Neuroptera, , 1758

R. G. Beutel & S. N. Gorb, 2001, Ultrastructure of attachment specializations of hexapods (Arthropoda): evolutionary patterns inferred from a revised ordinal phylogeny, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Research 39, pp. 177-207 : 182

25 Neuroptera (= Planipennia)

The tarsus of the middle and hind legs is almost always fivesegmented as in members of other holometabolous groups with the exceptions noted. Modification in number of tarsomeres is only known from the specialized raptorial fore legs of some mantispids ( New 1991). No specific adhesive structures are present in members of Sisyridae, Myrmeleontoidea and Ithonidae . An arolium is developed in representatives of other groups ( Fig. 4F ).

Figures

Fig. 4. Details of hexapod tarsi and pretarsi. (A) Lepisma saccharina (Zygentoma), foreleg, pretarsus, lateral aspect. (B) Paraleptophlebia sp. (Ephemeroptera), midleg, pretarsus, ventral aspect. (C) Blatella germanica (Blattodea), midleg, tarsus, ventro­lateral aspect. (D) Omocestus viridulus (Caelifera), foreleg, tarsus, ventral aspect. (E) Cercopis vulnerata (Auchenorrhyncha), midleg, pretarsus, ventro­lateral aspect. (F) Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera), pretarsus, ventral aspect. (G, H) Schistocerca gregaria (Caelifera), foreleg, arolium sagittal section, triple stain after Cason. (I) Brachyptera risi (Plecoptera), midleg, arolium, sagittal section, triple stain after Cason. (J) Cercopis vulnerata (Auchenorrhyncha), midleg, sagittal section, triple stain after Cason. Black arrows indicate ventral directions. AR, arolium; CP, claw pad; EU, euplantulae; RD, chitinous threads; TAR, tarsal segments; TI, tibia; UN, claw, UN1, ephemeropteran hook­like claw, UN2, ephemeropteran pad­bearing claw