Stygnus nogueirai, Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo & Tourinho, Ana Lúcia, 2012

Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo & Tourinho, Ana Lúcia, 2012, Two new genera, ten new species and new records of Amazonian Stygnidae Simon, 1879 (Opiliones: Laniatores), Zootaxa 3340, pp. 1-28 : 21-25

Stygnus nogueirai sp. nov.

( Figs. 10 A–E, 11, 15G–I)

Diagnosis: Male are similar to S. grasshoffi Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997, S. kuryi sp. nov., S. klugi (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1943) , S. mediocris (Roewer, 1931) , S. peruvianus ( Roewer, 1957) , S. simplex ( Roewer, 1913) and S. weyrauchi ( Roewer, 1963) based on large, cylindrical and straight femur and tibia IV. The males and females differ from all other Stygnus species by the abundant green tubercles on body and legs, and eye mounds tuberculate ( Fig. 11 ).

Type locality: Brazil, Amazonas, Barcelos ( Tapirapecó mountain)

Type material: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Barcelos ( Tapirapecó mountain). Holotype, 2.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., male (INPA-OP 986). Paratypes: same locality as holotype, 30.IX. 2006, 180 m. a.s.l., female (INPA-OP 985); 28.IX.2006, 180, male, 2 females (INPA-OP 987); 28.IX. 2006, 130m, male (MZSP-36564); 30.IX. 2006, 180 m. a.s.l., female (INPA-OP 989); 31.IX. 2006, 180m, female (INPA-903); 2.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., male, female (INPA-OP 990); 2.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., 2 females (INPA-OP 993); 3.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., 2 male, 1 female (MZSP-36561); 3.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., female (INPA-OP 991); 3.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., 5 males, female (MZSP- 36562); 4.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., R. Braga Neto leg., 5 males, 4 females (MZSP-36542); 4.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., male (MZSP-36563); 4.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., male, 3 females (INPA-901); 4.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., male, 2 female (INPA-OP 992); 4.X. 2006, 450 m. a.s.l., 2 males (INPA-OP 988); 450 m. a.s.l., 04.X.2006. Paratypes: São Gabriel da Cachoeira (Pico da Neblina ), A.Nogueira, 2 males, female ( MNRJ 19361); the same 31.IX.2006, female (MPEG-OPI 02503), the same 04.x.2006, male, female (MPEG-OPI 02504); Barcelos, Serra Aracá, 4-7.VIII.2008, A. Nogueira leg., ( INPA). Paratypes from São Gabriel da Cachoeira (Pico da Neblina ), 100 m. a.s.l., 22.IX.2007, N. Lo ManHung leg., female (INPA-OP 1031); 100 m. a.s.l., 22.IX.2007, N. Lo ManHung leg., female (INPA-OP 1032); 100 m. a.s.l., 22.IX.2007, N. Lo ManHung leg., female (MZSP-36520); 100 m. a.s.l., 22.IX.2007, A. Nogueira leg., female (INPA-OP 1033); 100 m. a.s.l., 22.IX.2007, A. Nogueira leg., female (INPA-OP 1034); 100 m. a.s.l., 22.IX.2007, D. Candiani leg., male, female (MZSP-36571); 100 m. a.s.l., 23.IX.2007, A. Nogueira leg., female (INPA-OP 1035); 100 m. a.s.l., 23.IX.2007, D. Candiani leg., female (INPA-OP 1036); 100 m. a.s.l., 23.IX.2007, A. Nogueira leg., male (INPA-OP 1037); 100 m. a.s.l., 23.IX.2007, N. Lo ManHung leg., female (INPA-OP 1038); 100 m. a.s.l., 24.IX.2007, A. Nogueira leg., male, 3 females (MZSP-36529); 100 m. a.s.l., 23.IX.2007, D. Candiani leg., male, female (MZSP-36539); 100 m. a.s.l., 24.IX.2007, N. Lo ManHung leg., male (INPA-OP 1039); 100 m. a.s.l., 24.IX.2007, N. Lo ManHung leg., male (INPA-OP 1040).

Etymology: The species is named after the biologist Andre Nogueira, for his contribution to Arachnology by actively collecting data on spiders and harvestmen in São Paulo and Amazonas.

Male description (holotype): Measurements: DSL 3.3; PL 1.3; DSW 3.1; PW 2.7; ID 2.4; chelicera II 2.9; III 1.5; pedipalpus 6.5; leg I 11; II 28.0; III 19.5; IV 28. 5.

