Distictus paratibialis, Supeleto & Santos & Aguiar, 2019

Supeleto, Fernanda A., Santos, Bernardo F. & Aguiar, Alexandre P., 2019, Revision of Distictus Townes, 1966 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of ten new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 542, pp. 1-64 : 43-46

Distictus paratibialis sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8380CFFA-6C63-45D5-A5A7-311B0638A12D

Figs 2–3 , 13 , 16C ; Table 1

Etymology

The specific epithet is a direct reference to, and a warning of, to the great structural and colour similarity between this species and D. tibialis .

Material examined

Total of 25 specimens, 5 ♀♀ and 20 ♂♂.

Holotype

BRAZIL – Goiás State • ♀ (pinned; in good condition); Parque Nacional Chapada dos Veadeiros , 10–22 Sep. 2005; A.P. Aguiar exped.; Malaise; Pt25 ; UFES LAPIS5907 {0}.

Paratypes

ARGENTINA • 1 ♂; La Rioja , Santa Cruz , 15–31 Jan. 2000; P. Fidalgo leg.; humid ravine; Malaise; FSCA.

BOLIVIA • 1 ♂; Santa Cruz, General Saavedra ; Oct. 1974; C. Porter leg.; Malaise; FSCA .

BRAZIL – Bahia State • 1 ♀; Ibicaraí, Fazenda Nova Patioba ; 14°50′29″ S, 39°35′34″ W; 23 Nov. 2002; J. Cardoso and J. Maia leg.; Malaise; Pt3 ; UFES49061 {2 } • 1 ♂; Ubaitaba, Fazenda Casa de Pedra ; 14°18′81″ S, 39°19′47″ W; 20 Nov. 2002; J. Cardoso and J. Maia leg.; Malaise; Pt8 ; UFES, UFES45476 . – São Paulo State • 1 ♀; Luiz Antônio, Estação Ecológica de Jataí ; 21°37′26.1″ S, 47°48′24.5″ W; 29 Apr. 2009; N.W. Perioto exped.; mata ciliar; Malaise; Pt2 ; IBRP {4 } • 1 ♀; ibid.; 5 Dec. 2007; IBRP {1 } • 1 ♀; ibid.; 29 Oct. 2008; YPT; Pt1 ; IBRP {3 } • 1 ♂; SP, Luiz Antônio, Estação Ecológica de Jataí ; 21°37′26.1″ S, 47°48′24.5″ W; 1 Oct. 2008; N.W. Perioto exped.; mata ciliar; Malaise; Pt1 ; IBRP • 1 ♂; ibid.; 13 Jan. 2009; IBRP • 1 ♂; ibid.; mata ciliar; Malaise; Pt2 ; IBRP • 1 ♂; ibid.; 12 Nov. 2008; IBRP • 1 ♂; ibid.; 15 Oct. 2008; IBRP • 1 ♂; ibid.; 3 Sep. 2008; IBRP • 2 ♂♂; ibid.; 17 Sep. 2008; IBRP • 2 ♂♂; ibid.; 24 Oct. 2007; IBRP • 2 ♂♂; ibid.; 29 Oct. 2008; IBRP • 4 ♂♂; ibid.; 27 Sep. 2007; IBRP . – Espírito Santo State • 1 ♂; São Roque do Canaã, Alto Misterioso ; 19°48′11.8″ S, 40°46′12.6″ W; 2–11 Nov. 2007; C. Waichert exped.; Malaise; Pt18 ; UFES, UFES48993 .

Description

Female (holotype)

SIZE. Fore wing 6.88–10.04 mm long.

HEAD. Clypeus basally slightly convex, at midlength slightly but distictly emarginated, CHW 0.38; median tubercle very small, blunt, placed entirely on apical area; apical area moderately long. Mandible moderately pilose, MLW 1.38, MWW 0.52. MSM 0.67. Supra-clypeal area moderately pilose, minutely coriarious. Antenna with 27 flagellomeres. Supra-antennal area minutely but distinctly coriarious, medially and near ocelli rugulose, ventrally and around ocelli slightly concave, with delicate median line.

MESOSOMA. Pronotum sparsely pilose, weakly striate along posterior margin, elsewhere sparsely punctate; epomia delicate, distinct and slightly curved only after diverging from pronotal collar, short, ending far from dorsal margin of pronotum. Mesoscutum densely covered with short hairs, punctate-coriarious, mesoscutum 1.13 × as long as wide; notauli medially distinctly convergent, notaulus 0.52 × as long as mesoscutum; scuto-scutellar groove moderately deep, weakly carinulate. Mesopleuron anteriorly punctate, posteriorly distinctly lineate; subalar ridge wide, oval, not keeled; epicnemial carina irregular, reaching about 0.85 of distance to subalar ridge; sternaulus moderately deep, posterior 0.4 almost indistinct, with distinct vertical wrinkles; sulcus between sternaulus and scrobe absent; mesopleural fovea moderately deep, centrally a deep pit; mesopleural suture distinctly carinulate inside. Metapleuron rugulose, densely pilose; juxtacoxal carina represented by short ridge. Hind coxa densely punctate.

