Scorpiops dii, Kovařík & Lowe & Stockmann & Šťáhlavský, 2020

Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark & Šťáhlavský, František, 2020, Revision of genus-group taxa in the family Scorpiopidae Kraepelin, 1905, with description of 15 new species (Arachnida Scorpiones), Euscorpius 325, pp. 1-140 : 50-56

Scorpiops dii sp. n.

( Figures 162 , 184 , 186 , 374–413 , 799 , 803 , Tables 3, 9) http: //zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8F00E611-

0313-400A-9879-884A44D0B88E

Euscorpiops sp. 3 : Šťáhlavský et al., in press.

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Thailand, Chang Mai Province , Mae Kum Pong (18.862°N 99.35°E), 55 km N Chang Mai, 600-800 m a. s. l. ; FKCP.

TYPE MATERIAL. Thailand, Chang Mai Province , Mae Kum Pong (18.862°N 99.35°E), 55 km N Chang Mai, 600-800 m a. s. l., X.2018 , UV detection, 1♂ (holotype) 2♂ 2♀ (paratypes, 1568), local collector , FKCP.

ETYMOLOGY. The specific epithet honors Zjiyong Di ( China) for his contribution to the knowledge of the scorpiopid fauna of China.

DIAGNOSIS (♂ ♀). Total length 38 mm (male) to 58 mm (female). Base color uniformly reddish black to black. Telson and tarsomere II of legs reddish brown. Pectine teeth number 7–8 in male, 7 in females; fulcra absent; marginal lamellae I (basal) and III present, marginal lamella II undefined, connected with middle lamella to form one compact unit. Patella of pedipalp with 18 (5 eb, 2 esb, 2 em, 4 est, 5 et) external and 9–11 ventral trichobothria. Chela of pedipalp with 4 V series trichobothria located on ventral surface. Chelal trichobothrium Eb 3 located in middle of manus between trichobothria Dt and Est. Fingers of pedipalps undulate in both sexes. Chela length to width ratio 3.11 in male, 3.17 in female. Pedipalp movable finger with 50–56 IAD, which have the same size as MD (more than 90 in number) and create a second row; there are also 6 ID and 14 OD present. Tarsomere II of leg III with row of five stout median ventral spinules and two pairs of flanking setae. Metasoma I – II with 10 carinae and metasoma II – IV with 8 carinae. Telson elongate and granulate, length to depth ratio 3.26 in male and 3.55 in female; annular ring developed in both sexes .

DESCRIPTION (♂ ♀). Total length 38 mm (male) to 58 mm (female). Habitus as shown in Figs. 374–377 . For position and distribution of trichobothria on pedipalps, see Figs. 386a–391a . Sexual dimorphism minor: adult males have larger pectines than adult females; fingers of pedipalps undulate in both sexes ( Figs. 387 and 397 ).

Coloration ( Fig. 413 ). Base color uniformly reddish black to black. Telson and tarsomere II of legs reddish brown, sternites lighter, yellowish to reddish brown. Chelicerae yellowish brown and reticulate, fingers black.

Carapace and mesosoma ( Figs. 402–405 ). Entire carapace covered with both large and minute granules; carinae absent. Anterior margin of carapace with a deep median notch. Carapace with 3 pairs of lateral eyes of which two are normal and one is reduced. Mesosoma granulated, with one median carina. Tergite VII is pentacarinate. Sternites smooth to very finely granulated with two parallel furrows except sternite VII, which has four sparsely granulate carinae. Pectine teeth number 7–8 in males and 7 in females. Pectines with marginal lamellae I (basal) and III present, marginal lamella II is not defined, but connected with middle lamella to form one compact unit.

Metasoma and telson ( Figs. 378–385 ). Metasoma sparsely hirsute and granulated, with sparse, relatively large granules. Metasomal segments I–II with 10 carinae, III–IV with 8 carinae, and V with 5 carinae. Median lateral carinae of metasoma V indicated by isolated granules that may coalesce into carinae. Dorsolateral carinae of segments III–IV terminate posteriorly in a slightly pronounced tooth. Telson elongate and granulate with annular ring developed in both sexes.

Pedipalps ( Figs. 386–395 ). Pedipalps very sparsely hirsute. Patella with 18 (5 eb, 2 esb, 2 em, 4 est, 5 et) external trichobothria and 9–11 ventral trichobothria. Chela with 4 V series trichobothria located on ventral surface. Femur and patella granulated. Femur with 5 granulose carinae, and patella with 5 carinae with dorsal and ventral patellar spurs pronounced. Manus dorsally with fine, rounded granules, which in the central area form an irregular dorsal secondary carina. External surface of chela densely covered by minute granules, with an almost complete external secondary carina. Movable fingers bear 50–56 IAD, which have the same size as MD (more than 90 in number) and create a second row; there are also 6 ID and 14 OD present.

Legs ( Figs. 406–409 ). Tibia and tarsomeres of legs with several setae not arranged into bristle combs on dorsal surfaces but with rows of spinules on dorsolateral and ventrolateral surfaces. Tarsomere II of legs I–IV with row of 5 stout median ventral spinules and two pairs of flanking setae. Femur with 3–4 and patella 4–5 carinae; both femur and patella granulated. Measurements. See Table 3.