Dorsum ( Fig. 10 A–B): Anterior margin with three–four large tubercles and several small on each corner. Prosoma with one large spine upwards, with tubercles from spine to eye mounds, with a group of tubercles on lateral of prosoma. Eye mounds with five tubercles each. Lateral margin with one row of tubercles from coxa III to posterior margin, and a group of tubercles from groove II to posterior margin. Area I with 45 tubercles on posterior half, one on anterior central part larger; II densely covered by equal-sized tubercles; III with two divergent and very large spines backwards, surrounded by tubercles. Posterior margin with a row of 14 tubercles, corners smooth. Free tergite I with 14 tubercles; II with 9; III with two spines, two tubercles between them, two on each corner. Anal operculum with two anterior tubercles, three close to posterior border.

Venter: Coxa I with one median row of large tubercles, one anterior, two apical; II with one median row of seven large tubercles, three anterior 10 small tubercles, three posterior small, two apical (one larger); III with four apical tubercles (one larger), with scattered small tubercles. Posterior margin with one row of minute tubercles. Anal operculum with one row of minute tubercles on posterior margin.

Chelicera: Segment I with 12–13 tubercles on bulla; II with a wide striate area opposite to another of movable finger, one small distal tubercle; III one large basal, three small distal. With interchelar space.

Pedipalpus: Coxa with two ventral tubercles, one large dorsal tubercle, four dorsal tubercles (two large). Trochanter with three ventral tubercle (one large); one dorsal. Femur with five small ventral tubercles, slightly swollen at distal fifth. Patella swollen at distal third. Tibia ( Fig. 10 C): ectal IIiIi, mesal IIiIi, four ventral tubercles, with small tubercles scattered dorsally. Tarsus ( Fig. 10 C): ectal iIiii, mesal IiIii, with two ventral rows of small setae.

Legs: Coxa I with two tubercles; II with one anterior, one posterior bifid; III with one anterior fused with that of coxa II; IV with one large apical tubercle and one small lateral. Trochanter I with two ventral tubercles; II with four ventral, one prolateral, one retrolateral, one dorsal small; III with five ventral, one retrolateral, one prolateral two dorsal; IV with three tubercles (one larger), one prolateral tubercle and one retrolateral, several small tubercle scattered on dorsal and ventral. Femora I–III with small tubercles; II–III with one dorsoapical tubercle; IV ( Fig. 10 D–E) with two ventral rows of tubercles increasing in size at distal fifth; one retrolateral, one prolateral, one dorsal row of tubercles with seven larger with small among them, two dorsoapical tubercles (external reduced). Patella IV ( Fig. 10 D–E) with 16 dorsal tubercles (apical larger), two retrolateral (dorsal larger). Tibia IV ( Fig. 10 D–E) with small tubercles, two dorsoapical larger, one retrolateroapical and one prolateroapical larger, three ventroapical tubercles. Tarsal segmentation: 7, 15, 6, 7. First two basitarsi I slightly inflated.

Penis (fig. 15G–I): Ventral plate with convergent sides, distal margin straight, with three dorsal pairs of long setae, two pairs of intermediary setae, three pairs on basal portion. Dorsal process elongated (almost reaching stylus apex), stylus long and slightly swollen distad.

Color: Similar to female showed in figure 11. Dark-brown, reticulate on prosoma and patella. Green tubercles on dorsal scutum, cheliceral segment I, coxa IV, trochanters II–IV, patella IV (also with retrolateral apical tubercles brown) and ventroapical tubercle of coxae I–III. Pedipalpus yellow-greenwish (except tarsus brownish) with some small black patches.

Female description (INPA-OP 985): Measurements: DSL 3.5; PL 1.3; DSW 3.4; PW 2.7; ID 1.3; chelicera II 1.7; III 1.1; pedipalpus 7.1; leg I 7.5; II 25.0; III 18.5; IV 25. 5.

Eye mounds with four tubercles. Lateral margin with tubercles from coxa II to posterior margin. Area I with 52 tubercles; II–III more densely tuberculate than males. Posterior margin with 15 minute tubercles. Free tergite I with 13 minute tubercles; II with 11. Chelicera segment II with five small tubercles; III with four small tubercles. Pedipalpus: Coxa with one ventral tubercle, trochanter with two ventral. Tarsus: ectal iIiii, mesal IiIii. Femur IV with four larger tubercles on dorsal row. Patella IV with two dorsoapical tubercles (half size of male ones). Tibia IV with small tubercles. Tarsal segmentation: 7, 17, 6, 7. Color as in figure 11.

Distribution: Recorded in northern Amazonas, upper Negro river, in two mountains ( Tapirapecó and Neblina ) from 100 up to 1200 m.a.s.l. However, except for one record, all were collected between 100 and 450 m. a.s.l.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Stygnus nogueirai sp. nov. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, left pedipalpal tibia and tarsus; D, trochanter-tibia of the right leg IV, ventral view; E, trochanter-patella IV dorsal view. Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 11. Live specimen of Stygnus nogueirai sp. nov. showing the camouflage. Photo: A. Nogueira.