Hypsibius convergens ( Urbanowicz, 1925 ) sensu

Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Michalczyk, Łukasz & Mcinnes, Sandra J., 2015, Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America, Zootaxa 3923 (1), pp. 1-107 : 40-41

91. Hypsibius convergens ( Urbanowicz, 1925) sensu lato [T]

Hypsibius (Hypsibius) convergens (Urbanovicz, 1866) (de Barros 1943)

H. (H.) convergens ( Urbanowicz, 1925) (du Bois-Reymond Marcus 1944)

H. (H.) convergens (du Bois-Reymond Marcus 1944, Mihelčič 1972)

Hypsibius (Hypsibius) convergens ( Urbanowicz, 1925) ( Ramazzotti 1962a)

Hypsibius convergens Urb. ( Iharos 1963, 1969)

Hypsibius (Hypsibius) convergens ( Urbanowicz, 1925) ( Ramazzotti 1964a)

Hypsibius (Hypsibius) convergens ( Ramazzotti 1964b)

H. (H.) convergens Urbanowicz, 1925 ( Claps & Rossi 1981)

Hypsibius convergens (Urbanovicz, 1925) ( Maucci 1988)

Hypsibius convergens Thulin, 1911 ( Rossi & Claps 1989)

H. convergens ( Garitano-Zavala 1996)

Terra typica: Ukraine (Europe)

Argentina:

• 26°48′S, 65°22′W; 1,300 m asl: Tucumán Province, Cerro San Javier, lichens form tree in the mountains. Claps & Rossi (1984)

• 39°14′S, 70°55′W; 950 m asl: Neuquén Province, Aluminé, Abra Ancha, moss on soil. Rossi et al. (2009)

• 40°50′S, 71°38′W; 900 m asl: Neuquén Province, Peninsula de Quetrihue, semi-wet and dry, mosses on tree in coppice, mosses on rock and soil in the forest and lichens on trees (4 samples). Claps & Rossi (1981)

• 41°00′S, 71°30′W; 800 m asl: Neuquén Province, Isla Victoria, mosses on tree. Rossi & Claps (1989)

• 41°08′S, 71°20′W; 950 m asl: Rio Negro Province, Cerro Runge, semi-wet, moss on tree. Claps & Rossi (1981)

• 41°11′S, 71°49′W; 1,800 m asl: Rio Negro Province, Nahuel Huapi National Park, Monte Tronador, lichens form tree ( Nothofagus pumilio ), lichens on trees and mosses and lichens form tree (5 samples). Rossi & Claps (1989)

• 41°58′S, 71°29′W; 1,170 m asl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, Piltriquitron Mt., mosses on bases and barks of trees in Nothofagus pumilio forest. Iharos (1963)

• 41°58′S, 71°28′W; 1,460 m asl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, Piltriquitron Mt., mosses on rocks and barks of trees near edge within Nothofagus pumilio forest. Iharos (1963)

• 41°59′S, 71°34′W; 300 m asl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, Valley of Rio Azul, mosses on decaying tree trunks in Nothofagus dombeyi grove. Iharos (1963)

• 41°59′S, 71°31′W; 360 m asl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, foot of Piltriquitron Mt., mosses on wet cliff of promontory, partly on soil, mosses under saxicolous plants on the extremely arid cliffs of promontory and mosses on dry ledge (3 samples). Iharos (1963)

• 41°59′S, 71°30′W; 500 m asl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, Piltriquitron Mt., mosses on stones in sunny clearing. Iharos (1963)

• 41°59′S, 71°30′W; 680 m asl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, Piltriquitron Mt., mosses on decaying trunk on western, sunny slope. Iharos (1963)

• 50°06′S, 73°18′W; 200 m asl: Santa Cruz Province, Los Glaciares National Park, shores of Argentino Lake, near the Onelli glacier, Nothofagus forests, in the shade, mosses and lichens on trees and rocks. Maucci (1988)

• Undefined localities cited according Mihelčič (1967), shaded and wet, mosses and lichens on soil, thin and thick wet layer (3 samples). Mihelčič (1972)

Bolivia:

• 10°49′S, 65°22′W; 150 m asl: Beni Department, Guayaramerín, Estancia Esperanza, gallerian forest along Mamore river, leaf litter. Iharos (1969)

• 16°11′S, 68°35′W; 3,680–4,000 m asl: La Paz Department, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, Huarina, moorland floor, cushion moss. Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)

• 16°13′S, 68°13′W; 4,550–4,700 m asl: La Paz Department, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, Tuni, subnival floor, cushion moss. Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)

• 16°18′S, 68°17′W; 4,300–4,400 m asl: La Paz Department, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, Wila Kunka, high Andean floor, cushion moss. Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)

• 16°20′S, 68°23′W; 4,650–4,700m asl: La Paz Department, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, La Cumbre, subnival floor, cushion moss. Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)

Brazil:

• 22°44′S, 45°35′W; 1,650 m asl: São Paulo State, Campos do Jordão, mosses or aquatic plants. du Bois-Reymond Marcus (1944)

• 23°33′S, 46°38′W; 750 m asl: São Paulo State, São Paulo. de Barros (1943)

Chile:

• 18°11′S, 69°13′W; 4,800 m asl [4,550 m asl]: Region XV Arica y Parinacota, Laguna La Cotacotani, leaf litter. Iharos (1969)

• 20°12′S, 69°17′W: Undefined locality in Region I Tarapac, Bofedal de Bajuco, soil under red cactus. Iharos (1969)

• 32°58′S, 71°01′W; 1,170–2,130 m asl: Region V Valparaíso (Región de Valparaíso), Cerro El Roble, mosses and leaf litter (2 samples). Ramazzotti (1964a)

• 32°58′S, 71°00′W; 1,170–1,230 m asl: Region V Valparaíso (Región de Valparaíso), Cerro El Roble, leaf litter (2 samples). Ramazzotti (1964b)

• 33°04′S, 71°00′W; 1,000 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Tiltil, Cuesta La Dormida, leaf litter on dry forest. Iharos (1969)

• 33°04′S, 70°57′W; 1,100 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), near Tiltil, leaf litter ( Drimys winteri var. chiloense ). Ramazzotti (1964a)

• 33°20′S, 70°17′W; 2,800–3,000 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), La Parva, lichens. Ramazzotti (1964a)

• 33°30′S, 70°55′W; 850 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Quebrada de La Plata, shrubs upland, lichens on rocks. Iharos (1969)

• 30°25′S – 37°45′S [37 ° 43′S, 73 ° 02′W], 1,100 m asl: Undefined locality in Region IX Araucania (Región de la Araucanía), Cordillera Nahuelbuta (Cabrería) on south of Concepción, mixed rainforest with Araucaria araucana , Nothofagus obliqua and N. dombeyi , lichens on Nothofagus sp. Ramazzotti (1962a)

• 39°50′S, 73°12′W; 30 m asl: Region XIV Los Ríos (Región de Los Ríos), neighbourhood of Valdivia, mosses and lichens. Ramazzotti (1964b)

Record numbers: Argentina: 14, Bolivia: 5, Brazil: 2, Chile: 10; total: 31.

Remarks: Hypsibius convergens sensu lato is a species complex ( Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2009a) with an apparent global distribution ( McInnes 1994a). The taxa within this complex require careful examination, and can only be determined via subtle details of claws and other morphometric characters (e.g. Miller et al. 2005, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2009a).