Tainosphaeria thailandense W. Dong, C.X. Li & H. Zhang, 2021

Li, Chun-Xue, Yu, Xian-Dong, Dong, Wei, Hu, Dian-Ming, Boonmee, Saranyaphat & Zhang, Huang, 2021, Freshwater hyphomycetes in Sordariomycetes: two new species of Tainosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales) from Thailand, Phytotaxa 509 (1), pp. 56-68 : 61

Tainosphaeria thailandense W. Dong, C.X. Li & H. Zhang , sp. nov. FIGURE 3

Index Fungorum number: IF558387; Facesoffungi number: FoF 09839

Etymology: —In reference to the country where the holotype was collected, Thailand.

Holotype: —MFLU 18-1574

Saprobic on decaying wood submerged in freshwater. Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: hyphomycetous. Colonies superficial, effuse, gregarious, gray to dark brown, hairy, with subhyaline to black, glistening, slimy conidial mass at the conidiophore apex. Mycelium partly immersed, composed of septate, branched, pale brown hyphae. Conidiophores 100–200 × 2.5–5 μm (= 150.5 × 4 μm, n = 15) macronematous, mononematous, erect, unbranched, cylindrical, slender, mostly flexuous, pale brown to brown, subhyaline at the apical portion, multi-septate, smoothwalled. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, monophialidic, terminal, with a flared collarette at the apex. Collarettes 5–7 μm wide at the opening, 1.5–2.5 μm deep, broadly campanulate, subhyaline. Conidia 17–24 × 6–8.5 μm (= 20.5 × 7.5 μm, n = 35), acrogenous, reniform to ellipsoidal, with obtuse or conical ends, hyaline when young, laurel-green when mature, 0–1-septate, guttulate, smooth, often with hair-like, hyaline appendages at both ends, 6–13 μm long.

Cultural characteristics:—Colonies on PDA regular, circular, dry, surface slightly raised, forming three layers in front view, outer layer pale brown to brown, middle layer white, center layer brown to olivaceous, brown in reverse view.

Material examined:— THAILAND, Songkhla Province, on decaying wood submerged in a small lake, 10 May 2018, W. Dong, hat630 ( MFLU 18-1574 , holotype), ex-type living culture, MFLUCC 18-1282 .

Notes:—The BLASTn search of LSU sequences shows that our starin MFLUCC 18-1282 most closely matches with Tainosphaeria aseptata with 96.67% similarity, while for ITS and TEF1-a, MFLUCC 18-1282 is most similar to T. lunata with 92.18% and 92.77% identification, respectively. In our multi-loci phylogenetic analysis, Tainosphaeria thailandense forms a well-supported lineage with T. aquatica in Tainosphaeria II (99% ML and 1.00 PP, FIGURE 1 ). However, Tainosphaeria aquatica and T. thailandense are morphologically distinct. Tainosphaeria aquatica has hyaline, 0–3-septate, cylindrical to long fusiform conidia, while T. thailandense has laurel-green, 0–1-septate, reniform to ellipsoidal conidia. Therefore, Tainosphaeria thailandense is introduced here as a new species based on morphological and phylogenetic evidences.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis (RAxML) based on combined LSU, ITS and TEF1-α sequence data for selected families in Chaetosphaeriales. Bootstrap support values for maximum likelihood (ML) greater than 75% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) greater than 0.95 are given above the nodes as ML/PP. Newly generated sequences are indicated in red and ex-type strains are in bold. The tree is rooted with Gelasinospora tetrasperma (AFTOL-ID 1287) and Sordaria fimicola (CBS 508.50).

FIGURE 3. Tainosphaeria thailandense (MFLU 18-1574, holotype) a, b Colonies on natural substratum. c–e Conidiophores with conidia. f Conidiophore. g Conidiogenous cell bearing conidia. h–m Conidia. n Germinating conidium. o, p Colony on PDA (up-front, down-reverse). Scale bars: c–f = 50 μm, g–m = 10 μm, n = 20 μm.