Osmia (Diceratosmia) subfasciata Cresson, 1872

Rightmyer, Molly G., 2017, A revision of the subgenus Osmia (Diceratosmia), with descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), Zootaxa 4337 (1), pp. 1-37 : 21-24

Osmia (Diceratosmia) subfasciata Cresson

( Figs 6B , 8A , 12A )

Osmia subfasciata Cresson 1872: 261 –262 [Lectotype female: Philadelphia]; Cockerell 1907: 37 [mistaken indication of type specimen in Boston]; Cresson 1916: 131 [Lectotype designation].

Osmia botitena Cockerell 1909: 30 [Neotype female: Washington, D.C. Label data: “Lee Co. Tex [Texas] Birkmann// Neotype ♀ Osmia botitena Cockerell des. Rightmyer [red label]”]; Sandhouse 1939: 140 [synonymy with O. subfasciata ]. new neotype designation.

Osmia punctata Michener 1936: 85 –86 [Holotype female: San Francisco]; Sandhouse 1939: 140 [synonymy with O. subfasciata ]; Hurd & Michener 1955: 215 [synonymy with O. subfasciata subfasciata ].

Diceratosmia subfasicata (Cresson) ; Michener 1947: 450.

Diceratosmia subfasciata subfasciata (Cresson) ; Michener 1949: 262 –263.

Diceratosmia botitena (Cockerell) ; Michener 1949: 261 –262 [rejection of synonymy with O. subfasciata ].

Diceratosmia subfasciata punctata (Michener) ; Linsley 1946: 24 [behavior]; Michener 1949: 263 [diagnosis].

Osmia (Diceratosmia) subfasciata Cresson ; Sinha 1958: 230.

Osmia (Diceratosmia) botitena Cockerell ; Sinha 1958: 230.

Osmia (Diceratosmia) subfasciata subfasciata Cresson ; Mitchell 1962: 83 –84.

Diagnosis. Females of O. subfasciata are distinguished from all other small (i.e., intertegular distance 1.5–2.5 mm), metallic blue Diceratosmia by the following combination of characters: blunt, distally swollen hairs on the metasomal scopa, shiny lower half of the propodeal triangle, unmodified hairs on face (i.e., hairs on clypeus distinctly longer than F1, straight to distally curved but not cork-screw shaped), and mesepisternum with omaulus not carinate.

Males of the widespread species O. subfasciata are extremely similar to the southeastern U. S. species O. conjunctoides , as these are the only known species of Diceratosmia in which the hairs on the apical margin of S4 are short, stout, and form an apical comb. Osmia subfasciata can be distinguished from O. conjunctoides based on overall size and color, relative density of the punctures on the mesoscutum, integumental sculpturing of the propodeal triangle, and shape of T1. See Diagnosis under O. conjunctoides for further details.

Distribution. Northern Mexico and USA from southeastern California and southern Nevada east to Alabama and South Carolina, and north to Colorado, Oklahoma, Illinois and New Jersey ( Fig. 17 ).

