Pristaulacus patrati ( Audinet-Serville, 1833 )

Published, First, 2007, Revision of the Palaearctic species of Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900 (Hymenoptera: Aulacidae), Zootaxa 1433, pp. 1-76 : 61-63

Pristaulacus patrati ( Audinet-Serville, 1833)

( Figs. 21, 41, 61, 81, 119)

Aulacus Patrati Audinet-Serville, 1833: 415 (♀).

Aulacus latreilleanus Nees von Esenbeck, 1834: 304 (♀).

Pristaulacus latreilleanus: Kieffer, 1912: 384 .

Pristaulacus patrati: Kieffer, 1912: 384 .

Pristaulacus latreilleanus: Hedicke, 1939: 11 .

Pristaulacus patrati: Hedicke, 1939: 14 .

Aulacostethus patrati: Györfi, 1964: 51 .

Pristaulacus patrati: Smith, 2001: 293 .

Material examined. AUSTRIA: Kronstein , 16.VII.1883, 1♀, Nied. - Oest., E. Berher 1886 ( NMW) ; Vienna, Prater , 1♀, coll. Giraud 1877 ( MNHN) . 1♀ (without data) (sub Pristaulacus Latreilleanus Nees, Schmiedeknecht det.) ( DEI) .

Records from literature. Audinet-Serville (1833), Labram & Imhoff (1838), Westwood (1844), Kieffer (1912), Ceballos (1956), Györfi (1964), Oehlke (1983, 1984), Madl (1988).

Type locality. “Trouvé aux environs de Tours” ( Audinet-Serville 1833).

Notes on type material. The type material of Aulacus patrati has not been located ( Smith 2001); my research in the main European collections have not stated if it is still in existence.

Redescription. ♀. Length (excluding ovipositor): 10.5 mm; fore wing length: 8.5 mm.

Colour black, except: mandible extensively red orange, with base blackish and apex reddish brown; maxillo-labial complex dark brown, with maxillary palpus lighter; antenna blackish brown with A1 and A2 dark red; fore and mid coxae, trochanters, proximal half of fore and mid femora, hind femur and tibia dark brown; hind coxa blackish brown; remaining parts of fore and mid legs brown orange; hind tarsus yellow; wings hyaline, uniformly yellowish, with veins light brown, and stigma brown, lighter in middle part; fore wing with a light brown spot below stigma, reaching SM2, and two irregular light brown spots, one between SB and SD 1, other in apical part of D2; hind wing with traces of some veins; metasomal segments 1–3 and most of segment 4 red orange, with dorsal part of T1 black; valvula 3 of ovipositor blackish brown. Setae: light brown, except yellow gold on mandible.

Head ( Figs. 21, 41), from above, 1.3x wider than long, polished and shiny; occipital margin slightly concave; temple, from above, well developed, 0.8x as long as eye length, weakly convergent posteriorly and weakly convex; occipital carina narrow, cerciniform, 0.2x diameter of an ocellus; POL:OOL= 1.0; ocellar area 2.4x wider than long; frons and clypeus with coarse, superficial, and dense punctures (distance between punctures as diameter of a puncture); temple and vertex with moderately coarse, deep, and moderately dense punctures; malar area irregularly punctate, with moderately coarse, deep, and dense punctures; occipital area extensively rugulose; mandible polished and shiny with coarse and deep punctures on base and in middle; antenna length 0.8x fore wing length; A3 6.0x longer than wide; A4 9.8x longer than wide, and 1.6x longer than A3; A5 8.2x longer than wide, and 1.4x longer than A3; following antennomeres progressively shorter, apical one dorsoventrally compressed, with rounded apex, 2.0x longer than wide. Setae: erect or semierect, very long, and dense on frons, less dense on vertex and temple; semierect, long, and dense on A1; setae length of temple and of frons 2x or more diameter of an ocellus.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 61) coarsely sculptured; pronotum areolate rugose with a median well-developed tooth on each lateroventral margin; propleuron polished, shiny, with coarse, slightly defined, very superficial, and scattered punctures (distance between punctures 2–3x diameter of a puncture); prescutum triangular, weakly concave in middle, irregularly rugose; mesoscutum areolate rugose to irregularly transverse carinate (poorly defined carinae), with anterior margin, in lateral view, regularly rounded; notaulus deep and wide; scutellum transverse carinate, with scattered and concentric carinae; mesopleuron coarsely areolate rugose, except a small area on upper third, less coarsely areolate rugose; metanotum polished and shiny, with some longitudinal carinae; propodeum areolate rugose, with base longitudinally carinate; ventral parts of mesosoma extensively areolate rugose, transverse carinate medially; fore wing with vein 2-rs+m short; fore coxa polished, shiny, with poorly defined, superficial, and scattered punctures; mid coxa extensively transverse carinulate, polished on inner half; hind coxa ( Fig. 81) shiny, with a few irregular transverse carinae on dorsal surface, polished, with superficial and scattered punctures on ventral surface, except on apical third, extensively transverse carinulate; trochanters polished, shiny, with irregular, fine to moderately coarse, deep, and scattered to moderately dense punctures, less dense on ventral surface of fore trochanter; dorsal surface of femora dull, with moderately coarse, deep, and dense punctures, ventral surface shiny, with fine, superficial, and scattered to very scattered punctures; ventral surface of hind femur extensively transverse striolate; inner spur of mid and hind tibiae slightly longer than outer spur; hind basitarsus 10.0x longer than wide, and 1.1x longer than tarsomeres 2–5; claw with four well-developed teeth. Setae: erect, moderately long, and scattered, longer on lateral and ventral parts; erect, long, and scattered on hind surface of propodeum; erect, long, and moderately dense on propleuron, with setae length as fore pretarsus length; recumbent and moderately long and dense on dorsal surface of fore and mid femora, erect, longer, and scattered on ventral surface; semierect or recumbent, short, and moderately dense on hind femur.

Metasoma moderately compressed laterally, pyriform in lateral view; petiole elongate, 3.7x longer than wide; segments 1 and 2 polished and shiny; following segments very finely sculptured; median part of T3–T7 with regular, fine, superficial, and scattered punctures; S7 with moderately coarse, deep, and scattered punctures; T8 with a few punctures on apical margin; ovipositor 1.1x longer than fore wing length; valvula 3 of ovipositor with apex acute. Setae: segments 1 and 2 glabrous; recumbent, short, and moderately dense on the remaining segments.

ď. The male of this species was not formally described, although some generic data are provided by Labram & Imhoff (1838) and Kieffer (1912).

Intraspecific variation. Examined: 3♀. Length (excluding ovipositor): 9.9–10.5 mm (♀); fore wing length: 8.0– 8.5 mm (♀); ovipositor length 1.0–1.2x fore wing length.

Distribution. Spain, France, Austria, Germany, Hungary, Switzerland.

Remarks. This species shows two autoapomorphic characters among Palaearctic Pristaulacus : 1) occipital fossa transverse carinulate; 2) setae of the head very long, more than two times diameter of an ocellus (Turrisi 2004).

Biology. Hosts: Xiphydria longicollis (Geoffroy, 1785) ( Hymenoptera , Xiphydriidae ) ( Ratzeburg 1852; Laboulbène 1877); also indicated as parasitoid of an unidentified Xiphydria Latreille ( Lichtenstein & Picard 1918) .