Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes 1839)

Angulo, Arturo, Betts, Joel T., González-Alemán, Néstor J., Castañeda, Edgar, Berghe, Eric Van Den, Elías, Diego J., Mcmahan, Caleb D. & Matamoros, Wilfredo A., 2023, Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families, Zootaxa 5376 (1), pp. 1-89 : 10

Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes 1839) ( Fig. 6A ). Bull Shark; Tiburón Toro, Madrecazón, Tiburón Sarda

Vouchers: UCR 1082-001 (1) and 1089-001 (1); other collections: MCZ 35896 (1). Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical waters; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; ( Nicaragua) To, Sa, SJ, RF and LN (Atlantic); 0–31 masl; Per, Dia, Amp. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat; NT (2009), population trend unknown. Literature: Meek (1907: 103, as Carcharhinus nicaraguensis Gill 1877 —synonym; brief description, including an identification key, and information on distribution and ecology), Fowler (1923: 24, as Eulamia milberti (Müller & Henle 1839) —misidentification; listed, including information on distribution), Thorson et al. (1966: 385; detailed description, taxonomic status, and information on distribution and ecology), Astorqui (1975: 43, also as C. nicaraguensis —synonym; brief description, including illustrations and an identification key, and information on distribution and ecology), Villa (1982: 60; detailed description, including illustrations and an identification key, and information on distribution and ecology), Bussing (1998: 51; brief description, including illustrations and an identification key, and information on distribution, with a map, and ecology), Robertson & Allen (2015: 95; detailed description, including illustrations, and information on distribution, with a map, and ecology), Robertson & Van Tassell (2019: 95; detailed description, including illustrations, and information on distribution, with a map, and ecology) and Angulo (2021: 19; listed, including information on distribution).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 1; (A) Carcharhinus leucas (Carcharhinidae), Lake Nicaragua (LN), photo by Agustín Llanes, May 6, 2020; (B) Pristis pristis (Pristidae), San Juan River (SJ), photo by MARENA, November 17, 2022; (C) Hypanus americanus (Dasyatidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November- December 2013; (D) Styracura schmardae (Potamotrygonidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 16, 2014; (E) Atractosteus tropicus (Lepisosteidae), Lake Nicaragua (LN), photo by Elías Salas, March 4, 2014; (F) Megalops atlanticus (Megalopidae), Laguna Las Perlas, Kurinwas-Laguna las Perlas (KP), photo by Bruce Williams, June 8, 2017; (G) Anguilla rostrata (Anguillidae), UCR 00448-006, Lamyala, Laguna Las Perlas, Kurinwas-Laguna las Perlas (KP), collected on May 16, 1992; (H) Anchoa panamensis (Engraulidae), UCR 0482-004, San Juan del Sur, Nicoya (Ni), collected on June 8, 1970; (I) Anchovia clupeoides (Engraulidae), UCR 0363-006, Laguna Las Perlas, Kurinwas-Laguna las Perlas (KP), collected on April 2, 1969; (J) Odontognathus compressus (Pristigasteridae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November-December 2013; (K) Dorosoma chavesi (Dorosomatidae), UCR 0536- 00, Lake Nicaragua (LN), collected on November 23, 1971; (L) Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae), Lake Nicaragua (LN), photo by MARENA/El19Digital, November 8, 2016; (M) Brycon costaricensis (Bryconidae), San Juan River (SJ), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 12, 2018.