Aglaonema simplex Blume

Wong, Sin Yeng & Joling, Jyloerica, 2021, Checklist of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Sabah (Malaysian Borneo), Check List 17 (3), pp. 931-974 : 937-939

Aglaonema simplex Blume

Material examined. MALAYSIA – Pendalaman • Beaufort , mile 62 ¾ rail-line; [05°19′07″N, 115°47′50″E]; 22 March 1962; George Mikil, SAN 34539 ( SAN) • Pensiangan, Batu Urud, on shaded limestone rocks;

04°46′04″N, 116°38′05″E; 9.144 m (30 ft.) elev.; 20 May 1997; Kiew RK 4464 ( SAN) • Pensiangan , Pensiangan Utara Sub District , Kampung Pun Batu, Bukit Pun Batu; 04°47′30″N, 116°11′33″E; 609.6 m (2000 ft.) elev.; 24 Oc- tober 1996; Lim S. P. et al., LSP 1522 ( SAN) • Sipitang , Mile 22, Masapol Forest Reserve; 05°10′29″N, 117°09′13″E; 60.96 m (200 ft.) elev.; 20 March 1966; Francis Sadau SAN 50333 ( SAN) • Sipitang , Ulu Meligan Forest Reserve, South-East Meligan Forest Reserve, 04°34′26″N, 115°37′22″E; 1570 m elev.; 9 April 2002; Lim S. P., Postar M. & Petrus B., SAN 145430 ( SAN) • Tambunan , Rafflesia Forest Reserve, trail behind the ar- boretum garden, lower montane forest; 05°46′42″N, 116°20′28″E; 1249 m elev.; 13 May 2011; Suzana et al., SAN 153703 ( SAN) – Pantai Barat • Ranau , Mount Kinabalu, Dallas, [06°05′30″N, 116°32′45″E]; 1524m elev.; 25 October 1931; Clemens & Clemens 26820 (L) • same locality; 1524 m elev.; 3 March 1932; Clemens & Clemens 29133 (L) • Ranau , Sungai Pandiruan west of Kg. Pinawantai, [06°09′44″N, 116°45′06″E]; 548.64 m elev.; 10 May 1973; G. Shea & Aban, SAN 76893 ( SAN) • Ranau , Penibukan ( Bahandaoi ), Sungai Tahubang, Forest; [06°00′15″N, 116°33′00.0″E]; 1000 m elev.; 11 March 1970; Nooteboom & Aban HP 1544 ( SAN) – Kudat • Banggi Island , Sabor; [07°13′59″N, 117°13′04″E]; 121.92 m (400 ft.) elev.; 27 August 1964; Ampuria SAN 42149 ( SAN); about 1 ½ miles south-east of Kampung Bawing on Bengkoka Peninsula, [06°35′03″N, 117°01′06″E; 60.96 m (200 ft.) elev.; 12 September 1972]; G. Shea & Minjulu SAN 76095 ( SAN) – Sandakan • Beluran , Bidu-bidu Forest Reserve, Bangau-bangau River, along the Bangau- Bangau River; 05°49′17.2″N, 117°22′19″E; 27 March 2009; Suzana et al., SAN 150035 ( SAN) • Beluran , Botitian Forest Reserve, primary forest, 06°00′51″N, 117°19′39″E; 44 m elev.; 21 February 2014; Nur Adillah et al., SAN 156339 ( SAN) • same locality; 55 m elev.; 21 February 2014; Nur Adillah, Aloysius & Tawadong SAN 156328 ( SAN) • Beluran , Bukit Lumisir, primary forest; 05°40′38″N, 117°11′48″E; 2 February 1982; Abd. Rahim et al., SAN 92968 ( SAN) • Beluran , Karamuak, Mount Tawai Forest Reserve, primary forest, hill side; 05°33′38″N, 117°08′58″E; 137.16 m (450 ft.) elev.; 27 July 1978; Diwol S. & Alexius M. SAN 88687 ( SAN) • Beluran , Sapi Forest Reserve, Sungai Munyed, logged over area; 05°44′05″N, 117°24′09″E; 14 March 1975; Leopold M. SAN 81469 ( SAN) • Beluran , Sugut, 4 miles South of Gunong Mabuak; 06°29′17″N, 117°07′47″E; 16 October 1975; P. F. Cockburn SAN 82520 ( SAN) • Kinabatangan , Penangah Forest Reserve , step of hill; 05°01′45″N, 116°43′14″E; 27 April 1987; Joseph & Donggop SAN 119085 ( SAN); Sepilok Forest Reserve, Mangrove Trail, lowland dipterorcarp forest; 05°49′36″N, 117°57′04″E; 60 m elev.; 6 September 2006; Diwol S. et al., SAN 110746 (K, L, KEP, SAN) • Kinabatangan , Sungai Imbak Forest Reserve, mixed dipterocarp forest across the Sungai Imbak, NE of base camp; 05°06′17″N, 117°02′18″E; 9 June 2000; J. T. Pereira, R. Nilus, Sidkan A., Postar M. et al., JTP 788 ( SAN) • Kinabatangan , Tabin Wildlife Reserve, 200m south of Kuala Burong, limestone hill; 05°50′N, 116°15′E; 40 m elev.; 26 October 2000; A. D. Poulsen, Ruth Kiew, Hj. Suleiman, Johan & Yesri, ADP 1707 ( AAU, BORH, K, KEP, SAN) • Sandakan , Gomantong; [05°31′52″N, 118°04′17″E]; 152.4 m (500 ft.) elev.; 14 February 1960; W. Meijer SAN 20758 ( SAN) • Sandakan , Kabili Forest Reserve , Bird Trail, ca. 500 m behind the Orang Utan Rehabilitation Centre Office; 04°35′03″N, 116°54′20″E; 15 April 2014; Suzana et al., SAN 156145 ( SAN) • Sandakan , Kebun Cina; 05°51′04″N, 118°03′47″E; 21 May 1990; W. Meijer SAN 111233 ( SAN) • Sandakan , Labuk Road, Labuk Road Mile 45, in primary forest; [05°41′57″N, 117°36′12″E]; 16 October 1965; A. Kanis SAN 53906 ( SAN) • same locality; 11 January 1965; J. Singh SAN 48413 ( SAN) • Sandakan , Segaliud Lokan , Labuk Road , Mile 45, Labuk Road; [06°N, 117°E]; 30.48 m (100 ft) elev.; 24 July 1964; W. Meijer SAN 44011 ( SAN) • Sandakan , Sepilok Forest Reserve, 14 miles west of Sandakan; 06°04′00″N, 116°27′00″E; 21 November 1986; P. C. Welzen 924 (L) • same locality; 4.572 m (15 ft.) m elev.; 13 August 1959, W. Meijer SAN 19732 ( SAN) • same locality, along Phenological Trail ; 19 December 1990; W. Meijer & Dewol SAN 131740 (L, AA, F, K, SAN) • same locality, along trail to Sepilok Laut ; 5 November 1980; Aban G. & M. Chang SAN 92735 ( SAN) • same locality, Cpt. 11 Near R.P. 19; 15.24 m (50 ft.) elev.; 6 January 1960; Parick Ping Sam SAN 20605 ( SAN) • same locality, Cpt. 14 Sepilok Forest Reserve, primary Dipterocarp forest; 9.144 m (10 ft.) elev.; 22 September 1963; W. Meijer SAN 39605 ( SAN) • same locaity; 50 m elev.; 5 June 1981; T. Sato, Diwol S. & Patrick L. SAN 93155 ( SAN) • same locality, Jalan Batu 15, Cpt. 12; 24 April 1970; Damin Rokiman SAN 61242 ( SAN) • same locality, 24 May 1982, Amin G. SAN 94587 ( SAN) • same locality; 17 January 1989; Kessler SAN 118161 ( SAN) • same locality; 23 April 1996; A. Hay et al. A. Hay 12149 ( SAN) • same locality, on ridge hill; 18.288 m (60 ft.) elev.; 16 April 1977; Kodoh T. SAN 83674 ( SAN) • same locality, Sample Plot 18, Compartment 4, in primary low dipterocarp forest; 30.48-60.96 m (100-200 ft.) elev.; 13 October 1965; A. Kanis SAN 53818 ( SAN) • Sandakan , same locality, Sample Plot 18, Compartment 4; 30.48-60.96 m (100-200 ft.) elev.; 13 October 1965; A. Kanis SAN 53819 (K, L, SAN) • same locality, Arboretum Sepilok , Arboretum trail; 17 December 1998; Pius G. et al., SAN 142860 ( SAN) • Sandakan ; 5°52′53″N, 117°56′51E; 27 m elev.; 18 August 2014; Klemme & Markus SAN 157307 ( SAN) • Tongod , Imbak Canyon Conservation Area , behind the camp near Sungai Kangkawat, along Sungai Kangkawat; 05°09′31″N, 116°55′35″E; 8 October 2018; Suzana et al., SAN 159599 ( SAN) • Tongod , Imbak Valley, eastern of base camp, lowland mixed dipterocarp forest; 05°10′29′′N, 117°09′13′′E; 76.2 m (250 ft.) elev.; 20 May 2004; Bernados SAN 145186 ( SAN) • Tongod , Lamag , Karamuak, Sungai Kunatong; [05°N, 115°45′E]; 91.44 m (300 ft.) elev.; 10 September 1973; Madani SAN 76335 ( SAN) • Tongod , Lamag , road trace from Kg Kurat to Karamuak; 05°N, 115°45′E; 26 June 1975; Donggop & Gombio SAN 81753 ( SAN) • Tongod , Pinangah, Imbak, Imbak river camp 1; 05°10′29″N, 117°09′13″E; 200 m elev.; 3 July 2000; de Wilde, Tajuddin & Postar SAN 143976 (K, NSW, SAN) • Tongod , Pinangah , Ulu Sungai Melikop , Mile 5 Lobou Road; 04°45′N, 116°30′E; 31 May 1985; Diwol & Langkop SAN 109297 ( SAN) • Tongod , Sungai Imbak Forest Reserve , Sungai Imbak Scientific expedition, Virgin Jungle Reserve; 05°08′57″N, 117°13′05″E; 132 elev.; 7 April 2014; Suzana et al., SAN 156487 ( SAN) • Tongod , Telupid , Labuk-Sugut, 75 m by Telupid airstrip, forest on sand; [05°36′18″N, 117°05′00″E]; 75 m elev.; 19 January 1976; P. F. Stevens et al., PFS 550 ( SAN) • Tongod , Telupid, Pinangah Forest Reserve, 4°58′41″N, 116°52′11″E; 13 February 1985; Di- wol & Mansus SAN 68007 ( SAN) • Tongod , Telupid , Tangkulap, Tawai Forest Reserve, lowland mixed dipterocarp forest; 04°58′41″N, 116°52′11″E; 103.632 m (304 ft.) elev.; 21 October 2004; John B. S. SAN 119245 ( SAN) • Tongod , Telupid , VJR Ulu Sungai Sapapayau , at riverbank of Merah River, Lideh Sobal; 5°30′00.0″N, 118°30′00.0″E, 15 October 1985, Lideh S. SAN 109521 ( SAN) – Tawau • Lahad Datu , Madai-Baturong Forest Reserve, Madai Hill; 04°41′18″N, 118°1′55″E; 1 June 1996; S. P. Lim, R. Kiew & Mail LSP 690 ( SAN) • Lahad Datu , Sapagaya VJR, Ultramafic, near rocky stream; 04°58′11″N, 118°05′10″E; 253 m elev.; 16 February 2012; Suzana et al., SAN 151431 ( SAN) • Lahad Datu , Silam; [04°57′30″N, 118°10′02″E]; 9.144 m (10 ft.) elev.; 27 Sep- tember 1963; Agam B. Abdullah SAN 37167 ( SAN) • Lahad Datu , Tabin Wildlife Reserve, Lipad Mulvucano Virgin Jungle Reserve; 05°14′30″N, 118°50′16″E; 3-7 No- vember 1998; Fin Borchsenius FB 587 ( BORH, SAN) • Lahad Datu , Tabin Wildlife Reserve, near Wildlife Department’s Headquarter, in selective mixed dipterocarp forest; 05°51′28″N, 116°58′37″E; 150 m elev.; 24 Febru- ary 2000; Kjeldsen, Poulsen & Magintan H. K. Kjeldsen 38 ( SAN) • Lahad Datu , Ulu-Segama Malua Forest Reserve , KM 79 Compartment 96, beside Bukit BRL; 05°03′10″N, 117°44′54″E; 320 m elev.; 14 February 2012; Suzana et al., SAN 154617 ( SAN) • Lahad Datu , Ulu-Segama Malua Forest Reserve, Merisuli VJR, around the cave area, limestone; 05°08′26″N, 118°08′03″E; 186 m elev.; 17 February 2012; Suzana, et al., SAN 151840 ( SAN, SAR) • Semporna , Mile ¾ Agri. Station, primary forest; 05°18′28″N, 117°04′23″E; 10 June 1962, J. Singh SAN 26319 (K, L, SAN) • Tawau , Bukit Gemuk Forest Reserve, rocky forest; 04°18′00″N, 117°52′00″E; 20 Oc- tober 1985; Madani & Sigin SAN 111556 ( SAN) • same locality; 28 June 2006; Julia S. et al., SAN 147143 ( SAR, KEP) • Semporna , Segarong Forest Reserve, limestone hill; [04°34′05″N, 118°25′24″E]; 60 m elev.; 26 August 1938; Keith, H. G. Keith 9419 (L) • Tawau , Kalabakan , Gunung Rara , Trail to Cave Batu Timbang, mixed Dipterocarp forest; 04°58′31″N, 117°08′55″E; 237 m elev.; 12 March 2015; Suzana et al., SAN 157129 ( KEP, SAN) • Tawau , Lembah Danum , Borneo Rainforest Lodge, gully near Lembah Danum; 05°01′10″N, 117°44′48″E; 1 March 1992; E. J. F. Campbell Gasis EG 316 ( SAN) • Tawau , Mount Wullersdorf Forest Reserve, around the Teck Guan Quary, limestone; 04°24′03″N, 118°00′53″E; 91 m elev.; date unknown; Nadiah et al., SAN 149140 (K, KEP, SAN) • Tawau , Tawau Hills Park, along the trail to Gelas Hill Trail; 04°23′N, 117°53′E; 272 m elev.; 29 June 2006; Suzana, S. with Joel D., & Cornelia L. SAN 147276 ( KEP, SAN, SAR) .

Identification. This species is distinguished by the leaf blade with strongly impressed ( Nicolson 1969). The spathe is caducous, a day post anthesis ( Chai and Wong 2019).

Distribution and ecology. Widespread in Sabah. Primary or secondary forests in ravines or damp places. It rarely occurs over 1500 m elev. but has been reported at “ 7000 feet ” (over 2000 m elev.) on Mt. Kinabalu ( Nicolson 1969).