Material Examined. Mexico . Coahuila de Zaraguza: Cuatrocienegas, 18 km SW, 27 Mar 1992, D Yanega; Cuatrocienegas, 41 km SW , 29 Mar 1992, JL Neff; Cuatrocienegas, 42 km SW, 29 Mar 1992, R Brooks; Cuatrocienegas, 7 km N, 30 Mar 1992, JL Neff; Cuatrocienegas, 7 km N, Canon de la Charaterra, 30 Mar 1992, D Yanega; General Cepeda, 30 km W, 1 Apr 1992, JL Neff; Ocampo, 7 km SE, 28 Mar 1992, R Brooks. Durango: Mapimi Reserva Biosfera Preserva, Los Tanques , 18 Mar 1994, R Lopez. Nuevo Leon: Nuevo Laredo, 15 mi S, 22 Feb 1972, FD Parker. Sonora: Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 2 Apr 2006, RL Minckley; Agua Prieta, 30 km E , 4 Apr 2006, RL Minckley; Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 6 Apr 2005, RL Minckley; Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 22 Apr 2005, RL Minckley; Agua Prieta, 30 km E, 7 Apr 2006, RL Minckley. Tamaulipas: Pharr, 10 mi SW, 31 Mar 1946, CD Michener . USA. Arizona: Cochise Co, Apache, 2 mi N, 28 Apr 1963, B Vogel; Cochise Co, Chiricahua, 20 km NNW , 8 May 2004, ME Irwin; Cochise Co, Douglas, 36 mi E, 28 Mar 1963, B Vogel; Cochise Co, Peloncillo Mountains , Skeleton Canyon , 1 May 2004, ME Irwin; Cochise Co, Portal, 23 May 1985, R Parks; Cochise Co, San Bernardino NWR, 6 Apr 2006, RL Minckley; Cochise Co, San Bernardino NWR, 20 Apr 2006, A Romero; Maricopa Co, Wickenburg, 3 mi SW, 5 May 1964, PF Torchio; Mohave Co, Bill Williams River NWR , 25 Apr 2013, MC Miner; Mohave Co, Bill Williams River NWR , 23 May 2013, MC Miner; Pima Co, Madera Canyon Rec. Area , WT Wcislo; Pima Co, Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument , 15 Apr 1961, RH Painter; Pima Co, Santa Rita Range Reserve, 4 Jun 1957, G Butler; Pima Co, Tucson, [no date, no collector]; Santa Cruz Co, Nogales, 20 Apr 1967, PF Torchio; Santa Cruz Co, Patagonia, 21 May 1955, GD Butler; Santa Cruz Co, Pena Blanca, 7 mi W, 9 Apr 1988, K Krombein; Yavapai Co, Aguila, 18 mi N, 6 Jun 1979, FD Parker; Yavapai Co, Aguila, 8 mi N, 6 Apr 1977, FD Parker; Yuma Co, Yuma, 26 Jun 1951, LA Carruth. California: Imperial Co, California Experiment Farm, Jun 1912, GC Bridwell; Inyo Co, Cow Creek Ranger Station , 26 Apr 1999, R Andrus; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley , 8 Apr 1939, EG Linsley; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley , 7 Apr 1939, EC VanDyke; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley , 14 Apr 1938, BE White; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley , 31 Mar 1951, PD Hurd; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley , 31 Mar 1957, EG Linsley; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley , 1 Apr 1951, EG Linsley; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley , 1 Apr 1951, JW MacSwain; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek, Death Valley , 1 Apr 1951, PD Hurd; Inyo Co, Furnace Creek Ranch, Death Valley , 26 Apr 1965, TL Erwin; Riverside Co, Oasis, 2 mi N, 8 Mar 1936, EG Linsley; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 9 Apr 1985, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 30 Apr 1985, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 8 May 1984, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 12 Apr 1984, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 29 Apr 1985, KW Cooper; San Bernardino Co, Twentynine Palms, 6 May 1982, KW Cooper. Colorado: Baca Co, Stonington, south, 5 May 1949, TP Maslin . Florida: Hillsborough Co, Lutz, 17 Mar 1926, Krautwurm ; Illinois: Pulaski Co, Pulaski, 1 Jun 1910, MA Cazier . Kansas: Barber Co, Medicine Lodge, 13 mi W, 17 Jun 1962, Michener; Clark Co , Jun 1962, FH Snow; Clay Co, Baldwin, JC Bridwell; Douglas Co, Lawrence, 28 Mar 1986, CD Michener; Hamilton Co, FH Snow; Kingman Co, Kingman, 8 km W, 10 May 1984 Michener, E Ordway; Meade Co, Meade County State Park, 7 Jun 1950, RH Beamer; Reno Co, Nickerson, 12mi W, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Rice Co, Alden, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Stafford Co, Hudson, 12 mi NE, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Stafford Co, Hudson, 4 mi N, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Stafford Co, Hudson, 8 mi NE, 24 Apr 1960, Michener, E Ordway; Maryland: Anne Arundel Co, Laurel, Patuxent Wildlife Refuge, 5 Jun 2001, Russell, Droege . Mississippi: Oktibbeha Co, Starkville, 6 May 1922, OE Earnest . Misouri : Mississippi Co, Charleston, 18 Apr 1917 . Nebraska: Douglas Co, 10 May 2007, SW Droege . Nevada: Clark Co, Tecopa Road, 13 Apr 2000, R Andrus; Clark Co, Warm Springs Road , 2 May 1997, FD & JH Parker. New Mexico: Chaves Co, Sagebrush Valley Road , 1 May 2004, ME Irwin; Eddy Co, Lowe Ranch , 1 Jun 2010, JD Herndon; Eddy Co, Rattlesnake Springs, 19 May 2010, JD Herndon; Guadalupe Co, Dilia, 1 mi S , 6 Jun 1977, WJ Hanson; Hidalgo Co, Peloncillo Mountains, Skeleton Canyon , 1 May 2004, FD Parker, ME Irwin; Hidalgo Co, Rodeo, 11 mi N, 1 May 1969, J Rozen, M Favreau; Lincoln Co, Carrizozo, Rte 54 , 15 May 1987, BN Danforth. North Carolina: Swain Co, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Deep Creek , 23 May 2002, T Griswold. Oklahoma: Alfalfa Co, Great Salt Plains NWR, vic Sand Creek, 22 Jun 1996, JF Barthell; Alfalfa Co, Great Salt Plains NWR, vic Sand Creek , 20 Jul 1996, JF Barthell; Carter Co, Ardmore, 21 Mar 1908, FC Bishopp; Cimarron Co, Black Mesa State Park, vic of Carrizo Creek , 25 Jun 1999, JF Barthell; Garfield Co, Drummond Diverse South, 6 May 2013, MS McCoshum; Woodward Co, Moorland, 29 km ENE, 11 May 1984, R Brooks, DB Wahl; Woodward Co, Moorland, 9.6 km NE, 12 May 1984, DB Wahl, CD Michener. Pennsylvania: Monroe Co, Marshalls Creek , 25 Mar 1939, CD Michener. Texas: Andrews Co, Midland, 11 Apr 1954, RH Beamer, LD Beamer; Aransas Co, Rockport, 10 mi N , 18 Apr 1952, Michener, A Wille; Bailey Co, Muleshoe Wildlife Refuge, 14 Apr 2013, SJ Galdek; Bailey Co, Muleshoe Wildlife Refuge, 13 May 2013, SJ Galdek; Bandera Co, Lost Maples State Park, 22 Mar 1985, Kovarik, Jones, Haack; Bastrop Co, Bastrop State Park, 11 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Bastrop Co, Bastrop State Park, 15 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Bastrop Co, McDade, 10 May 1954, RH