Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri ( Doyère, 1840 ) sensu

Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Michalczyk, Łukasz & Mcinnes, Sandra J., 2015, Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America, Zootaxa 3923 (1), pp. 1-107 : 52-53

123. Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri ( Doyère, 1840) sensu lato [T]

Macrobiotus oberhäuseri Doy. ( Richters 1908a)

Makrobiotus oberhäuseri var. granulatus mihi ( Richters 1911a)

Macrobiotus oberhäuseri Duj. , Macrobiotus oberhäuseri var. granulatus Richters ( Heinis 1914) Hypsibius oberhäuseri Doy. 1840 ( Rahm 1931, 1932)

Hypsibius (Hypsibius) oberhaeuseri ( Doyère, 1840) (de Barros 1943)

H. (H.) oberhaeuseri ( Doyère, 1840 (du Bois-Reymond Marcus 1944)

Hypsibius (Hypsibius) oberhaeuseri ( Doyere, 1840) ( Ramazzotti 1964a) Hypsibius (Hypsibius) oberhaeuseri ( Ramazzotti 1964b)

H. (H.) oberhäuseri ( Mihelčič 1967, 1972)

H. oberhaeuseri ( Doy., 1840) ( Claps & Rossi 1984)

H. oberhaeuseri ( Doyére, 1840) ( Claps & Rossi 1988)

Hypsibius oberhaeuseri ( Doyéré, 1840) ( Maucci 1988)

R. oberhaeuseri ( Doyere, 1840) ( Rossi & Claps 1989)

Terra typica: Germany (Europe)

Argentina:

• 24°45′S, 65°28′W; 1,300 m asl: Salta Province, road from Salta to San Lorenzo, lichens on tree. Claps & Rossi (1984)

• 24°55′S, 64°09′W; 400 m asl: Salta Province, road from Las Lajitas to J.V. González, lichens on tree in the mountains and lichens on tree (3 samples). Claps & Rossi (1984)

• 26°08′S, 5435′W; 150 m asl: Misiones Province, Arroyo Torocuá, 12 km S Puerto Esperanza, moss on rock. Claps & Rossi (1988)

• 35°40′S, 63°44′W; 143 m asl: La Pampa Province, General Pico, mosses and lichens on trees. Moly de Peluffo et al. (2006)

• 36°39′S, 64°17′W; 177 m asl: La Pampa Province, Santa Rosa [Santa Rosa de Toay], mosses and lichens on trees ( Robinia pseudoacacia , few species of Fraxinus or Prosopis caldenia ). Peluffo et al. (2007)

• 38°43′S, 68°02′W; 300 m asl: Rio Negro Province, Lago Pellegrini, lichens on root of shrub ( Monttea aphylla ) (2 samples). Rossi & Claps (1989)

• 38°56′S, 68°00′W; 250 m asl: Rio Negro Province, Cipolletti, mosses on soil. Rossi & Claps (1989)

• 41°58′S, 71°31′W; 390 m asl: Rio Negro Province, Bolson [El Bolsón], cypress grove, mosses on dry singles trees exposed to full sun and wind. Mihelčič (1967)

• 42°42′S, 70°30′W; 500 m asl: Chubut Province, Gualjaina, moss on soil. Rossi & Claps (1989)

• 54°48′S, 68°18′W; 50 m asl: Tierra del Fuego Province, Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia. Richters (1908a)

• Undefined localities cited according Mihelčič (1967), dry mosses and lichens on trees in full sun, shaded and wet mosses and lichens on tree and soil (4 samples). Mihelčič (1972)

Bolivia:

• 14°49′S, 69°04′W; 11–12,000 ft asl / 3,350–3,650 m asl: La Paz Department, Pelechuco. Murray & Wailes (1913)

Brazil:

• 22°30′S, 44°34′W; 400 m asl: São Paulo State [Rio de Janeiro State], Itatiáia. de Barros (1943)

• 22°44′S, 45°35′W; 1,650 m asl: São Paulo State, Campos do Jordão, mosses or aquatic plants. du Bois-Reymond Marcus (1944)

• 22°45′S, 47°24′W; 550 m asl: São Paulo State, Município de Sta. Bárbara [Município Santa Bárbara d ′Oeste], mosses or aquatic plants. du Bois-Reymond Marcus (1944)

• 23°20′S, 46°35′W; 800 m asl: São Paulo State, Juquerí. de Barros (1943)

• 23°22′S, 46°44′W; 800 m asl: São Paulo State, Caieiras. de Barros (1943)

• 23°32′S, 46°38′W; 750 m asl: São Paulo State, neighbourhood of São Paulo, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

Chile:

• 32°58′S, 71°00′W; 1,170–1,230 m asl: Region V Valparaíso (Región de Valparaíso), Cerro El Roble, leaf litter. Ramazzotti (1964b)

• 33°04′S, 70°57′W; 1,100 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), near Tiltil, leaf litter ( Drimys winteri var. chiloense ). Ramazzotti (1964a)

• 33°20′S, 70°36′W; 1,400 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Santiago de Chile and vicinity, Manquehue Mt., dry soil and mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 33°20′S, 70°17′W; 2,800m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), La Parva, lichens on rock. Ramazzotti (1964a)

• 33°33′S, 70°34′W; 650 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Santiago de Chile and vicinity, San Jorge near de Nos, dry soil and mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 36°48′S, 73°01′W; 0 m asl: Region VIII Biobío (Región del Biobío), neighbourhood of Concepción, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 38°44′S, 72°35′W; 100 m asl: Region IX Araucania (Región de la Araucanía), Temuco, lichens ( Parmelia sp., Leptogium ruginosum ). Richters (1911a)

• 39°52′S, 73°23′W; 100 m asl: Region XIV Los Ríos (Región de Los Ríos), neighbourhood of Valdivia-Niebla, mosses and algae. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 41°19′S, 72°58′W; 50 m asl: Region X Los Lagos (Región de Los Lagos), Puerto Varas and Cayutué, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 42°37′S, 73°49′W; 100 m asl: Region X Los Lagos (Región de Los Lagos), Chiloé Island, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 53°08′S, 70°54′W; 0 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Punta Arenas, mosses on branches, in the shade. Maucci (1988)

Colombia:

• 07°09′N, 75°23′W; 1,400 m asl: Antioquia Department, Cafetal La Camelia, mosses ( Trichostomum raapaii Broth. Leucobryum sp.) (2 samples). Heinis (1914)

• 04°54′N, 75°23′W; 3,600 m asl: Tolima Department, Nevado del Ruiz, W slope near mine, moss ( Brentelia falcatula n. sp.). Heinis (1914)

• 02°44′N, 76°50′W; 2,000 m asl: Cauca Department, above Tambo, moss ( Thuidium sp.) and hepatic ( Frullania coalita Steph. ). Heinis (1914)

Record numbers: Argentina: 11, Bolivia: 1, Brazil: 6, Chile: 11, Colombia: 3; total: 32.

Remarks: Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri is a species complex with a cosmopolitan distribution ( McInnes 1994a, see also Pilato et al. 2013). Recent papers have begun to identify individual species (see: Degma et al. 2009–2014) but most require eggs to be present (see Biserov 1998 for a diagnostic key to the genus). The South American records probably indicate one or more new species, which require further study.