Celebargiolestes Kennedy, 1925

Vincent J. Kalkman, 2016, Revision of the genus Celebargiolestes Kennedy, 1925 (Odonata: Argiolestidae), Odonatologica 45 (3), pp. 235-269 : 238-242

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.163451
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03938796-FFDD-FFE9-26B0-8C99FBC0FB87
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Celebargiolestes Kennedy, 1925
status

Treatment

Celebargiolestes Kennedy, 1925 View in CoL

Celebargiolestes Kennedy, 1925: 295 View in CoL f. [type species: Celebargiolestes cinctus Selys, 1886 View in CoL ; by original designation]

Male

Head − Labium dull yellow or dull yellow with the anterior half to ⅔ dark brown to black, slightly wider than long, median cleft almost ²/₅ the length of labium and about half as wide as deep. Pattern on front of head varies between species, labrum is either pale yellow-brown or black, front of head largely dull yellow-brown with or without a slight reddish tinge (ochre), dorsum of head mat black, antennae yellow brown getting darker towards apex. Head seen from dorsal elongated ( Fig. 15 View Figures 15 – 18 ).

Thorax − Shape of prothorax and pronotum shown in Figure 1 View Figures 1 – 6 . Posteri- or lobe broad with rounded margin, seen from lateral gently sloping and with the outer border steeply raised. Sides of prothorax dull yellow-brown; dorso-median part of pronotum black, the black becomes more extensive with age and can cover most of the pronotum. Metepimeron largely yellowbrown, mesepimeron and dorsum of thorax largely black. Mesepimeron has a pale line running diagonally from the coxa of the second leg to near the hind margin of the mesepimeron, in older specimens the mesepimeron can be largely black making the pale line invisible. The front of the synthorax has in the outer anterior corners an incomplete ante-humeral stripe which at most reaches slightly halfway the dorsum of the thorax. The size of this stripe varies between species but also with age and can be largely or completely absent in fully mature specimens. Old specimens of at least some species develop greyish blue pruinosity on thorax.

Legs − Coxae, trochanters and femora dull yellow to ochre, colour of tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown to brown. Spines on tibiae and femora long. Femora with two broad but poorly defined black rings (absent in C. cinctus ‘red legs’), knees black, spines orange-brown.

Wings − Venation dark brown to black ( Fig. 2 View Figures 1 – 6 ). Wings hyaline in young- er specimens but a smoky outer border develops with age while some old specimens have wings with a strong brown tinge throughout. Petiolation long. Fw and Hw with 2 Ax; Fw with 29 to 40 Px and Hw with 25 to 36 Px. R4 originating basal to subnodus and closer to subnodus than to arculus. Discoidal cell in Fw and Hw with costal side about two and a half times as long as distal side, sharpest angle about 40°. Ac clearly closer to Ax1 then to Ax2. Brace vein absent. Pterostigma dark brown and shaped as in Figures 3, 4. Mostly up to three rows of cells between anal vein and border of wing in Fw and up to four in Hw. Fields between Ir2 and R3, between R3 and IR3, and between IR3 and R4 at distal end containing 3 or more rows of cells.

Abdomen − Pattern on abdomen as in Figures 15–22 View Figures 15 – 18 View Figures 19 – 22 ; dark pattern elements are dark brown to black, pale pattern elements are yellow-brown. S1 yellowbrown with posterior half to ⅔ of dorsum brown-black, S2 dorsally dark brown, laterally yellow-brown, S3–6 with dorsum brown with a poorly defined pale anterior ring, S7–10 dark brown to black, S7–9 with an indication of a pale ring. S10 strongly depressed in the middle, hindborder of S10 without modifications. Upper appendages black, general shape as shown in Figure 34 View Figures 34 – 39 . Upper appendages with two poorly developed flanges just before the apex, the upper carries a short row of denticles; the lower flange runs towards the base of the appendages ending at one third of lengths of the appendages. Inferior appendages with rounded and swollen base, abruptly constricted into a slender and medium long to long apex which is slightly directed upwards reaching to ¼ or just surpassing half of the upper appendages. Genital ligula as in Figures 23–33 View Figures 23 – 27 View Figures 28 – 33 , setae on the shaft of the genital ligula lacking, ligula head with internal flange, apical lobe either with a deep narrow cleft or with a shallow, wide cleft, lateral lobes large and broadly rounded and largely covering the opening of head of the ligula, the lateral lobes become easily deformed. The median part of the head of the ligula is, in longitudinal direction, only lightly sclerotized, this is well visible on Figure 28 View Figures 28 – 33 .

