Ctenognathus cardiophorus ( Chaudoir, 1878 )

Larochelle & Larivière, Marie-Claude, 2021, Synopsis of the tribe Platynini in New Zealand (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Insecta Mundi 2021 (864), pp. 1-96 : 38-39

Ctenognathus cardiophorus ( Chaudoir, 1878)

Fig. 60 , 103 , 126

Colpodes cardiophorus Chaudoir, 1878: 305 . Holotype: female (MNHN) labeled “ExMusaeo Chaudoir (typed) / cardiophorus Chaud. Nouv. Zélande C. Laferté (hand-written).”

Anchomenus parabilis Broun, 1880: 20 . Holotype: “Whangarei Heads” [ND] (BMNH could not be located). New synonym

Ctenognathus parabilis: Broun 1893: 986 .

Ctenognathus cardiophorus: Hutton 1904: 144 .

Colpodes cardiophorus: Csiki 1931: 749 .

Ctenognathus cardiophorus: Hudson 1934: 174 .

Description. Body length 11.3–13.8 mm. Head, pronotum, and elytra coal black; abdomen blackish; antennae and palpi reddish; femora rufopiceous; tibiae and tarsi reddish. Microsculpture very transverse (with microlines) on head, pronotum, and elytra. Iridescence absent. Moderately shiny. Forebody narrow in comparison to elytra. Head. Narrow. Mandibles moderately long and curved anteriorly. Labrum strongly transverse, slightly emarginate anteriorly. Eyes moderately convex; two setiferous punctures on inner side of each eye. Tempora not inflated. Neck constriction shallow dorsolaterally. Mentum: medial tooth truncate apically; two setae. Submentum with four setae. Palpi with terminal segment obtuse apically. Thorax. Pronotum slightly convex, impunctate, deeply wrinkled on disc, narrow, strongly cordate, widest about middle; apex slightly emarginate; anterolateral angles well developed, angulate; anterior bead complete; sides strongly rounded, not sinuate posteriorly; lateral beads complete; lateral depressions wide, more so posteriorly; a single setiferous puncture on each side (anteriorly); posterolateral angles acute, projected laterally; laterobasal foveae unusually depressed, shallow, moderately wide, prolonged forward; posterior bead complete, less impressed near posterolateral angles; base emarginate. Legs. Very long. Metafemora with two posteroventral setae. Meso- and metatarsomeres 1–4 well developed, tricarinate dorsally, deeply bisulcate laterally. Metatarsomeres 4 moderately bilobed and asymmetrical apically. Metatarsomeres 5 glabrous ventrally. Elytra. Moderately convex, not sloping down toward apex, subovate, widest about middle. Shoulders moderately rounded. Sides strongly rounded. Scutellar setiferous pore invisible. Scutellar striole short, impunctate. Striae obsolete, impunctate. Intervals moderately convex; interval 3 without setiferous punctures. Umbilicate series with 18–21 setiferous punctures. Subapical sinuations moderately strong. Apices obtusely rounded. Abdomen. Sterna IV–VI: both sexes with two long apical ambulatory setae. Sternum VII (last visible sternum): male with two long apical ambulatory setae; female with eight long apical ambulatory setae. Aedeagus. Lateral view ( Fig. 103 ): strongly arcuate; base strongly convex, with basal lobe very wide; middle strongly convex dorsally, moderately concave ventrally, with dorsal membranous area biconvex, strongly widened in apical half and very long; apex moderately convex dorsally, rather straight ventrally, with extreme tip moderately wide and moderately long. Dorsal view: moderately wide, asymmetrical (ostium of membranous area deflected to the left); basal bulb moderately distant from membranous area.

Material examined. 519 specimens ( AMNZ, BMNH, CMNH, LUNZ, MNHN, MONZ, NZAC).

Geographic distribution ( Fig. 126 ). North Island: AK, CL, ND, WO.

Ecology. Lowland. Epigean, fossorial. Wet forests (broadleaf, podocarp) and tree plantations (pine). Associated with streams and slopes. Shaded ground; wet, soaked soil. Nocturnal; hides during the day under logs, fallen branches, and stones. Gregarious.

Biology. Seasonality: Throughout the year. Tenerals: November–January. Predacious (based on mouthpart morphology). Predators: Spiders. Occasionally infested with mites.

Dispersal power. Subapterous (incapable of flight). Swift runner.

Collecting techniques. Pitfall trapping; turning logs, fallen branches, and stones.

References. Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 134, 136 (as Ctenognathus cardiophorus , C. parabilis , catalogue; biology, dispersal power, ecology, geographic distribution, references), 2007: 111 (as C. cardiophorus , C. parabilis ; list), 2016: 36–37 (as C. cardiophorus , C. parabilis ; list).

Remarks. The holotype of Anchomenus parabilis could not be located in BMNH where Broun’s specimens can usually be found. However, there is no ambiguity regarding the identity of this taxon. Furthermore, a non-type male specimen from the Broun Collection (BMNH) was examined. This specimen is from Hunua-Wairoa [= Wairoa, Hunua Ranges] (AK) and its morphology corresponds to Broun’s original description of Ctenognathus cardiophorus .

Figures

Figures 57–60. Dorsal habitus. 57) Ctenognathus garnerae new species. 58) C. tepaki new species. 59) C. urewera new species. 60) C. cardiophorus. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 101–107. Aedeagus, lateral. 101) Ctenognathus tepaki new species. 102) C. urewera new species. 103) C. cardiophorus. 104) C. adamsi. 105) C. pictonensis. 106) C. tawanui new species. 107) C. perumalae new species.

Figures 124–129. Species distribution maps. 124) Ctenognathus adamsi. 125) C. arnaudensis. 126) C. cardiophorus. 127) C. colensonis. 128) C. davidsoni new species. 129) C. earlyi new species.