Gymnetis undata ( Olivier, 1789 )

Iorio, Osvaldo Di, 2013, A review of the Cetoniinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Argentina and adjacent countries: systematics and geographic distributions, Zootaxa 3668 (1), pp. 1-87 : 43-44

Gymnetis undata ( Olivier, 1789)

Fig. 49 (aspect), 55 (parameres), 63 (distribution)

Gymnetis undata: Gory & Percheron 1833: 356 (description; distribution); Schaum 1844: 363 (reference); Schenkling 1921: 95 (catalog; references); Bruch 1911a: 214 (distribution); Schenkling 1921: 99 (catalog; distribution; references).

Paragymnetis chalcipes subsp. undata Olivier : Schürhoff 1937: 67 (list; distribution); Blackwelder 1944: 263 (catalog; distribution).

Gymnetina (Gymnetoides) chalcipes undatus (Oliv., 1789) : Monné 1970: 61 (distribution; references).

Gymnetis chalcipes ssp. undata: Krajčík 1998: 76 (catalog; distribution).

Gymnetis similis , not Gory & Percheron, 1833: Burmeister 1842: 296 (description; distribution); Schaum 1844: 363 (correct identification; reference); Schürhoff, 1937: 63, = Paragymnetis burmeisteri new synonymy.

Gymnetis irregularis Gory & Percheron, 1833: 354–355 (description; distribution), plate 71, Fig. 3 ; Lucas 1857: 110 (distribution; reference); Schürhoff 1937: 58 (synonymy), 67 (list).

Gymnetis litigiosa , not Gory & Percheron, 1833: Tremoleras 1910. 26 (distribution): misidentification.

Distribution: HAITI ( Schenkling 1921); Santo Domingo, Col. Chevrolat ( Burmeister 1842). BRAZIL ( Gory & Percheron 1833, Burmeister 1842, Blackwelder 1944, Krajčík 1998); “Brésil intérieur” ( Lucas 1857). ARGENTINA ( Schenkling 1921, Blackwelder 1944, Krajčík 1998): Misiones: in Bruch Collection ( Bruch 1911a). URUGUAY: Paysandú: Tremoleras Collection ( Monné 1970); Cerro Largo: Tremoleras Collection, identified by Bruch ( Tremoleras 1910); ( Monné 1970).

Material examined: BRAZIL: 1 ex. [ HBBA], “ irregularis / G. & P. / undata / [illegible word] / Bras.” [handwritten by Burmeister, pinned to the bottom of the drawer] ; Minas Gerais: Lavras, 4 exx. [ EAPW] ; São Paulo: Ipiranga , X-[year not stated], 1 male [ ODIC], “ Gymnetis / undata / Oliv. / [illegible word] determ.” ; PARAGUAY: “Para- / guay” [printed on green paper], 1 ex. [ HBBA] ; ARGENTINA: Misiones: “Gob. Misiones / 3. IX. 1897 / C. Bruch ”, 1 female [ CBBA], “ Gymnetis / undata / Oliv.” [handwritten by Bruch], “ Gymnetis / undata / Oliv.” [handwritten by Moser] ; Dto. Guaraní, Arroyo Pepirí Miní and Río Uruguay , J. Carreras leg., 25- IX-2002, 3 exx. [ JCDT], 27-IX-2007, 2 exx. [ JCDT], 20-XI-2010, 3 exx. [ JCDT] ; Dto. Guaraní, El Soberbio, Isla Monteagudo, 6-XII-2007, J. Carreras leg., 1 ex. [ JCDT] ; Pozo Azul, 1 ex. [ EAPW] ; Without locality: 1 ex. [ MLPA], “Def. San. Veg. [printed] / Gymnetis / undata Oliv. [handwritten]”, “ Gymnetis / chalcipes (G. & P.) / det. B.C. Ratcliffe 2004 ”.

Male genitalia: parameres ( Fig. 55 ).

