Eutypella citricola Speg., Anales

Mehrabi, Mehdi, Hemmati, Roghayeh, Vasilyeva, Larissa N. & Trouillas, Florent P., 2016, Diatrypella macrospora sp. nov. and new records of diatrypaceous fungi from Iran, Phytotaxa 252 (1), pp. 43-55 : 49-51

Eutypella citricola Speg., Anales del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires 6: 245, 1898. Fig. 4

Saprobic on dead branch. Sexual morph: Stromata immersed in the bark of dead branches (1 cm diam), in pustules scattered; 6–25 perithecial arranged in a stromata, rarely single, delineated with black line, 0.5–1.5 mm diam, stromatal aggregations widely effused over branches; perithecia surrounded by white, powdery entostroma, sometimes compressed with others, black, circinately arranged, 300–500 μm diam, ostioles raising and piercing the periderm, rarly with elongated clusters of perithecial necks, about 100–300μm long, 3–6 sulcate. Asci octospori, clavate, 50–80 (–90) × 6–8 μm,. Ascospores allantoid, sometimes semicircular, with an oil droplet at each end, subhyaline, yellow in mass, aseptate, 7–11(–12) × 1.7–2.3 μm. Paraphyses were elongate, filiform. Asexual morph: Conidia have been observed on the surface of Petri-dish in light yellow mass, filiform, (11−)13–20(−23)×1–1.2 μm.

Cultural characteristics:—Colonies with abundant aerial mycelia reaching the lid of Petri-dishes, irregular, cottony, forming numerous olivaceous black (27 ,,,, m) dots of melanized mycelium spread across the media, white on PDA and whitish to primrose (23 ,, b) at the reverse after 2 weeks in the dark at 24 °C, after 4wk turning olivaceous black (27 ,,,, m), beginning from the center of the colony, covering 75 mm Petri-dish after 5 days at 24°C.

Specimen examined:— IRAN, Guilan Province, Masal County, on dead branches of probably Salix sp. , 5 August 2014, M. Mehrabi, GNS46 ( IRAN 16682F, IRAN 2349C)

Notes:—This taxon was described by Trouillas et al. (2011) from a specimen collected in Australia. The specimen studied here fits with the description of Trouillas et al. (2011) and its pathogenicity to grapevine has been confirmed ( Pitt et al. 2013). The phylogenetic analyses of the ITS sequences confirmed the morphological identification (bootstrape value= 99% in MP and 99% in NJ, Fig. 1 ). This is the first report from Iran and raises concerns for plant health.

Peroneutypa scoparia (Schwein.) Carmarán & A.I. Romero , in Carmarán, Romero & Giussani, Fungal Diversity Res. Ser. 23: 84 (2006). Fig. 5

Basionym: Sphaeria scoparia Schwein., Schr. naturf. Ges. Leipzig 1: 37 (1822).

Synonym: see Mycologica Helvetica 2: 285–648 (1987).

Saprobic on decaying wood. Sexual morph: Stromata in the bark or wood of dead branches (1.5 cm diam), numerous, densely aggregated, erumpent from bark, 0.5–2 mm diam., surrounded by a thin, black stratum, with a black line on horizontal section. Perithecia 5–25 in a stroma, globose, about 300–600 μm diam., black inside, with elongated clusters of perithecial beaks, about 0.2–1 mm long. Asci clavate, crowded, 20–33(–40) × 3.5–4(–4.7) μm. Ascospores allantoid, minute, strongly curved, hyaline, 3–4.5 × 1 μm, with a oil droplet in each end. Paraphyses were elongate, filiform. Asexual morph: Conidia have been observed on the surface of Petri-dish, infrequent, filiform, (9–) 10–14 (–16) × 1–1.5 μm.

Cultural characteristics:—Colonies circular with regular margin, white on PDA with a smoke gray (21 ,,,, f) central part, cottony, reverse primrose (23 ,, b) and olivaceous black(27 ,,,, m) in the middle after 2 wk in the dark at 24 °C, covering 75 mm Petri-dish after 6 days at 24°C

Specimen examined:— IRAN, Guilan Province, Rezvanshahr County, on dead branches of Gledischia sp. , 5 August 2014, M. Mehrabi, GNG35 ( IRAN 16684F, IRAN 2345C).

Notes:— Berlese (1968) erected the genus Peroneutypa for fungi with small, clavate asci and perithecia with long necks. This genus was resurrected by Carmarán et al. (2006) based on ascus morphology and other morphological characters. The Iranian material examined is in agreement with the description of Peroneutypa scoparia by Ellis & Everharts (1892) and Vasilyeva & Stephenson (2005). To our knowledge, the host genus Gledischia is reported as a new substrate for this species. Our isolate appears to be closely related to P. scoparia based on DNA phylogenies (bootstrap value = 99% in MP and 99% in NJ, Fig. 1 ). This species is reported from Iran for the first time.

Figures

FIGURE 1. One of the 48 most parsimonious trees obtained from the ITS sequence data. MP/NJ Bootstrap support values from 1000 replicates higher than 50% are reported at the nodes.The original strain numbers are noted after the species names. The ex-type strains are in bold. The new sequences obtained in this study are indicated in highlight.

FIGURE 4. Eutypella citricola From possible Salix sp., (1) Habit of ascostromata on bark (inset: close-up of sulcate ostioles) (2) Longitudinal section through the ascoma shows globose perithecia surrounded in white entostroma. (3) Ascus with ascocpores (4) Ascospores (5) Conidia (6) Colony morphology on PDA.—Bars 1 = 1 mm. 2 = 500 μm. 3,4,5= 10 μm.

FIGURE 5. Peroneutypa scoparia from Gledischia sp. (1) Habit of ascostromata on bark. (2) Longitudinal section through the stroma shows ostiolar necks and perithecia (3) Ascus with ascocpores (4) Ascospores (5) Conidia (6) Colony morphology on PDA.—Bars 1 = 1 mm. 2 = 500 μm. 3,4,5= 10 μm.