Paradiopatra gracilis, IMAJIMA, 2009

Budaeva, Nataliya & Fauchald, Kristian, 2011, Phylogeny of the Diopatra generic complex with a revision of Paradiopatra Ehlres, 1887 (Polychaeta: Onuphidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (2), pp. 319-436 : 371-374

PARADIOPATRA GRACILIS IMAJIMA, 2009

Paradiopatra gracilis Imajima, 2009: 96–99 , figs 25– 27.

The type material of Paradiopatra gracilis was not available for examination. The following description is based on Imajima’s (2009) original description.

Type locality: Japan, off Sanriku , 37.649°N , between 142.568°E and 37.657°N, 142.572°E, 1466–1471 m.

Diagnosis: First three pairs of parapodia with pseudocompound bidentate falcigers with moderately long pointed hoods; ventral cirri subulate on first three chaetigers; subacicular hooks starting from chaetiger 9; branchiae pectinate with up to three filaments, starting from chaetigers 8–10; peristomial cirri absent. Description: Holotype, an incomplete specimen consisting of 66 chaetigers, 1.4 mm wide, 39 mm long. A complete largest specimen with 144 chaetigers, 1.2 mm wide, 68 mm long. All preserved specimens pale with brown oval pattern on anterodorsal and posterodorsal parts of prostomium.

Prostomium anteriorly rounded with paired ovoid frontal lips. Palps reaching chaetiger 2; lateral antennae reaching chaetiger 5; median antenna reaching chaetiger 3. Ceratophores consisting of between four and six rings. Nuchal grooves and eyes not observed. Peristomium as along as first chaetiger; peristomial cirri absent.

First three pairs of parapodia modified, projecting lateroventrally, directing slightly anterirorly. Prechaetal lobes rounded, postchaetal lobes triangular to digitiform on several anterior parapodia, later reducing. Dorsal cirri digitiform on all chaetigers. Ventral cirri subulate on first three chaetigers; replaced by ventral glandular pads from chaetiger 4.

First three pairs of parapodia with single dorsal simple capillary chaetae and ventral fascicle of four pseudocompound falcigers. Falcigers clearly bidentate, with well-developed subdistal tooth and moderately long pointed hoods. Parapodia of chaetiger 4 with dorsal fascicle of limbate chaetae and ventral fascicle of simple tapering chaetae. Limbate chaetae in both fascicles starting from chaetiger 4. Paired simple bidentate subacicular hooks starting from chaetiger 9. Pectinate chaetae with slightly oblique distal margins and about 20 teeth. Neuroaciculae with pointed tips, up to two or three per parapodium.

Branchiae pectinate, with up to three filaments, starting from chaetiger 8 (chaetigers 8–10) and continuing to chaetiger 53 (chaetigers 50–56). Filaments of median chaetigers slender, two or three times as along as dorsal cirri.

Mandibles fragile; maxillary formula following Imajima (2009): Mx I = 1 + 1; Mx II = 6–8 + 8; Mx III = 7–8 + 0; Mx IV = 7 + 7–8; Mx V = 1 + 1.

Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri. Tubes unknown.

Remarks: Paradiopatra gracilis is the only species lacking peristomial cirri and having branchiae.

Distribution: Pacific Ocean, off Japan. Depth range: 13–1511 m ( Imajima, 2009).

PARADIOPATRA HARTMANAE ( KIRKEGAARD, 1980)

( FIGS 40–42 ; TABLE 9)

Nothria hartmani Kirkegaard, 1980: 87–88 , fig. 2a–d.

Sarsonuphis hartmanae Fauchald, 1982: 73–74 , fig. 22; Uebelacker & Johnson, 1984: 39-19 –39-21, figs 39-17 and 39-18.

Paradiopatra hartmanae Paxton, 1986a: 38 ; Granados-Barba & Solis-Weiss, 1994: 423.