Female

Pattern and colours of females are largely identical to those of males. The main differences from males are given below.

Wings − Pt becomes cream white-yellow often with the outer border mottled greyish-black. Fw and Hw with 2 Ax; Fw with 25 sclerotized 33 Px and Hw with 23 sclerotized 31 Px.

Abdomen − Short and stocky, subequal or shorter than Hw ( Fig. 5 View Figures 1 – 6 ). S3–7 all short, S7–8 with broad intersegmental annulae, S8 shorter than S9. Ovipositor large, its tip surpassing that of the cerci ( Fig. 6 View Figures 1 – 6 ). Cerci pointed, ovipositor with a dense row (30 or more) of small spines. Cerci brown, base of valvifer yellow becoming brown to black towards the tip.

Age-related variability

In addition to the regional variability within species there is also age-related variability in both male and female. This is illustrated in Figures 7, 8 View Figures 7 – 14 , 15 and 16 View Figures 15 – 18 . In older specimens the pale parts of prothorax, synthorax and abdomen become darker and largely obscured, looking nearly completely and uniformly black in some old specimens. Some old specimens develop a greyish blue pruinosity on thorax and, in males, the base of the upper appendages. The wings are hyaline in younger specimens but a smoky outer border of the wing develops with age, whereas some old specimens have wings with a strong brown tinge throughout. In males the Pt becomes darker with age but in females the Pt becomes cream white-yellow often with the outer bor- der mottled greyish-black ( Fig. 4 View Figures 1 – 6 ).

Diagnosis

Argiolestidae occurring from the Philippines and Sulawesi eastwards to Australia and New Caledonia are characterised by the males having a lower and upper flange near the apex of the upper appendage of which the upper flange always has a row of small and black denticles. In Celebargiolestes these flanges and the denticles are relatively poorly developed but are still always visible. Within this group, Celebargiolestes is characterised by the lower appendages being broad at the base and abruptly constricted forming a slender finger like apex, running to about a third to half the length of the upper appendages. In addition to this the genital ligula has a distinct shape, the lateral lobes are directed in such a way that they cover the opening of the genital ligula. Females characters separating Celebargiolestes from related genera are (i) abdomen subequal to the wings (abdomen clearly longer than wings in most other genera) and (ii) Pt white on both sides in mature individuals (shared with Miniargiolestes minimus , some species of Griseargiolestes and Austroargiolestes (all from Australia) and Argiolestes ochraceus from New Caledonia).

The only other species of Argiolestidae occurring on Sulawesi is Argiolestes celebensis . This species is however easily distinguished from Celebargiolestes by having less than 24 Px and very long and slender apices of the ligula.

Key to males of Celebargiolestes View in CoL

1a – Labrum yellow to yellow-ochre ( Figs 11–12 View Figures 7 – 14 ) ................ C. toli sp. nov.

1b – Labrum black or brownish black ( Figs 7–10, 13–14 View Figures 7 – 14 ) .......................... 2

2a – Postclypeus and frons yellow-brown ( Figs 7–9 View Figures 7 – 14 ). Head of genital ligula with a deep, narrow cleft ( Figs 23–25 View Figures 23 – 27 ) ......................... C. cinctus View in CoL

2b – Postclypeus and frons largely black ( Figs 10, 13, 14 View Figures 7 – 14 ). Head of genital ligula with a shallow, wide cleft ( Figs 26, 27 View Figures 23 – 27 , 32, 33 View Figures 28 – 33 ) .............. 3

3a – Lower appendages short, about ¼ the length of the upper appendages, slightly down-curved and, when seen from lateral, with the tip not reaching the level of the upper appendages ( Fig. 38 View Figures 34 – 39 ) ......................................................................... C. askewi sp. nov.

3b – Lower appendages long, about ½ the length of the upper appendages and, when seen from lateral, with the tip reaching the level of the upper appendages ( Fig. 44 View Figures 40 – 45 ) .................. C. orri sp. nov.