Indalia, Macià & Ylla & Gastón & Huertas & Bau, 2022

Macià, Ramon, Ylla, Josep, Gastón, Javier, Huertas, Manuel & Bau, Josep, 2022, The species of Eilema Hübner, [1819] sensu lato present in Europe and North Africa (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), Zootaxa 5191 (1), pp. 1-87 : 23

Genus Indalia gen. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5807A68B-935C-4226-AFC3-9F547C93FC1A

Type species: Lithosia uniola Rambur, [1866] . Catalogue Systématique des Lépidoptères d´Andalousie (2): 209, by present designation.

Diagnosis.

Imago. Forewings narrow, with a pale costal stripe. Superficially, like many other groups of Eilema sensu lato.

Male genitalia: Uncus of medium size, slender, cylindrical, not flattened, of moderate width, with a pointed tip; valvae oval or apically restricted; cucullus clearly separated from apex of sacculus, clasper absent; superior part of the juxta basically flat, without lateral apical processes (present in Manulea and Eilema ); vinculum of medium size, rectangular (trapezoidal in Manulea ), membranous with finely sclerotised margins. Aedeagus generally short and stubby, with one to three spike-shaped cornuti usually the same size; no apical spur.

Female genitalia: Anal papillae well developed, weakly sclerotised with short anterior and posterior apophyses; A8 wide, short and slightly sclerotised; lamella postvaginalis absent or obsolescent; ostium bursae bell shaped, membranous and broad; ductus bursae short, wide and slightly sclerotised; corpus bursa spherical, membranous, with one small rounded signum; cervix bursa inconspicuous and almost without warts or spinules inside.

Molecular data. The clade encompassing the seven species included in the genus Indalia received a strong BI tree support (PP=0.99) and, as mentioned earlier, shows considerably low between-group distances (TN-dist from 2.93% to 7.90%; average = 5.80%). This clade also includes the genus Setema and the genus Nyea , which appear closely related but with distinct morphological characteristics. Pairwise distances are higher and variable within Indalia than in Manulea (TN-dist from 3.93% to 4.86%; average = 4.49%).

The extended phylogenetic analysis -including our sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear markers plus additional COI data from BOLD- maintains the consistency of this group ( Fig. 120 ), as only sequences attributed to the American Setema bicolor appear in close proximity of the other two analysed species of this genus ( Setema debilis and Setema cereola ).

Derivatio nominis. Relative to Indalo, almerian figure of ancestral origin found in a Neolithic cave painting that has become the symbol of the Province of Almería ( Spain).

Taxa included

The predotae group

Indalia marcida ( Mann, 1859) comb. nov.

Indalia predotae ( Schawerda, 1927) comb. nov.

It comprises two species with a very similar genitalic structure (cucullus separated from sacculus apex, aedeagus with three small cornuti of equal size, vinculum wide, elongated with parallel margins and with no clasper). Indalia predotae is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula where it can be found in xerothermic biotopes at lower elevation than 1200–1300 m, whereas Indalia marcida is a central-western mediterranean species, with colonies near the coast and not higher than 500– 600 m. Although in Italy, Indalia marcida is mainly linked to central and southern coastal areas. In southern Italy it is not found below an elevation of 600 m while in Sicily it is clearly restricted to mountainous areas reaching elevations above 1100 m ( Grassi & Zilli, 2005).

Figures

FIGURE 120. Phylogenetic tree representation obtained by Bayesian Inference of the extended dataset including the COI Barcode sequences published in BOLD as Eilema or Manulea genus and the sequences obtained in this study. The combined data from the mitochondrial marker COI and the nuclear markers ArgK and DDX23 have been run in three different partitions in BEAST2. Posterior probability values are displayed beside the nodes. For clarity, the branches under the species or subspecies nodes have been collapsed indicating the number of specimens for each taxon next to the countries of collection (AU: Austria; CRO: Croatia; CYP: Cyprus; CZR: Czech Republic; DE: Denmark; FI: Finland; Fr: France; GE: Germany; GR: Greece; IT: Italy; MAC: Macedonia; NL: Netherlands; NOR: Norway; PAK: Pakistan; RU: Russia; SP: Spain; UK: United Kingdom). Branches in grey color and font correspond to clades not reviewed in the current work. In all other cases, font colour indicates distinct clades as discussed in the text: Green: Eilema genus; Light blue: Manulea genus; Dark blue: lutarella group from Indalia genus; Yellow: uniola group from Indalia genus; Orange: predotae group from Indalia genus; Red: Nyea genus; Violet: Setema genus; Black: remaining species under study and outgroup species (Nudaria mundana).