Parena (Crossoglossa) testacea ( Chaudoir, 1872 )

Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2023, Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina), Zootaxa 5286 (1), pp. 1-144 : 38-40

[5] Parena (Crossoglossa) testacea ( Chaudoir, 1872)

Habitus: Figs 21A, 21B . Male genitalia: Fig. 22 . Gonocoxites of ovipositor: Fig. 11 α.

Chaudoir, 1872: 178 (original: Crossoglossa ; type locality: Deccan; lectotype in MNHN ); Andrewes, 1929: 314 (misidentification of Parena mellea ); Andrewes, 1930: 258 ( Nepal); Jedlička, 1952: 210; Darlington, 1968: 139 (misidentification of Parena mellea ); Shibata, 1987: 63 (Taiwan); Xie & Yu, 1993: 194 ( China: Jiangsu, Yunnan); Kirschenhofer, 2006: 89, 102.

Type material examined. Crossoglossa testacea Chaudoir : Lectotype (MNHN, Fig. 21A ), designated herein: female, body length = 10.1 mm, pin mounted, "TYPE" [red label, added by Mateu], " testacea / Chaud. / Indes Orient. / S. Stevens " [ex Chaudoir’s box label, pinned under specimen now], "MUSEUM PARIS 1952, Coll. R. OBERTHUR". Paralectotype (MNHN): 1 male, without head, " PARATYPE " [red label], "MUSEUM PARIS 1952, Coll. R. OBERTHUR".

Notes on types. This species was originally described from one male and one female from "Deccan", perfectly in accord with the two type specimens in MNHN that we examined. Because the male is incomplete (head missing), we herein designate the complete female as lectotype.

Non-type material examined. China: 1 male (IZAS), "Zi-ka-wei, 1912.VI.24 " < Figs 10B , 22B >. 1 female (IZAS), " Zhejiang, Putuoshan , 1974.X.9, Li Fasheng lgt." . 1 female (IZAS), " Zhejiang, Pinghu , 1981.VIII.28 " . 1 female (IZAS), " Zhejiang, Longquan , 1982.VII.11 " < Fig. 11 α >. 1 male (IZAS), " Guangdong, Shenzhen, Futian, Meilinhoushan , N22.56, E114.02, 233 m, Mai Zuqi lgt., 2020-3-15 " < Figs 14D, 14L , 21B >. 1 male (IZAS), " Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Damenglong , 650 m, 1958.IV.18, Zheng Leyi lgt." . 1 male (MNHN), " Yang-tsze Kiang ", " Ex. Musaeo H.W. BATES, 1892", "MUSEUM PARIS 1952, