Phytocoris, Fallen, 1814

Hosseini, Reza & Mohammadi, Saadi, 2018, A new species of the genus Phytocoris (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae) from western Iran, Zootaxa 4446 (4), pp. 567-574 : 571-573

Key to the species of Phytocoris subgenus Eckerleinius

known in Iran and adjacent regions, based on males, modified from Linnavuori (2000)

1 1 st antennal segment long, 1.4–1.7× head width across the eyes in dorsal view. Nearly as long as posterior width of pronotum or even longer.......................................................................................... 2

- 1 st antennal segment shorter, at most 1.3× head width across the eyes in dorsal view. Distinctly shorter than posterior width of pronotum........................................................................................... 16

2 1 st antennal segment incrassate........................................................................... 3

- 1 st antennal segment gracile.............................................................................. 8

3 Lateral margin of pronotum rounded ventrad and concolorous. Right paramere elongate and totally sclerified............ 4

- Lateral margin of pronotum subacute, whitish. Right paramere broad, with subapical cavity.......................... 6

4 Posterior margin of pronotum with 4 blunt hairy tubercles. Apophysis of left paramere with subbasal tubercle................................................................................................. Ph. niveatus Horvath

- Posterior margin of pronotum smooth. Apophysis of left paramere simple........................................ 5

5 Smaller species, 5.75 mm (♂), 2nd antennal segment 2.5–2.6× head width, spiculum with about 23 teeth................................................................................................. Ph. elburzanus Linnavuori

- Longer species, 7.6–8.1 mm (♂), 2nd antennal segment 2.9–3.2× head width, spiculum with about 17 teeth.............................................................................................. Ph. hawramanicum sp. nov.

6 Posterior margin of pronotum smooth. Apophysis of left paramere without a serrate ridge............................ 7

- Posterior margin of pronotum not smooth. Apophysis of left paramere with a serrate longitudinal ridge. Spiculum curved, ocular index (♂) 1.65–1.95............................................................ Ph. kermanus Linnavuori

7 Eyes smaller, ocular index (♂) 2.0–2.32. Spiculum with 24 teeth................. Ph. kandovanus Linnavuori & Hosseini

- Eyes larger, ocular index 1.53–1.60. Spiculum with 15 teeth................................... Ph. heissi Linnavuori

8 Lateral margins of pronotum subacute.................................................................... 9

- Lateral margins of pronotum rounded ventrad.............................................................. 13

9 Disk of pronotum ornamented with dark irroration and a conspicuous sub–posterior margin transverse black band. Spiculum short, ovate, marginally dentate....................................................... Ph. dlabolai Linnavuori

- Pronotum with a contrasted lineaticollis pattern: lateral and posterior margins and a percurrent median line on disk whitish, these bands bordered with dark fuscous.................................................................. 10

10 1 st antennal segment black with whitish spots or lines....................................................... 11

- 1 st antennal segment pale yellowish, at most with faint dark markings.......................................... 12

11 2nd antennal segment uniformly blackish brown. Left side of pygophore with large horn–shaped process.................................................................................................... Ph. lineaticollis Reuter

- 2nd antennal segment apically yellow–brown, basally blackish. Left side of pygophore with short tubercle.................................................................................................. Ph. eileithyia Linnavuori

12 Posterior margin of pronotum with 4 tubercles bearing tufts of black hairs. Femora pale with longitudinal dark bands........................................................................................... Ph. crito Linnavuori

- Posterior margin of pronotum smooth. Femora dark brown with pale markings.................... Ph. moira Linnavuori

13 Pronotum broad, weakly convex, with lineaticollis pattern. Hair covering on upper surface pale. Left paramere with prominent dentate sensory lobe................................................................................. 14

- Pronotum narrow, strongly convex, with only indistinct lineaticollis pattern. Semierect hairs on upper surface dark. Left paramere broadly curvate, sensory lobe rounded............................................. Ph. calliger Wagner

14 Dark longitudinal sublateral bands on the pronotum present, spiculum without a claw–like basal process.................................................................................... Ph. arwa Linnavuori & Al –Safadi Yemen

- Dark longitudinal sublateral bands on the pronotum absent, spiculum with a claw–like basal process.................. 15

15 Paler species, ocular index (♂) 1.24–1.35, 2nd antennal segment 2.10–2.42× (♂) posterior width of pronotom, spiculum with five strong blunt teeth................................ Ph. sweihanus Linnavuori & van Harten United Arab Emirates

- Darker species, ocular index (♂) 1.1–1.18, 2nd antennal segment 1.5× (♂) posterior width of pronotom, spiculum with more than five strong blunt teeth............................................................. Ph. semicrux Wagner

16 Posterior margin of pronotum with transverse row of 4 distinct pale tubercles...................... Ph. undulates Reuter

- Posterior margin of pronotum with at most faint elevations.................................................. 17

17 1 st antennal segment shorter than head width across the eyes in dorsal view. Small species, length 5.25–5.50 mm ........ 18

- 1 st antennal segment longer than head width across the eyes in dorsal view....................................... 19

18 2nd antennal segment uniformly pale yellow. Left paramere with horn–like dentate sensory lobe..... Ph. kyzulkumi Muminov

- 2nd antennal segment whitish ochraceous with faint brown subbasal ring. Left paramere with small triangular sensory lobe.................................................................................... Ph. transcaspicus Stichel

19 1 st antennal segment and femora with pale, upper surface of body with blackish long semierect hairs......................................................................................... Ph. khalkhalicus Linnavuori & Hosseini

- Hair covering on extremities and upper surface much shorter................................................. 20

20 Small species, length 5.25 mm. 2nd antennal segment pale ochraceous with whitish base and faint dark subbasal ring....................................................................................... Ph. bakrianus Linnavuori

- Larger species. 2nd antennal segment yellow–brown or ochraceous, base narrowly whitish.......................... 21

21 Head with distinct dark pattern......................................................................... 22

- Head pale.......................................................................................... 24

22 Eyes large, ocular index (♂) 1.23. Apex of apophysis of left paramere with triangular expansion.... Ph. filomele Linnavuori

- Eyes smaller. Apophysis of left paramere digitate.......................................................... 23

23 Tarsi bicolored, dark brown with 2nd tarsomeres pale. Left side of pygophore with strong horn–like tubercle................................................................................................ Ph. schaeuffelei Wagner

- Tarsi uniformly dark. Pygophore without tubercles....................................... Ph. marvanus Linnavuori

24 Scutellum nearly uniformly pale. Spiculum curvate, sharp–tipped............................ Ph. enmerkar Linnavuori

- Scutellum with dark pattern. Spiculum broad and straight.................................................... 25

25 Lateral margins of pronotum distinctly insinuated. Spiculum with about 19 strong teeth.......... Ph. shorensis Linnavuori - Lateral margins of pronotum straight.................................................................... 26 26 Eyes large, ocular index (♂) 0.97–1.12. Spiculum with 14 large apically truncate teeth......... Ph. anabasidis Linnavuori - Eyes smaller, ocular index (♂) 1.24–1.28. Spiculum with 10–13 blunt teeth............ Ph. somersojae Kerzhner & Schuh