Cylapus, Say, 1832

Wolski, Andrzej, 2021, Revised classification of the New World Cylapini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae): taxonomic review of the genera Cylapinus, Cylapoides and Peltidocylapus and a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of tribe Cylapini, Zootaxa 5074 (1), pp. 1-66 : 28

Cylapus complex

Cylapus complex: Carvalho & Fontes, 1968: 273; Gorczyca 2006a: 12.

Diagnosis. The Cylapus complex is easily recognized by the following characters: dorsum densely punctuate ( Figs 4–6; 9a, 10a, 11g, m); frons flattened, vertical, perpendicular to vertex ( Figs 7d, e, 8c–h, 9a, 11n); vertex strongly depressed along midline, V–shaped in anterior view ( Figs 8c–h, 9g); antennal fossae situated well above the suture between maxillary and mandibular plates ( Figs 8c–h, 9g); clypeal base strongly removed from ventral margin of eyes ( Figs 8c–h, 9g); suture separating maxillary and mandibular plates curved, strongly depressed, long, reaching antennal fossae ( Figs 9a, g; Wolski 2017: figs 9, 123; Wolski et al. 2020: figs 28, 31); eyes strongly pedunculate (8c–h, 9g); aedeagus with ductus seminis relatively broad and short, secondary gonopore with microsculpture ( Figs 12j, p, 13a, g, m, 14a, f, l, r; Wolski 2017: figs 18, 66, 71; Wolski et al. 2020: figs 40, 48); bursa copulatrix voluminous, anterior margin distinctly removed from first gonapophyses ( Figs 15a, b, 16a, d, g, j, 17c, g, j, 18b, 19a, d; Wolski et al. 2020: figs 61, 66); ventral labiate plate broad, with more or less developed sclerotized portion medially ( Figs 15c, 16c, f, i, 17e, i, m, 18d, 19c); vestibulum with well-developed sclerite, adjacent to base of first gonapophysis ( Figs 20a, d–h).

Remarks. Carvalho & Fontes (1968) proposed establishing the Cylapus complex for the taxa currently included in the New World genera Amapacylapus , Cylapus , Peltidocylapus , and Valdasus . The results of the current phylogenetic analysis, revealing a strongly supported grouping of those genera, fully justifies the recognition of Cylapus complex. The New World genera Microcylapus Carvalho , Valdasoides Carvalho , and Duckecylapus Carvalho were not included in the present analysis due to lack of specimens, and it’s therefore difficult to indicate whether they belong to the Cylapus complex in this phylogenetic analysis. The placement of Microcylapus within the group is doubtful, as it possesses an impunctate body ( Carvalho 1989). Based on the shared characters such as the punctate dorsum, pedunculated eye, distinct longitudinal depression on vertex or long antennae occurring in the genera Valdasoides Carvalho and Duckecylapus Carvalho (Carvalho 1982, 1989), it can be hypothesized that they may belong to the Cylapus complex. However, this placement remains uncertain until the structure of the thoracic pleura and male and female genitalia are thoroughly examined. Therefore, the Cylapus complex as defined herein is composed of the genera Amapacylapus , Cylapus , Peltidocylapus , and Valdasus ( Tab. 2). Due to the limited access to the material, some species currently belonging to the genera Amapacylapus and Cylapus could not be carefully studied, and their generic placement remains uncertain ( Wolski 2017). This is also the case for the genus Peltidocylapus (see below).