AFFINITIES. The combination of five characters (chelal trichobothrium Eb 3 located in distal half of manus between trichobothria Dt and Est; patella of pedipalp with 9–11 ventral and 18 external trichobothria; fingers of pedipalps undulate in both sexes; pedipalp movable finger with 50–56 IAD; and chela length to width ratio 3.1 in male) is unique in the entire genus Scorpiops .

DISTRIBUTION. Thailand ( Fig. 799 ).

Figures

Figure 186: Dentition of crown-like structures (cls) and distal posterior lobe (dpl) apex of 16 scorpiopids. Species are grouped according to four major clades resolved by DNA analysis (Šťáhlavský et al., in press). To highlight inconsistency of the trichobothrial classification with molecular phylogeny, previously described species are listed under genera (in quotes) where they were originally placed according to trichobothriotaxic characters of Soleglad & Fet (2001). Cited ranges of cls denticle counts for each species represent data from both left and right hemispermatophores extracted from all available specimens: N =1, except for “Alloscorpiops” wongpromi (N = 2), “A.” anthracinus (N = 2), Scorpiops thaomischi (N = 2), and “Euscorpiops” problematicus (N = 3). Data with N> 1 reveal intraspecific stability of cls dentition patterns, and intraspecific variability of dpl denticulation patterns. Right insets: convex (upper inset) and concave (lower inset) views of whole hemispermatophore of Scorpiops kautti sp. n. Anatomical structures and measurements are indicated. Scale bar: 2 mm.

Figure 799. Geographic distribution of the family Scorpiopidae. The map plots locality

Figures 149–163: Whole hemispermatophores of 15 scorpiopids. Convex (external) aspect of hemispermatophores of: Scorpiops oligotrichus (149), S. citadelle (150), S. sherwoodae sp. n. (151), S. montanus (152), S. pakseensis sp. n. (153), S. leptochirus (154), S. phatoensis sp. n. (155), S. schumacheri (156), S. wongpromi (157), S. kautti sp. n. (158), S. birulai sp. n. (159), S. anthracinus (160), S. thaomischi (161), S. dii sp. n. (162) and S. problematicus (163). Specimen numbers indicated. Scale bars: 2 mm (149–154, 157–161, 163), 1 mm (155–156, 162).

Figures 170–185: Hemispermatophore capsules of 16 scorpiopids. Convex aspect of capsules of: Scorpiops oligotrichus (170), S. citadelle (171), S. sherwoodae sp. n. (172), S. montanus (173), S. pakseensis sp. n. (174), S. leptochirus (175), S. phatoensis sp. n. (176), S. schumacheri (177), S. wongpromi (178), S. kautti sp. n. (179), S. krabiensis sp. n. (180), S. birulai sp. n. (181), S. anthracinus (182), S. thaomischi (183), S. dii sp. n. (184) and S. problematicus (185). Specimen number of S. krabiensis 1829, of others as indicated in Figs. 149–163. Scale bars: 400 μm (170–175, 178–185), 200 μm (176–177).

Figures 374–377: Scorpiops dii sp. n. Figures 374–375. Male holotype in dorsal (374) and ventral (375) views. Figures 376–377. Female paratype in dorsal (376) and ventral (377) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figures 378–385: Scorpiops dii sp. n. Figures 379–382. Male holotype, telson lateral (379), and metasoma and telson lateral (380), ventral (381), and dorsal (382) views. Figures 378, 383–385. Female paratype, telson lateral (378), and metasoma and telson lateral (383), ventral (384), and dorsal (385) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (380–385).

Figures 386–401: Scorpiops dii sp. n., pedipalp segments. Figures 386–395. Female paratype, chela dorsal (386), external (387) and ventral (388) views. Patella dorsal (389), external (390) and ventral (391) views. Trochanter and femur dorsal (392) and femur ventral (393) views. Movable (394) and fixed (395) finger dentition. Trichobothrial pattern is indicated by white circles (386a–391a). Figures 396–401. Male holotype, chela dorsal (396), external (397) and ventral (398) views. Patella dorsal (399), external (400) and ventral (401) views.

Figures 402–409: Scorpiops dii sp. n. Figures 402, 404. Male holotype, carapace and tergites I–IIII (402), and coxosternal area and sternites (404). Figures 403, 405–409. Female paratype, carapace and tergites I–III (403), coxosternal area and sternite III (405) (with parasitic mites), left legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (406–409 respectively).

Figures 410–413: Scorpiops dii sp. n., Figures 410–412. Female paratype, right chelicera in dorsal (410), ventral (411), and ventrointernal (412) views (parasitic mites attached at base of manus). Figure 413. Female paratype in vivo habitus.

Figures 800–807: Male karyotypes of scorpiopid species based on postpachytene. Figure 800. Scorpiops anthracinus (2n=105, 51II+III). Figure 801. Scorpiops birulai sp. n. (2n=99, 96II+III). Figure 802. Scorpiops citadelle (2n=104, 52II). Figure 803. Scorpiops dii sp. n. (2n=109, 53II+III). Figure 804. Scorpiops kautti sp. n. (2n=87, 42II+III). Figure 805. Scorpiops krabiensis sp. n. (2n=81, 39II+III). Figure 806. Scorpiops leptochirus (2n=96, 48II). Figure 807. Scorpiops montanus (2n=70, 35II). Insets show the location of 18S rDNA (red signal) on the same chromosome as in the karyogram (ppach) and additionally on chromosomes during pachytene (pach) or metaphase II (met II). Abbreviation of postpachytene configuration: II – bivalent, III – trivalent. Scale bar: 10 μm.