Type material: ZMUC Pol-1509, Shackleton St. 1903/7 (holotype) ; ZMUC Pol-1510, Shackleton St. 1903/7 (two paratypes) ; ZMUC Pol-1511, Shackleton St. 1903/2 (two paratypes) ; ZMUC Pol-1512, Shackleton St. 1903/4 (one paratype) ; ZMUC Pol-1513, Shackleton St. 1903/8 (one paratype) .

Non-type material examined: USNM 89924 , St. VI-2645, Gulf of Mexico, USA, Alabama, off Mobile bay , 29.58°N, 87.33°W, 106 m, 11.1977, coll. for BLM- MAFLA (two); USNM 89925 , St. I-6, Gulf of Mexico, USA, Texas, off port O’Connor , 27.65°N, 96.2°W, 100 m, 1976, coll. for BLM-STOCS (one) ; USNM 89926 , St. IV-3, Gulf of Mexico, USA, Texas, off port Isabel , 26.17°N, 96.4°W, 91 m, 1976, coll. for BLM- STOCS (one); USNM 89927 , St. IV-3, the same locality (four) ; USNM 89928 , St. IV-3, the same locality (two); Atlantic Slope and Rise Program : USNM 187998 , St . SA2-01 (one) ; USNM 188001 , St . SA6-11 (two) ; USNM 188002 , St . SA6-14 (two) ; USNM 188003 , St . SA2-01 (one) ; USNM 188004 , St . SA1-01 (one) ; USNM 188006 , St . SA5-14 (one) ; USNM 188007 , St . SA4-11 (one) ; USNM 188008 , St . SA1-01 (one) ; USNM 188010 , St . SA2-01 (one) ; USNM 188011 , St . SA5-14 (two) ; USNM 188014 , St . SA2-01 (one) ; USNM 188015 , St. MA2-09 (one) ; USNM 188016 , St. NA1-11 (nine) ; USNM 188017 , St. NA2-11 (11) , USNM 188018 , St. NA2-11 (eight) ; USNM 188019 , St. NA2-11 (six) ; USNM 188020 , St. NA1-11 (nine) ; USNM 188021 , St. NA2-11 (one) ; USNM 188023 , St . SA6-11 (two) ; USNM 188024 , St . SA5-11 (one) ; USNM 188027 , St . SA4-14 (two) ; USNM 188029 , St . SA5-14 (one) ; USNM 188030 , St . SA4-11 (one) .

Type locality: Atlantic Ocean, 47.5°N, 9.567°W, 4250– 4265 m.

Diagnosis: First three pairs of parapodia with falcate unidentate or rarely indistinctly bidentate pseudocompound falcigers with moderately long pointed hoods; ventral cirri subulate in first three chaetigers; subacicular hooks starting from chaetigers

9–12; branchiae absent; basal rings of ceratophores with lateral projections; peristomial cirri present.

Description: All type specimens posteriorly incomplete. Holotype, an incomplete specimen with 29 chaetigers, 1.3 mm wide and about 12 mm long. Paratypes varying from 25 to 60 chaetigers in length, and from 0.9 to 1.4 mm in width. Non-type material contained complete specimens, the largest with 109 chaetigers, 0.45 mm wide and about 42 mm long. All non-type specimens considerably

Figures

Figure 40. Paradiopatra hartmanae (USNM 188007, A, B, E; 188011, D, I, J; USNM 89927, F, H; ZMUC Pol-1511, C): A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end, ventral view; C, bidentate pseudocompound falciger from chaetiger 1; D, unidentate pseudocompound falciger from chaetiger 2; E, pseudocompound tapering chaeta from chaetiger 2; F simple tapering chaeta from chaetiger 4; G, parapodium of chaetiger 2, anterior view; H, parapodium of chaetiger 2, anterior view; I, parapodium of chaetiger 4, anterior view; J, parapodium of chaetiger 9, anterior view.

Figure 41. Paradiopatra hartmanae: relationship between body width of specimens (N = 58) and origin of subacicular hooks (SAHs) (y = 2.09x + 8.01; R2 = 0.5328; P <0.0001).