Beamer; Bexar Co, Fort Sam Houston , 6 Apr 1953, M Wasbauer; Bexar Co, Fort Sam Houston , 20 Jun 1953, M Wasbauer; Bexar Co, Salado Creek , 21 Mar 1952, MS Wasbauer; Bexar Co, Salado Creek , 18 Apr 1952, K Stockley; Bexar Co, San Antonio, 19 Feb 1908, WF Fiske; Brewster Co, Alpine, 9 mi S, 19 Apr 1954, LD Beamer; Brewster Co, Big Bend National Park, Oak Canyon, 11 Apr 1986, TL Griswold; Brewster Co, Big Bend National Park, Oak Canyon, 11 Apr 1986, RT Griswold; Brewster Co, Government Spring, 13 Apr 1986, TL Griswold; Brewster Co, Government Spring, 13 Apr 1986, RT Griswold; Brewster Co, Marathon, 6 mi E, 12 Apr 1966, ER Jaycox; Burnet Co, Inks Lake State Park, 4 Apr 1981, CW Agnew; Caldwell Co, Luling, 30 Mar 1951, CDMichener, LD Beamer; Cameron Co, San Benito, 28 Mar 1951 CD Michener; Cameron Co, Santa Maria, 28 Mar 1951 RH Beamer; Cameron Co, Southmost, 27 Mar 1951, RH Beamer; Cameron Co, Southmost, 13 Apr 1950, RH Beamer; Culberson Co, Hwy 62 near SE corner Guadalupe Mountains National Park , 7 Apr 1986, TL Griswold; Culberson Co, Hwy 62 near SE corner Guadalupe Mountains National Park , 7 Apr 1986, RT Griswold; Dalas Co, Dallas, 31 Mar 1951, CD Michener; Dimmit Co, Carrizo Springs, 14 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer; Dimmit Co, Carrizo Springs, 6 mi SE, 14 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamer; Dimmit Co, Carrizo Springs, 9 mi NW, 11 Apr 1950, Michener, Rozens; Dimmitt Co, Chaparral Wildlife Management Area , 9 Apr 1977, TP Friedlander; Ector Co, Odessa, 9 Apr 1954, LD Beamer; Ellis Co, Ennis, 15 Apr 1960; Gillespie Co, Cherry Springs, 20 Apr 193, LD Beamer; Gillespie Co, Cherry Springs, 21 Apr 193, LD Beamer; Gillespie Co, Harper, 7 Apr 1953, RH Beamer; Gillespie Co, Harper, 17 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Gillespie Co, Harper, 16 mi E, 18 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Gillespie Co, Kerrville, 10 mi N, 22 Apr 1953, RH Beamer; Gillespie Co, Stonewall, 16 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Goliad Co, Goliad, 8 May 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Goliad Co, Goliad, 16 mi E, 7 May 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Hidalgo Co, Bentsen Rio Grande Valley State Park , 13 Mar 1979, CC Porter; Hidalgo Co, Bentsen Rio Grande Valley State Park, nr. mission , 8 Apr 1986, C Porter; Hidalgo Co , Edinburg, Apr 1939, S & D Mulaik ; Hidalgo Co, Mission, 1 Apr 1957, GR Ferguson ; Hidalgo Co., McAllen Botanical Garden, 30 Mar 1986, C. Porter ; Hidalgo Co., McAllen Botanical Garden, Mar 1974, C. Porter ; Hidalgo Co., McAllen Botanical Garden, 3 Jun 1979, C. Porter ; Hidalgo Co , Progreso, 10 Mar 1975, LB Koenig ; Hidalgo Co, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, 13 Mar 1979, CW Agnew; Jackson Co, Edna , 4 Apr 1946, CD Michener; Jeff Davis Co, Fort Davis , 20 mi N , 4 Apr 1961, Rozen, Schrammel; Jeff Davis Co, Fort Davis , 20 mi N , 16 Apr 1961, Rozen, Schrammel; Jeff Davis Co, Musquiz Canyon, 12 mi SE Ft. Davis , 30 Apr 1961, JC Bequaert, K Roever; Jim Wells Co, Alfred, 29 Mar 1951, CD Michener, LD Beamer; Kerr Co, Kerrville, 12 Apr 1907, FC Pratt; Kerr Co, Kerrville, 22 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Kimble Co, Harper, 5 mi W, 29 Apr 1983, JC Schaffner; Kimble Co, Junction, 24 Apr 1986, WJ Pulawski; Kimble Co, Junction, 6 May 1986, WJ Pulawski; Kleberg Co, Kingsville, 20 mi SE, 2 May 1985, WJ Pulawski; Kleberg Co, Riviera, 6 mi E, 23 May 1979, JE Gillaspy; Lee Co, Giddinas, 10/ 15 May 1953, RH Beamer, LD Beamer; Lee Co, Lincoln, 6 mi E, 14 Apr 1953, LD Beamer; Lee Co, Lincoln, 13 Apr 1953, RH Beamer; Llano Co, Llano, 21 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Mason Co, Mason, 10 mi N, 13 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamers; Maverick Co, Quemado, 4 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer; Maverick Co, Quemado, 11 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer; Maverick Co, Quemado, 14 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer; Menard Co, Menard, 22 May 1945, H Parish; Menard Co, Menard, 14 mi S, 2 Jun 1975, Michener; Milam Co, Cameron, 9 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, Rh Beamer; Milam Co, Rockdale, 9 Apr 1953, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Mitchell Co, Colorado City, 7 Apr 1954, RH Beamer; Mitchell Co, Westbrook , 7 Apr 1954, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Nacogdoches Co, Nacogdoches, 4 Mar 1961; Nacogdoches Co, Nacogdoches, 12 Mar 1962, E Waits; Nacogdoches Co, Nacogdoches, 10 May 1962, AF Shinn; Refugio Co, Refugio, 10 mi S, 4 Apr 1946, CD Michener; Refugio Co, Tivoli, 5 mi SW, 18 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamers; Robertson Co, 0.5 mi E jct Hwys 6 & OSR, 25 May 1980, SJ Merritt; San Patricio Co, Welder Wildlife Refuge, 6 Apr 1989, EA Sugden; Shackelford Co, Albany, 3 Apr 1954, RH Beamer; Somervell Co, Comanche Peak Elec.Sta., 6 mi N Glen Rose , 16 Jun 1979, JP Cuda; Sutton Co, Sonora, 10 Apr 1950, Beamers, Stephen; Sutton Co , Sonora, 4 May 1954, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Sutton Co , Sonora, 30 mi S, 10 Apr 1950, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Sutton Co , Sonora, 36 mi S, 10 Apr 1950, Michener, Rozens; Taylor Co, Abilene , 7 Apr 1954, LD Beamer, RH Beamer; Tom Green Co, Christoval, 9 Apr 1950, Michener, Rozens; Travis Co, Austin, 14 Mar 1900, AL Melander; Travis Co, Austin, 17 Apr 1902, AL Melander; Travis Co, Austin, 2 May 1980, PD Hurd; Travis Co, Austin, 4 mi NE, 31 May 1975, Michener; Uvalde Co, Uvalde, 144 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamers; Uvalde Co, Concan, 8 mi S, 14 Apr 1952, Michener, Beamers; Val Verde Co , Del Rio , 15 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamers; Val Verde Co , Del Rio, 12 mi N , 12 Apr 1966, ER Jaycox; Val Verde Co , Del Rio, 16 mi SE , 10 Apr 1950, Beamers, Stephen; Val Verde Co , Sonora, 60 mi S, 10 Apr 1950, Beamers, Stephen; Webb Co, Junction Hwy 83 & 44 , 20 Mar 1989, EA Sugden; Webb Co, Laredo, 2 mi N, 15 Apr 1952, Michener, A Wille; Willacy Co, Harlingen, 15mi N, 2 Apr 1946, CD Michener; Wise Co, Decatur, 9 mi S, 4 Apr 1951; Young Co, Olney, 10 Apr 1949, Michener, Beamer.

