Stenaelurillus jocquei, Logunov & Azarkina, 2018

Logunov, Dmitri V. & Azarkina, Galina N., 2018, Redefinition and partial revision of the genus Stenaelurillus Simon, 1886 (Arachnida, Araneae, Salticidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 430, pp. 1-126 : 65-72

Stenaelurillus jocquei sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ECAC2893-2A7C-4606-A5B1-A2993A601295 Figs 280–316 , 510

Diagnosis

By general appearance, especially of the males, the new species is similar to S. hirsutus , from which it can easily be distinguished by the presence of two rather than three white vertical lines (cf. Figs 313 and 255). Both species can also be distinguished by the conformation of the copulatory organs (cf. Figs 280– 291 and 239–242, 246–251, 262–263): the longer, spiralled embolus in S. jocquei sp. nov. (straight in S. hirsutus ), the epigynal pocket is situated almost in between the slit-shaped copulatory openings facing each other in S. jocquei sp. nov. (displaced to the epigastric furrow in S. hirsutus ), and the round primary spermathecae in S. jocquei sp. nov. (elongated, sac-shaped ones in S. hirsutus ).

Etymology

This species is dedicated to our colleague and notable arachnologist, Dr Rudy Jocqué (Tervuren, Belgium), who collected the type series of this species and also facilitated the present study by providing numerous undetermined material of Stenaelurillus to one of us (GA).

Material examined

Holotype

CAMEROON: ♂, Faro GR, ca 08°10′ N, 12°35′ E, gallery forest, pitfall traps, 4 May 2007, R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert and M. Alderweireldt leg. ( MRAC 221.173 ).

Paratypes

CAMEROON – light morph: 7 ♂♂, 1 ♀, together with the holotype ( MRAC 221.173); 10 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀, Faro GR, ca 08°10′ N, 12°35′ E, gallery forest, pitfall traps, 2–5 May 2007, R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert and M. Alderweireldt leg. ( MRAC 221.132, MRAC 221.141, MRAC 221.202, MRAC 221.224, MRAC 225.498); 11 ♂♂, 1 ♀, same locality, wooded savanna, pitfall traps, 3–4 May 2007, R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert and M. Alderweireldt leg. ( MRAC 221.198, MRAC 225.494); 1 ♂, Hossere Gare, ca 09°11′ N, 13°49′ E, litter among rocks, by hand, 4 May 2007, R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert and M. Alderweireldt leg. ( MRAC 221.484). – dark morph: 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Rumsiki [= Rhumsiki], ca 10°29′ N, 13°36′ E, yellow pan traps, 1100 m a.s.l., 27 Jul. 1987, A. Pauly leg. ( MRAC 225.488, MRAC 168.689).

Remarks

There are two colour morphs of S. jocquei sp. nov. of which the males visibly differ in the degree of development of pubescence on the eye field (cf. Figs 298–303 and 309–315 ). The males of the dark morph have a much stronger developed ‘mane’, with longer dark brown/black hairs and two clear vertical white lines, whereas those of the light morph have ‘mane’ consisting of shorter and light iridescent hairs. The male copulatory organs and females of both groups are identical (cf. Figs 280–287 and 292–295 ), and therefore we have assigned all of them to the same species.

Description (light form)

Male (holotype)

Measurements: carapace: 2.70 long, 1.90 wide, 1.40 high. Abdomen: 2.40 long, 1.75 wide. Ocular area: 1.15 long, 1.60 wide anteriorly, 1.50 wide posteriorly. Cheliceral length 0.65. Clypeal height 0.40. Diameter of AME 0.40. Length of leg segments: I 1.30 + 0.80 + 0.95 + 0.75 + 0.50 (4.30); II 1.30 + 0.80 + 0.80 + 0.70 + 0.50 (4.10); III 1.80 + 1.00 + 1.30 + 1.50 + 0.65 (6.25); IV 1.70 + 0.85 + 1.20 + 1.60 + 0.75 (6.10). Leg formula III,IV,I,II. Leg spination: I: Fm d 0-1-1-5; Pt pr 0-1-0; Tb pr 1-1, v 1-2-2ap; Mt pr 1-1ap, v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-1-2-5; Pt pr 0-1-0; Tb pr 1-1, rt 0-1, v 1-1-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1ap, v 2-2ap. III: Fm d 1-2-5; Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 1-1-0, pr and rt 1-0- 2ap, v 0-2-2ap. IV: Fm d 1-1-5; Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 1-1-0, pr 1-1-2ap, rt 1-0-2ap, v 0-2-2ap. Coloration (in alcohol; Figs 298–303 ). Carapace brown, covered with dark brown scales and with two longitudinal stripes of white scales running from PLEs to the rear end of the carapace; carapace margins with wide longitudinal bands of white scales. Eye field dark brown, its anterior half densely covered with long brownish iridescent hairs. Clypeus yellowish brown, medially with a line of yellowish iridescent hairs covering the area between AMEs to the eye field; hairs under AMEs short, brown and not iridescent, also occurring on the eye field. Cheeks and the anterior halves of the carapace sides covered with long iridescent, reflective hairs. Sternum yellow (in the holotype) to brown-yellow. Sternum, coxae and trochanters covered with short white yellowish hairs. Labium and endites yellow. Chelicerae yellow, sparsely covered with long/short brownish hairs. Abdomen: dorsum brownish, with a poorly marked scutum occupying the anterior half of the dorsum and with a pattern of three white spots situated on the posterior half and three white stripes as shown in Fig. 306 ; venter