PROPODEUM. Moderately pilose; anterior margin medially very slightly concave; spiracle oval, SWL 1.20; anterior area coriarious-punctate; posterior area strigate-rugulose; anterior transverse carina slightly and uniformly arched forwards; posterior transverse carina represented by slight but distinct sublateral crests.

WINGS. Fore wing vein 1M+Rs anteriorly straight, posteriorly curved; crossvein 1cu-a convex, arising distinctly basad of 1M+Rs; crossvein 1m-cu irregular, continuous with 1-Rs+M; vein 1-Rs+M with bulla placed near basal 0.3; vein 2Cua 1.31 × as long as crossvein 2cu-a; 3r-m nebulous, about as long as 2r-m; vein 3-M about as long as 2-M; AWH 1.07, AAW 0.53; areolet 0.26 × as high as wide; APH 1.15; vein 4-M nebulous, slightly sinuous. Hind wing with 9 hamuli; vein M+Cu apically slightly convex; vein M forming distinctly obtuse angle with Cua; HW1C 1.13; vein Cub almost straight, very slightly convex, forming straight angle with Cua; vein 2-Rs apically nebulous.

METASOMA. T1LW 1.44, T1WW 2.50; spiracle not prominent, on 0.49 of T1 length; median depression absent; lateral depression very shallow; dorsolateral carina represented by blunt and incomplete ridge; ventrolateral carina sharp, complete. T2LW 0.81, T2WW 1.69; thyridium about as wide as long. Tergites 2–8 coriarious; pilosity progressively denser on posterior tergites and dorsally as dense as laterally. Ovipositor straight; OST 0.65; dorsal valve moderately punctate; ventral valve distinctly overlapping dorsal valve, its apex with 8 teeth.

COLOUR. Head and mesosoma black with yellow marks; metasoma orange. Head mostly pale yellow; apical 0.5 of mandible, small mark near base of mandible, supra-antennal area medially, vertex, occiput and posterior 0.2–0.5 of gena on its dorsal 0.4 black. Orbital band covering entire width of gena on its ventral 0.3; gradually narrowing dorsally to 0.5 of its width. Antenna mostly black; f5–9 entirely white, f10 partially white; f11–27 dark brown. Mesosoma black; collar, dorsal margin of pronotum, 0.5 of propleuron, central spot on mesoscutum, tegula, scutellum, postscutellum, subalar ridge, central mark on mesopleuron, small dorsal mark on hypoepimeron, dorsal division of metapleuron, central mark covering 0.3 of metapleuron and sublateral spots on posterior area of propodeum pale yellow. Fore and mid coxae pale yellow, with dorso-apical, small, brown spots; fore trochanters, femur and tibia ventrally yellowish, dorsally brownish; fore and mid tarsi basally light fuscous, blackish towards apex; mid trochanters and femur light orange, first trochanter with dorsal brown mark; mid and hind tibiae light yellow. Hind coxa, trochanters and femur reddish-orange, coxa with dorso-basal yellow spot; hind t1–3 and base of t4 whitish, apex of t4 and t5 blackish. Wings hyaline. Metasoma orange, lighter towards posterior segments; T1 with lateral yellow marks and narrow posterior yellow stripe.

Variation

Morphometric ranges for this species are shown in Table 1. Fore and mid coxae sometimes without dorso-apical brown spots; yellow mark at metapleuron varying a little in size and shape; yellow spot at hypoepimeron varying in size, sometimes covering it almost entirely, sometimes only about half or so; scape dorsally sometimes light brown with yellow spot; vein 3-M sometimes distinctly shorter than 2-M. Two specimens from São Paulo with Cub distinctly convex at apical half; median depression of T1 sometimes very shallow; smaller specimens with supra-clypeal area medially weakly rugulose.

Male

Similar to female, most important differences as follows. Smaller, fore wing 5.7–7.5 mmlong; pronotum polished smooth. Scape dorsally yellow; mesosternum entirely pale yellow; small black mark near base of mandible absent; metasoma with lighter colour than in female; fore and mid coxae pale yellow, without dorso-apical small brown spots.

VARIATION. Antenna with 28–30 flagellomeres; T1LW 3.01–3.21; T1WW 1.71–1.93. T1 sometimes dorsally dark brown after middle until posterior yellow stripe; yellow mark at metapleuron sometimes small (about half as large as in other specimens); sometimes hind t1 almost entirely blackish; sometimes hind t5 entirely blackish (vs basally whitish and apically blackish in most specimens); sometimes 3-M distinctly shorter or longer than 2-M; rarely scape almost entirely brownish with a very small yellow spot dorso-apically; colour pattern of metasoma varying from orange to light orange; specimen from La Rioja ( Argentina) with sublateral yellow marks on posterior area of propodeum connected; two specimens from São Paulo ( Brazil) with mesosoma brown (vs black in most specimens).

Comments

Structurally, D. paratibialis sp. nov. differs from all other species in the genus by having four exclusive features: fore wing vein 1-Rs+M with bulla placed near basal 0.3; clypeus at midlength slightly but distictly emarginate; hind wing vein M+Cu apically slightly convex; sulcus between sternaulus and scrobe absent.