Floral Associations. Anacardiaceae : Rhus aromatica ; Asteraceae : Aster tanacetifolius , Baileya , Clappia suaedifolia , Erigeron philadelphicus , Gaillardia suavis , Hymenoxys , Machaeranthera tanacetifolia , Pluchea sericea , Senecio longilobus ; Boraginaceae : Heliotropium , Nama dichotomum , N. hispidum , Phacelia glandulosa , P. patuliflora ; Brassicaceae : Lesquerella , Stanleya pinnata ; Cactaceae : Opuntia leptocaulis ; Opuntia phaeacantha ; Fabaceae : Acacia greggii , Astragalus , Cercis canadensis , Lupinus , Medicago minima , Melilotus officinalis , Parkinsonia , Prosopis glandulosa , P. juliflora , Vicia ludoviciana ; Lamiaceae : Brazoria truncata , Marrubium vulgare , Monarda , Nepeta cataria , Prunella vulgaris , Salvia reflexa ; Malvaceae : Callirhoe involucrata , Sphaeralcea coccinea ; Plantaginaceae : Maurandya antirrhiniflora ; Portulacaceae : Claytonia virginica ; Rhamnaceae : Colubrina texensis , Condalia ; Rosaceae : Pyrus ; Salicaceae : Salix longifolia , S. nigra , S. reflexa ; Solanaceae : Chamaesaracha coniodes ; Zygophyllaceae : Larrea .

