 [63]; VO ring width: 59 ± 7 [56]; VO ring length/width: 1.1 ± 0.1 [1.1]; caudal seta/VO ring length: 0.7 ± 0.1 [0.6]; caudal seta/operculum length: 1.2 ± 0.2 [1]; VO length: 42 ± 5 [40]; VO width: 40 ± 5 [44]; VO length/width: 1.1 ± 0.1 [0.9]; operculum length: 39 ± 5 [39]; operculum/VO length: 0.9 ± 0.05 [1] (see Table 1 for ranges).

Similar species. Wax pattern of mature puparium ( Fig. 25 ) resembles that of T. eriogonum ; however, in the latter species there is only one pair of dorsal longitudinal wax bands ( Fig. 8 ). Slide mounted puparia are most similar to T. ceanothi and T. sierrae .

Diagnosis. See under T. ceanothi for a diagnosis from that species. It differs from T. sierrae by its more elongate puparium ( Fig. 176 ) with maximum width at level of transverse arm of TMS [maximum width at level of A 2 in T. sierrae ; Figs 201 , 202 ], presence of distinct tubercles across anteromedial section of A1–A7 ( Figs 176 , 182 ), and presence of granulations on deflexed margin ( Figs 179 , 185 ) [both absent in T. sierrae ; Figs 201 , 202 , 205, 206 ].

Remarks. The original description of T. ornata ( Drews & Sampson 1958) did not include a type designation, number of type specimens and type depository were not indicated, and only a “Type locality” was given: “three miles east of Mentone, San Bernardino County, California. Collected October 3, 1953, by E.A. Drews.” No specimens matching these data were located in any major California collection nor among the portion of W.W. Sampson's collection that was donated to CSCA, and we believe that its type series is lost. To ensure the nomenclatorial stability of the name we consider it necessary to designate a neotype from among specimens from W.W. Sampson's ex collection collected at or near its type locality with the following label data: San Bernardino County, Mentone, on Eriodictyon trichocalyx , #9 [ex W.W. Sampson Coll, CSCA], which is here illustrated ( Figs 176 , 182 , 183, 185 ) and measured (see under Measurements).

Drews & Sampson description of this species stated “(1958: 122) marginal band and entire median area with large, thick-walled wax pores…” The structures they referred to as pores are however just tubercles, sometimes appearing to be C-shaped (e. g., Figs 176 , 182 ). In the key in Valencia & Evans (2024: 210) this species is treated as having three pairs of setae on mesothorax and two on metathorax, versus one pair in T. laingi . However, both species have one pair of T2 and T3 setae only, and a few microsetae (not always discernible from pores) on these segments.

Biology. Present mostly on lower surfaces of host leaves, and much more abundant in small plants than in older plants according to Drews & Sampson (1958).

Distribution. San Bernardino and Stanislaus Counties in California and Nevada.

Figures

FIGURE 176. Tetralicia ornata, Neotype: Habitus.

FIGURE 201. Tetralicia sierrae, Paratype?: Habitus.

FIGURE 202. Tetralicia sierrae, Paratype?: Habitus.

FIGURES 25–28. Puparia of Tetralicia in situ: 25, 26: T. ornata, San Bernardino Co., Mentone, on Eriodictyon californicum, 25: dorsal view, 26: dorsolateral view; 27, 28: T. salsolae sp. nov., Imperial Co., Ocotillo, on Ambrosia salsola, 27: dorsal view, 28: dorsolateral view. Figs 25, 26 by N. von Ellenrieder & R.W. Garrison, 28 by R.J. Gill.

FIGURES 177–182. Tetralicia ornata: 177: San Bernardino Co., Highland, on yerba santa; 178, 182: Neotype; 179–181: San Bernardino Co., 4 mi E of Mentone. 177: Cephalothorax, dorsal disc; 178: Detail of dorsal submargin; 179: Detail of deflexed submargin; 180: Venter T2 and T3; 181: Detail of A1–A3 dorsal disc and submargin; 182: Detail of A3–A7 dorsal disc.

FIGURES 183–186. Tetralicia ornata, caudal end of puparium, dorsal view. 183, 185: Neotype; 184: San Bernardino Co., Mentone, Eriodictyon; 186: San Bernardino Co., 4 mi E of Mentone.

FIGURES 5–8. Puparia of Tetralicia in situ: 5: T. ceanothi, San Bernardino Co., Mountain Home Village, Mill Creek. 6: T. ceanothi, San Joaquin Co., Lake Camanche, on Arctostaphylos; 7: T. coachellensis, Riverside Co., Coachella, on arrowwood; 8: T. eriogonum, San Joaquin Co., 7 mi SW of Tracy, on Eriogonum; Figs 5, 6, 8 by R.J. Gill, 7 by N. von Ellenrieder & R.W. Garrison.

FIGURES 203–209. Tetralicia sierrae: 203, 205, 207, 208: Paratypes?; 204, 206, 209: Mariposa Co., between Crow and Signal Peaks, on Ceanothus parvifolius. 203: Cephalothoracic dorsal disc and submargin; 204: Venter T2 and T3; 205: Dorsal disc and submargin of abdomen; 206: Detail of deflexed submargin; 207, 208: Caudal end of abdomen, dorsal view; 209: Caudal end of abdomen, ventral view.