Note 1: Schaum (1844) establishes that “L'individu de la collection de M. Chevrolat décrit par M. Burmeister est le même qui a servi de type à la G. undata de Gory et Percheron , il n'y a donc plus de doute sur l'idendité de la G. similis, Burm. , et undata , G. et P. Cet individu provenait de l'ancienne collection d'Olivier, où il était noté comme étant sa Cetonia undata ”. This type specimen was also designated as the lectotype of Paragymnetis burmeisteri Schürhoff, 1937 , new name for Gymnetis similis , not Gory & Percheron, 1833: Burmeister 1842 ( Ratcliffe 2004). Therefore, P. burmeisteri is an objetive synonym of Cetonia undata Olivier, 1789 . The general aspect of this type specimen ( Ratcliffe 2004: Fig. 13 ) agrees with the specimens referred here for G. undata ( Fig. 49 ).

Note 2: Schaum (1844) also states that “L'espèce décrite sous ce nom [ G. undata ] par M. Burmeister n'est pas la G. undata Gory et Percheron , ni la C. undata d'Oliv. , mais bien sûrement la G. irregularis , G. et P.”. One specimen of G. undata Olivier in the collection Burmeister at MACN was labeled by Burmeister himself as to “ irregularis G. & P. / undata [illegible letter] / Bras.” (perhaps influenced by the statement of Schaum 1844). Gymnetis irregularis Gory & Percheron, 1833 was later placed in synonymy with G. undata Olivier by Schürhoff (1937).

Note 3: According to Monné (1970), the Tremoleras Collection [MLPA] contains specimens of G. chalcipes and G. undata , but no G. litigiosa . Therefore, it seems probable that the citation of “ Gymnetis litigiosa ” from Cerro Largo by Tremoleras (1910) corresponds to G. undata .

Note 4: Gymnetis undata is similar to G. chalcipes , but it is darker on the pronotum and elytra, and without cupreous shine on the venter and legs ( Fig. 49 ). The specimens of G. chalcipes from Brazil (state of Paraná) are dorsally similar to the G. undata specimens examined here, but the venter and legs have a cupreous shine that characterizes G. chalcipes . The male parameres of both G. chalcipes and G. undata are similar ( Figs. 52 and 55 , respectively). The taxonomic status of G. chalcipes needs a further evaluation (see in Discussion the distribution pattern of G. chalcipes in Argentina).

Figures

FIGURES 44–51. General aspects of Gymnetini from Argentina: 44–45, Gymnetis chalcipes (44, common phenotype; 45, light phenotype); 46, Gymnetis litigiosa (La Rioja: Los Molinos); 47–48, Gymnetis hepatica (47, paratype, Santiago del Estero: Sachayoj; 48, paratype, Chaco: Charata); 49, Gymnetis undata (Misiones, Bruch Collection); 50, Gymnetis hebraica; 51, M. insculpta.

FIGURES 3–7. General aspects of Gymnetini: 3–5, Gymnetis bajula (3, darker specimen; 4, specimen from the Burmeister Collection [MACN], likely the holotype of G. perplexa; 5, lighter specimen); 6, Gymnetis bruchi (Bruch Collection); 7, Aemilius wagneri (extracted from Le Moult 1939).

FIGURES 52–55. Male parameres: 52, Gymnetis chalcipes (Buenos Aires: Florencio Varela); 53, Gymnetis litigiosa (La Rioja: Los Molinos); 54, Gymnetis hepatica (paratype, Santiago del Estero: Sachayoj); 55, Gymnetis undata.

FIGURES 13–18. General aspects of Gymnetini: 13–14, Gymnetis bonplandi (13, female Misiones: Puerto Iguazú; 14, male Misiones: Dos de Mayo); 15–18, Gymnetis pudibunda (15, common phenotype from Argentina except Buenos Aires; 16–18, with reduction of yellow color on the elytra, province of Buenos Aires).