Tapiena

Liu, Chun-Xiang & Kang, Le, 2010, The genus Tapiena Bolívar (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae; Holochlorini), with description of three new species from China, Zootaxa 2328, pp. 49-64 : 51-52

Key to species of Tapiena from China

1. Occiput dorsally convex. Male tenth abdominal tergum normal, not specialized........................................................ 2

- Occiput dorsally flat. Male tenth abdominal tergum strongly specialized ................................................................... 3

2. Coloration greenish brown. Front part of head, i.e., frons, clypeus and labrum dark brown; occiput and pronotum with narrow dark longitudinal stripe. Tegmen with distinct dark spots, M vein and Cu vein black ( Fig. 7a ). Male cerci very simple, short, strongly curved and crossing each other, abruptly but not strongly constricted behind base half, apex shaped into a spine ( Fig. 3d ) .......................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................ Tapiena bivittata Hsia & Xia, 1992

- Coloration concolorous. Occiput and pronotum without any colourful stripe. Tegmen with M vein and Cu vein not black. Tegmen without any dark spots. Male cerci cylindrical, slightly curved, apical part enlarged, with a upcurved hook ( Fig. 3 h) ........................................................................................................... Tapiena simplicis Liu & Xia, 1996

3. Male tenth abdominal tergum not compressed in lateral view; in dorsal view it slightly produced, with apical margin contracting with 4 spines ( Fig. 4d , f) ................................................................... Tapiena quadridens Liu & Xia, 1996

- Male tenth abdominal tergum compressed in lateral view; in dorsal view, it produced backwards into a long median process........................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4. Medial process of male tenth abdominal tergum dorsally not concave, with apical part approximately truncated..... 5

- Medial process of male tenth abdominal tergum somewhat concave dorsally, with apical part concave .................... 8

5. Male tenth abdominal tergum with spiniferous dorsal surface in apical third part, and its ventral margin possessing several big spines; male cerci with apical part bispinose.............................................................................................. 6

- Apical part of male tenth abdominal tergum without spines or slightly spinous; male cerci only with one spine at apex ............................................................................................................................................................................... 7

6. Male tenth abdominal tergum with 4–5 big spines on ventral margin ( Fig. 4 g). Female subgenital plate triangular on the whole, ventral surface in basal part symmetrically intumesced, lateral margins of distal part slightly concave, and apical margin obtuse ( Fig. 4 k) .......................................................................... Tapiena spinicaudata Liu & Xia, 1996

- Male tenth abdominal tergum with 2–3 big spines on ventral margin ( Fig. 4 m). Female subgenital plate pentagonal on the whole, with lateral margins of basal half part extending outwards, lateral margins of distal half part contracting and slightly convex, and apical margin emarginated ( Fig. 4 q) ............ Tapiena parapentagona Liu & Kang , sp. n.

7. Size larger (length of male tegmen: 39mm; length of male posterior femur: 17.5mm). In dorsal view, male tenth abdominal tergum with short stick-like structure, apical margin with small symmetrical round lateral lobes ( Fig. 4d ). Female unknown ............................................................................................. Tapiena longzhouensis Liu & Yin, 2004

- Size rather smaller (length of male tegmen: 32mm; length male posterior femur: 16.5mm). In dorsal view, male tenth abdominal tergum with long stick-like structure, apical margin without small symmetrical round lateral lobes ( Fig. 4 h). Female unknown ...................................................................................... Tapiena yunnana Xia & Liu, 1989

8. Male tenth abdominal tergum dorsally with an indistinct very narrow median longitudinal furrow in the basal third part; male cerci with obtuse apex.................................................................................................................................. 9

- Male tenth abdominal tergum dorsally thoroughly with a distinct wide median longitudinal furrow, which almost separated the tenth abdominal tergum into two symmetrical lobes ( Fig. 6 o); male cerci with apex incurved into a triangular spine ( Fig. 6 p) .......................................................................................... Tapiena bilobata Liu & Kang, sp. n.

9. Size much smaller (length of tegmen: male 32.5mm, female 37.0mm; length of hind femur: male 16.0mm, female 16.0mm). Male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen with about 240 fine teeth ( Fig. 6a ). Female subgenital plate triangular on the whole, with lateral margins slightly convex, and apical margin obtuse ( Fig. 6 e) ..................... ................................................................................................................................................ Tapiena stridulous sp. n.

- Size much larger (length of male tegmen: 35.0 – 36.0mm; length of hind femur: 17.0mm). Male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen with about 150 rather distinct fine teeth and about apical 25 indistinct teeth ( Fig. 6b ). Female unknown ................................................................................................ Tapiena hainanensis Liu & Xia, 1996

Figures

FIGURE 7. a, b, whole body in lateral view. a, Tapiena bivittata; b, Tapiena sp. (unidentified).

FIGURE 3. a – f, T. bivittata; g – l, T. simplicis. a, g, male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen; b, i, male abdominal apex in lateral view; c, j, male subgenital plate in ventral view; d, h, male cerci in dorsal view; e, k, female abdominal apex in lateral view; f, l, female subgenital plate in ventral view.

FIGURE 4. a, d – j, T. quadridens; b, g – k, T. spinicaudata; c, l – q, T. parapentagona Liu & Kang, sp. n.. a – c, male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen; d, g, l, male abdominal apex in lateral view; e, male abdominal apex in ventral view; i, o, male subgenital plate in ventral view; f, m, male tenth abdominal tergum in dorsal view; h, n, male cerci in dorsal view; j, p, female abdominal apex in lateral view; k, q, female subgenital plate in ventral view.

FIGURE 6. a, d – i, T. stridulous sp. n.; b, j – m, T. hainanensis; c, n – q, T. bilobata Liu & Kang, sp. n.. a – c, male stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen; d, female abdominal apex in lateral view; e, female subgenital plate in ventral view; f, j, n, male abdominal apex in lateral view; g, k, o, male tenth abdominal tergum in dorsal view; h, l, p, male cerci in dorsal view; i, m, q, male subgenital plate in ventral view.