yellow. Book-lung covers yellow. Spinnerets: anterior and median pairs brownish, posterior pair dark brown. All legs yellow, covered with brownish hairs, except for legs I, in which Pt apically, Ti, Mt and Tr completely dark brown, Ti and Mt ventrally covered with dense dark brown, almost back, hairs; Fm I and II dorsally and ventrally covered with long yellowish white hairs. Palps yellow; palpal Fm dorsally and retrolaterally covered with long yellowish white hairs, prolaterally with brown hairs; palpal Tb and Pt retrolaterally and retro-dorsally covered with dense, short brown hairs, prolaterally-dorsally with dense white yellowish hairs and prolaterally with brown hairs; cymbium densely covered with yellow-white hairs. Palpal structure as in Figs 280–287 : VTA bulge-shaped; RTA spine-shaped, directed anteriad; the cymbium simple, without a cymbial lateral process; the tegulum small, poorly marked, without a tegular process; the functional tegulum elongated, with well-developed, pointed proximal (PP) and wide, almost bifurcated distal (DP) projections; the embolus spiralled, ribbon-shaped, with a heavy base.

Female

Measurements (the female with smaller abdomen from MRAC 221.202, the female with larger abdomen from MRAC 221.224). Carapace: 2.70 long, 2.20 wide, 1.45 high. Abdomen: 3.00–3.50 long, 2.55–2.80 wide. Ocular area: 1.10 long, 1.65 wide anteriorly, 1.65 wide posteriorly. Cheliceral length 0.75. Clypeal height 0.30. Diameter of AME 0.50. Length of leg segments (female from MRAC 221.202): I 1.50 + 0.85 + 0.85 + 0.70 + 0.50 (4.40); II 1.50 + 0.90 + 0.70 + 0.70 + 0.50 (4.30); III 2.10 + 1.20 + 1.40 + 1.65 + 0.75 (7.10); IV 1.80 + 0.90 + 1.40 + 1.80 + 0.80 (6.70). Leg formula III,IV,I,II. Leg spination (female from MRAC 221.202): I: Fm d 0-1-1-5; Pt pr 0-1-0; Tb pr 1-1, v 1-2-2ap; Mt pr 1-1ap, rt 0-1ap, v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-1-2-5; Pt pr 0-1-0; Tb pr 1-1, v 1-1-2ap; Mt pr 1-1ap, rt 0-1ap, v 2-2ap. III: Fm d 1-2-5; Pt pr

and rt 0-1-0; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 1-1-0, pr and rt 1-0-2ap, v 0-2-2ap. IV: Fm d 1-1-4; Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 1-1-0, pr 1-1-2ap, rt 1-0-2ap, v 1-1-2ap. Coloration (in alcohol; Figs 304–305, 307–308 ) as in the male, but lighter. Eye field, clypeus and cheeks without iridescent, reflective hairs. Clypeus and cheeks brown, covered with white hairs. Legs yellow, covered with brownish hairs; Fm I prolaterally with two dark brown spots, the remaining segments with poorly marked brownish semi-rings and patches. Palps yellow, covered with white hairs

and brown bristles; palpal Fm dorsally with a row of dark brown bristles; palpal Tb proximally and dorsally with brown spot. Epigyne and spermathecae as in Figs 288–291 ; epigynal plate flat; epigynal pocket present, narrow and deep; the copulatory openings large, with heavily sclerotized rims, as a pair of slightly procurved furrows; the insemination ducts wide and short, tube-shaped, running towards the median line; the primary spermathecae large, weakly sclerotized, sac-shaped.