Comments. According to Michener (1949: 261), the holotype female of O. botitena is lost. Subsequent searches for the holotype by both authors have not recovered the type, so we herein designate a neotype of the species for nomenclatorial stability. The original description of the species ( Cockerell 1909) gives the following collection locality of the type “Lee County, TX, April 23 1906, Birkmann, no. 99”, therefore we selected a topotypical specimen collected by Birkmann. In the same publication, Cockerell (ibid) stated that the species is “Closely related in all respects to O. subfasciata ... but the abdomen is conspicuously broader and the punctures on the posterior segments are not large and coarse as they are in subfasciata ... The head in O. botitena is somewhat broader than long; in subfasciata the reverse is the case.”

Michener (1949:261) gave the following commentary on the species: “[the type of O. botitena ] was before me, in the Cockerell collection, when I wrote ( Michener, 1936), ‘Top of head and thorax green, the punctures smaller (than in subfasciata ) and about as close as they can be except in center of scutum.’ ... The male of botitena is thought to be marilaunidii although, admittedly, in the absence of more information about the female ( botitena ), this is subject to some doubt.”

Michener (1936: 85–86) gave a key to separate O. punctata , O. botitena , and O. subfasciata , which he considered to be distinct species at that time. Based on additional material, Hurd and Michener (1955) subsequently synonymized O. punctata with O. subfasciata s. str., recognizing only the subspecies O. subfasicata subfasciata and O. subfasciata conjunctoides . Hurd & Michener (ibid) gave a detailed account of the species in California, as well as diverse variety of floral records from collection events in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.

Osmia subfasciata is polyletic ( Neff & Simpson 1992) and nests in abandoned beetle burrows ( Linsley 1946, Mitchell 1962), snail shells ( Neff & Simpson 1992) (summarized in Hurd 1979, Cane et al. 2007), and accepts wooden trapnests ( Krombein 1967, Neff & Simpson 1992). Linsley (1946) gave a description of the nest sites and pollination of alfalfa including tripping rates, while Krombein (1967) and Neff & Simpson (1992) provide additional information about the nest architecture, life history, predators and parasites.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Male S 3 – S 5: A) O. gonzalezi (BBSL 204525), B) O. subfasciata (BBSL 987982). Scale bar = 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 8. Male T 6, T 7: A) O. subfasciata (BBSL 96965), B) O. aliciae (BBSL 204527), C) O. conjuncta (BBSL 839526). Scale bar = 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 12. Female habitus lateral view: A) O. subfasciata (BBSL 210392) with inset showing apically blunt scopal hairs, B) O. marilaunidii (DRO 4915) with inset showing apically pointed scopal hairs. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 17. Known distribution of O. subfasciata (white triangles) with expected distribution based on maxent modeling (rose coloring). Scale bar = 200 km.