Leptoconchus infungites, Gittenberger, 2011

Gittenberger, Adriaan Gittenberger Edmund, 2011, Cryptic, adaptive radiation of endoparasitic snails: sibling species of Leptoconchus (Gastropoda: Coralliophilidae) in corals, Organisms Diversity & Evolution 11 (1), pp. 21-41 : 33-34

Leptoconchus infungites sp. nov.

( Figs. 3 , 12–14)

Etymology. The specific epithet reflects that the species has been found exclusively in corals of Fungia (Fungia) fungites . For the purposes of nomenclature, it is herewith declared (under ICZN 1999 Article 26) as not to be treated as a Greek, Latin or latinized word; thus, the spelling presented here is to remain unchanged.

Type material. Holotype female ( RMNH 102562 ), found in the mushroom coral Fungia (Fungia) fungites ; Indonesia, Bali, NW Nusa Penida, Toyapakeh, 08°40′56″S 115°28′56″E.

Paratypes. Indonesia. Bali: type locality ( RMNH 102563 / e found with holotype, 102564/1sh: m in same coral as holotype); Sanur, Jeladi Willis , 08°40′59″S 115°16′03″ ( RMNH 102565 /2sn: m&f+e, 102566/1sn: f 0); Sanur, Penjor Point, 08°41′36″S 115°16′20″ ( RMNH 102567 /3sn: 2 m&1f +e, 102568/2sn: m&f+e, 102569/2sn: m&f+e, 102570/2sn: m&f+e); Sanur, Penjor Point, 08°42′04″S 115°16′18″ ( RMNH 102571 /1sn: f+e); Sanur, off Kesumasari Beach, Palung Semawang, 08°42′31″S 115°15′59″ ( RMNH 102572 / 3sn: 2 m&1f+e); NE Pulau Serangan, 08°44′03″S 115°15′05″ ( RMNH 102573 /2sn: m&f+e 3sh: m); Tanjung Benoa, Loloan Benoa, 08°45′46″S 115°14′01″ ( RMNH 102574 /2sn: m&f, 102575/1sn: f+e, 102576/1sn: m); Tulamben Beach, 08°16′ 36″S 115°35′37″ ( RMNH 102577 /1sn: f+e, 102578/2sn: m&f); SE Tulamben Beach, drop-off, 08°16′40″S 115°35′45″ ( RMNH 102579 /3sn: 2 m&f+e); N Nusa Penida, off Desa Ped, 08°40′28″S 115°30′50″ ( RMNH 102580 /2sn: m&f+e, 102581/2sn: m&f+e, 102582/1sn: f, 102583/2sn: m&f, 102584/1sn: m); N Nusa Penida, off Tukad Adegan, 08º40′ 32″S 115º31′18″ ( RMNH 102585 /1sn: f+e, 102586/1sn: f+e, 102587/1sn: f+e) .

NE Kalimantan, Berau Islands: N Maratua Island , 02°14′ 51″N 118°37′48″ ( RMNH 102588 /1sn: f+e, 102589/2sn: m&f+e); SE Derawan Island, 02°16′18″N 118°15′08″ ( RMNH102590 /2sn: f) .

N Sulawesi: Bunaken Island, 01°36′23″N 124°46′59″ ( RMNH 90048 */1sn: f+e, 90049/1sn: f+e); Bunaken Island , 01°37′50″N 124°46′14″ ( RMNH 90062 /1sn: f, 90063/2sn: m&f+e); SW Gorontalo, 00°27′00″N 124°28′ 43″ ( RMNH 102591 /4sn: 2m&2f+e 3sh: 2m&1f, 102592/ 2sn: m&f+e, 102593/3sn: 1m&2f+e 2sh: f, 102594/3sn: 2m&1f+e, 102595/6sn: 4m&2f+e 1sh: f); SW Gorontalo, 00°21′31″N 124°03′14″ ( RMNH 102596 /2sn: m&f+e) .

Central Sulawesi: Tomini Bay, Togian Islands, S Batudaka Island , 00°35′25″S 121°41′38″ ( RMNH 102597 / 1sn: f+e, 102598/3sn: 2m&1f+e, 102599/2sn: m&f, 102600/4sn: 2m&2f+e, 102750/2sn: m&f+e) .

SW Sulawesi, Spermonde Archipelago: W Samalona Island, 05°07′31″S 119°20′31″ ( RMNH 90033 /1sn: f); W Bone Lola Reef, 05°06′09″S 119°17′09″ ( RMNH 90023 / 1sn: f); W Bone Tambung Island , 05°02′05″S 119°16′16″ ( RMNH 90110 /1sn: f); SW side of Bone Tambung, 05°02′ 12″S 119°16′19″ ( RMNH 87879 */1sn: f); W Badi Island , 04°58′05″S 119°16′54″ ( RMNH 90030 */2sn: m&f+e, 90031/1sn: f, 90112/2sh: m&f) .

Palau. N Ngeremdiu , Lighthouse Reef, backreef, 07°17′ 11″N 134°27′26″ ( RMNH 102751 /2sn: m&f+e); W Babelthuap, Toachel Mlengui, 07°32′31″N 134°28′24″ ( RMNH 102752 */2sn: f+e) .

Diagnosis. Among the Leptoconchus species with reduced and variable morphological characters and associated with fungiid corals, L. infungites sp. nov. is differentiated by a unique combination of nucleotides in the Cytochrome Oxidase I barcoding sequence ( GB: EU215817–EU215820, EU215873–EU215881), as indicated by underlined letters in Fig. 48 .

Shell. Holotype female (Figs. 12, 13) H 16.0 mm, W 25.9 mm; columellar callus covering most of surface of last whorl; outer lip with vague angle at shell base. H and W of largest female shell 24.3 and 27.0 mm, respectively, versus 13.5 mm and 11.6 mm for largest male. Male shell (Fig. 14) found with holotype H 13.0 mm, W 11.5 mm. Apical part of female shells slightly protruding above apertural edge (Fig. 12), apex of male shells protrudes distinctly (Fig. 14).

Habitat. The snails and their egg capsules were found at 4–18 m depth, exclusively with the mushroom coral species Fungia (Fungia) fungites (Linnaeus, 1758) . The siphon pores are located on the upper side of the corals.

Distribution. Leptoconchus infungites is distributed from Indonesia to Palau. Massin’ s (1992) OTU6 from the Red Sea and the Maldives probably represents the same species.

Figures

Fig. 3 Cytochrome Oxidase I phylogeny reconstruction of fungiidassociated Leptoconchus species, showing strict consensus of five trees, i.e. the two most parsimonious trees resulting from a heuristic search, and the three 50% consensus trees with compatible groupings

Fig. 48 Partial Cytochrome Oxidase I sequences for 14 species of Leptoconchus; for each species, the respective combination of underlined nucleotides is considered diagnostic