This species shares several structural and colour features with D. tibialis . These are the most closely related species of the genus and can be easily confused, but extensive comparisons suggest they are indeed distinct species. They are structurally distinct by 36 features, of which the most important are as follows: posterior area of propodeum strigate-rugulose ( Fig. 13B ) (vs rugulose in D. tibialis , Fig. 15F ); anterior margin of propodeum medially very slightly concave ( Fig. 13B ) (vs distinctly concave, Fig. 15F ); and pronotum weakly striate along posterior margin (vs distinctly striate). The following colour pattern is also distinctive: metapleuron with distinct yellow mark ( Fig. 13D ) (vs entirely black, Fig. 15C, G ); fore and mid coxae with small dorso-apical brown spot ( Fig. 13D ) (vs fully pale yellow, Fig. 15G ); mesosternum with large yellow marks (vs black); large central mark on mesopleuron extending beyond the sternaulus ( Fig. 13D ) (vs extending to sternaulus, Fig. 15G ).

The new species is also similar to D. ateles sp. nov., but differs in 49 structural features, of which the most important are as follows: posterior area of propodeum strigate-rugulose ( Fig. 13B ) (vs strigate, Fig. 7C ); metapleuron rugulose (vs lineate); mesoscutum punctate-coriarious (vs densely punctate); epicnemial carina irregular and reaching about 0.85 of distance to subalar ridge (vs more or less uniformly curved, reaching about 0.70 of distance to subalar ridge); median tubercle of clypeus very small (vs large); areolet 0.26–0.37 × as high as wide (vs 0.45); FLGM 26.00–27.00 (vs 30.00); thyridium about as wide as long (vs distinctly wider than long); propodeum moderately pilose ( Fig. 13B ) (vs sparsely pilose, Fig. 7C ). The new species is also similar in colour pattern, from which it can be isolated by having supra-clypeal area entirely yellow (vs with blackish marks); T1 mostly orange (vs black); hind femur fully reddish-orange (vs reddish, apically blackish); propleuron yellow (vs black).

The new species is also similar to D. notabilis sp. nov., but differs in 52 structural features, of which the most important are as follows: posterior area of propodeum strigate-rugulose (vs distinctly strigate); metapleuron rugulose (vs lineate-rugulose); mesoscutum punctate-coriarious (vs densely punctate); spiracle of T1 not prominent (vs slightly prominent); epicnemial carina irregular (vs more or less uniformly curved); spiracle of propodeum oval (vs elongate); supra-antennal area with delicate median line (vs distinct median line). The colour pattern is distinct by having the fore and mid coxae with small dorso-apical brown spots ( Fig.13D ) (vs without dorso-apical brown spots, Fig. 12C ); supra-clypeal area entirely yellow (vs with blackish marks); T1 orange ( Fig. 13B ) (vs mostly blackish, Fig. 12D ).

Distribution records

Brazil (BA, GO, ES, SP), Bolivia, Argentina.

Figures

Fig. 2. Distictus paratibialis sp. nov., holotype (LAPIS5907), ♀, habitus. Photo by Berthil B. Longo.

Fig. 3. Distictus paratibialis sp. nov., holotype (LAPIS5907), ♀, dorsal view. Photo by Berthil B. Longo.

Fig. 13. Distictus paratibialis sp. nov. A. Head, frontal view;paratype (IBRP).B. Mesosoma +first tergite, dorsal view; holotype (LAPIS5907). C. Head, frontal view; holotype (LAPIS5907). D. Mesosoma, left side; holotype (LAPIS5907). E. Apex of ovipositor, left side, holotype (LAPIS5907).

Fig. 16. Distribution records for Distictus spp. A. D. mexicanus Kasparyan & Ruíz, 2005. B. D. ateles sp. nov. C. D. paratibialis sp. nov. D. D. tibialis (Brullé, 1846). E. Least common species: D. commatus sp. nov. (star), D. daelus sp. nov. (triangle), D. asterios sp. nov. (circle), D. notabilis sp. nov. (lozenge), D. ardens sp. nov. (square), D. caligaris sp. nov. (thin lozenge) and D. apaensis sp. nov. (pentagon). F. D. terrosus sp. nov.

Fig. 15. Distictus tibialis (Brullé, 1846). A–B. Head, frontal view (A: UFES; B: CNCI). C. Mesosoma, left side (UFES). D. ♀, habitus (DZUP). E. ♂, habitus (UFES45305). F. Propodeum + coxae + first tergite, dorsal view (UFES51229). G. ♀, habitus (UFES). H. Apex of ovipositor, left side (UFES45337).

Fig. 7. Distictus ateles sp. nov., holotype (USUC), ♀. A. Head, frontal view. B. Areolet of fore right wing. C. Propodeum + first two tergites, dorsal view. D. Habitus. E. Apex of ovipositor, left side.

Fig. 12. Distictus notabilis sp. nov., holotype (AMNH), ♀. A. Head, frontal view. B. Head + mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Head + mesosoma, right side. D. Habitus. E. Apex of ovipositor, left side. F. Dorsal view. G. Propodeum and metapleuron, left side.