Mycomystes Gorham, 1888

Pecci-Maddalena, Italo S. C., Skelley, Paul & Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano, 2021, Taxonomic review of Mycomystes Gorham, 1888 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini), Journal of Natural History 54 (47 - 48), pp. 3075-3102 : 3078-3080

Mycomystes Gorham, 1888

Mycomystes Gorham 1888: 71 ; Kuhnt 1909: 58, 77; Deelder 1942: 54; Alvarenga 1965: 86, 1994: 38; Skelley and Powell 2018: 312; Pecci-Maddalena and Lopes-Andrade 2020: 579.

Type species

Mycomystes ferrugineus Gorham, 1888 ( Figure 34–35 ), by monotypy.

Distribution

Neotropical ( Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guiana, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela).

Included species

Mycomystes apicalis ( Lacordaire, 1842) , new combination

= Mycotretus gemmula Lacordaire, 1842 , new synonym

= Mycotretus gentilis Lacordaire, 1842 , new synonym

= Mycotretus nigroterminatus Lacordaire, 1842 , new synonym

= Mycotretus pulicarius Lacordaire, 1842 , new synonym

= Mycotretus coccinelloides Taschenberg, 1870 , new synonym

= Mycotretus corallipennis Crotch, 1876 , new synonym

Mycomystes coccineus ( Lacordaire, 1842) , new combination

= Mycotretus unicolor Fauvel, 1860 , new synonym

= Mycotretus sanguinosus Crotch, 1876 , new synonym

Mycomystes ferrugineus Gorham, 1888

Mycomystes fuscitarsis ( Lacordaire, 1842) new combination

Mycomystes melanophthalmus ( Duponchel, 1825) , new combination

= Erotylus (Brachymerus) cinctellus Guérin-Méneville, 1841 , new synonym

= Mycotretus discoidalis Taschenberg, 1870 , new synonym

Mycomystes nigriventris Pecci-Maddalena and Lopes-Andrade, 2020

Mycomystes peruvianus ( Kirsch, 1876) , new combination

Generic diagnosis

Body small (TL: 2.8–7.5 mm) oval to almost circular, glossy. Head: antennal club with four antennomeres, antennomeres IX–XI distinctly transverse; complete clypeal marginal bead present ( Figure 1 ); subgenal braces obliquely towards the inner edge of eyes, with a complete inner carina which is parallel to an outer carina ( Figure 2 , arrow). Mouthparts: apical maxillary palpomere asymmetrically widened, semicircular medially and elongated laterally to a gradual acute apex ( Figure 3 , big black arrows) and approximately 5× wider than apical labial palps ( Figure 3 , small white arrow); right mandible with a conspicuous and glabrous tooth on the inner side (absent in left mandible) ( Figure 4 , arrow); large subpentagonal mentum with subequal sides, with a nearly rounded outline ( Figures 5–6 ). Thorax: basal elytral marginal bead present ( Figure 7 , arrows); apex of prosternal process wider than procoxae, extending laterally outwardly ( Figure 3 ); procoxal lines inconspicuous; tibiae short, sometimes conspicuously widened apically ( Figures 8–9 ); metendosternite well-developed ( Figures 10–11 ), laminae present, anterior tendons usually thin ( Figure 10 , arrow) but conspicuously widened in the males of M. coccineus ( Figure 11 ). Abdomen: coxal lines conspicuous and very long, extending laterally outwardly and sometimes reaching the posterior edge of ventrite 1 ( Figure 12 , arrows). Genitalia. Males: Except for M. peruvianus , which has a flagellar head with the inner contour widely separated at posterior border and gradually converging to anterior border, the general pattern observed in the other species is the following: flagellar head with the inner contours closely separated at posterior border and gradually diverging from posterior to anterior border, which can be completely fused or not at middle ( Figures 13–16 ). Females: vaginal process present and usually elongate to the level of gonostyli ( Figures 17–18 , arrows).

Figures

Figures 34-39. Specimens of Mycomystes ferrugineus Gorham, 1888 and M. fuscitarsis (Lacordaire, 1842): (34–35) Lectotype of Mycomystes ferrugineus (BMNH) and its labels. (36–37) Lectotype of Mycotretus fuscitarsis (MRSN), here transferred to Mycomystes, and its labels. (38–39) Female M. fuscitarsis from Mexico (MNRJ). Scale bars: 1 mm (36); 0.5 (38–39).

Figures 1-12. Generic diagnostic characters of Mycomystes Gorham, 1888: (1) Head of M. peruvianus (Kirsch, 1876), arrow showing the complete clypeal marginal bead. (2) Subgenal braces of M. coccineus (Lacordaire, 1842), arrow showing the inner carina. (3) Partial view of the mouthparts of M. coccineus, big arrows showing the apical maxillary palpomeres and small arrow showing an apical labial palp. (4) Right mandible of M. nigriventris Pecci-Maddalena and Lopes-Andrade,2020, arrow showing the teeth. (5–6) Mentum plate of M. coccineus and M. melanophthalmus (Duponchel, 1825), respectively. (7) Partial view of the pronotum and elytra of M. apicalis (Lacordaire, 1842), arrows showing the basal elytral marginal bead. (8–9) Mesotibia of M. apicalis and M. melanophthalmus, respectively. (10–11) Metendosternite of M. melanophthalmus and of a male of M. coccineus, respectively,arrow in Figure 10 showing the anterior tendon. (12) Abdomen of M. peruvianus, arrows showing the coxal lines. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (2, 4–6, 10–11); 0.25 mm (8–9); 0.5 mm (3, 7).

Figures 13-18. Genitalia of Mycomystes Gorham, 1888: (13–16) Male flagellar head of M. apicalis (Lacordaire, 1842), M. coccineus (Lacordaire, 1842), M. melanophthalmus (Duponchel, 1825), M. nigriventris Pecci-Maddalena and Lopes-Andrade, 2020, respectively. (17–18) Female genitalia of M. nigriventris and M. coccineus, respectively, arrows showing the vaginal process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (13–17).