Description (dark form)

Male (MRAC 168.689)

Measurements: carapace: 2.60 long, 1.90 wide, 1.40 high. Abdomen: 2.50 long, 1.70 wide. Ocular area: 1.00 long, 1.50 wide anteriorly, 1.50 wide posteriorly. Cheliceral length 0.70. Clypeal height 0.30. Diameter of AME 0.40. Length of leg segments: I 1.35 + 0.80 + 0.95 + 0.75 + 0.50 (4.35); II 1.35 + 0.70 + 1.00 + 0.70 + 0.50 (4.25); III 2.00 + 0.90 + 1.10 + 1.45 + 0.50 (5.95); IV 1.60 + 0.70 + 1.15 + 1.70 + 0.60 (5.75). Leg formula III,IV,I,II. Leg spination: I: Fm d 0-1-1-5; Pt pr 1; Tb pr 1-1, v 1-2-2ap; Mt pr 1-1ap, rp 0-1ap, v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-1-2-5; Pt pr 1; Tb pr 1-1, v 1-1-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1ap, v 2-2ap. III: Fm d 1-2-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 1-1-0, pr and rt 1-0- 2ap, v 0-2-2ap. IV: Fm d 1-1-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 1-1-0, pr 1-1-2ap, rt 1-0-2ap, v 0-2-2ap. Coloration (in alcohol; Figs 309–315 ). Carapace dorsally as in the light form. Sternum brown-yellow. Sternum, coxae and trochanters covered with dark brown hairs that are especially dense on legs I–II. Endites and labium brown-yellow. Chelicerae brown, densely covered with short dark brown (almost black) hairs. Clypeus dark brown, densely covered with short black hairs. Cheeks brown, with narrow stripes of iridescent hairs running between AMEs and ALEs and continuing on the eye field, where these hairs become longer. Abdomen as in the light form but darker. Book-lung covers light yellow. Spinnerets: ventral pair brown, dorsal pair dark brown. Fm I–II pale yellow, dorsally with long and dense white-brown hairs, prolaterally and ventrally with dense and long white hairs, prolaterally with short brown hairs. The remaining segments of legs I–II brown. Pt, Tb, Mt and Tr I covered with dark hairs that are more dense pro- and retrolaterally. Tb and Mt I with narrow lines of iridescent hairs situated above dense dark brown hairs. Legs III–IV brown-yellow, apically and sometimes proximally (Tb and Mt III–IV) brown, covered with short brown and white hairs. Palps brown, with yellow cymbium. Palpal Fm and Pt pro- and retrolaterally densely covered with dark brown (almost black) hairs that are longer on Fm. Palpal Pt prolaterally and dorsally densely covered with short dark brown (almost black) hairs and sparse brown hairs, prolatero-dorsally with white iridescent hairs. Cymbium covered with white iridescent hairs, retrolaterally, near the tibial apophysis, with short dark brown (almost black) hairs. Palpal structure as described above for the light form ( Figs 292–295 ).

Female

As described for the light form ( Fig. 316 ). Epigyne and spermathecae as described above for the light form ( Figs 296–297 ).

Distribution

A few localities in Cameroon ( Fig. 510 ).

Figures

Figs 280–287. Stenaelurillus jocquei sp. nov., holotype (280–283) and paratype (284–287), ♂♂ from Cameroon (Faro GR), light form. 280–282. Male palp. 280. Ventral view. 281. Retrolateral view. 282. Dorso-retrolateral view. 283–287. Embolic division. 283. Dorsal view. 284. Ventral view. 285. Median view. 286. Retrolateral view. 287. Apical view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 288–291. Stenaelurillus jocquei sp. nov., paratype ♀ from Cameroon (Faro GR; MRAC 221.132), light form. 288–289. Epigyne, ventral view. 290. Spermathecae, dorsal view. 291. Diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts of the spermathecae. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 292–297. Stenaelurillus jocquei sp. nov., paratypes from Cameroon (Rumsiki; MRAC 168.689), dark form. 292. Male palp, ventral view. 293. Male palp, retrolateral view. 294. Embolic division, retrolateral view. 295. Embolic division, median view. 296. Epigyne, ventral view. 297. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 298–308. Stenaelurillus jocquei sp. nov., light form, general appearance, ♂♂ (298–300, 302–303, 305–306) and ♀♀ (301, 304, 307–308). 298–301, 303–304, 307–308. Paratypes from Cameroon (Faro GR). 302, 305–306. Holotype. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figs 309–316. Stenaelurillus jocquei sp. nov., paratypes from Cameroon (Rumsiki), dark form. 309– 310, 312–315. ♂. 311, 316. ♀. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 510. Collecting localities of seven African species of Stenaelurillus Simon, 1885.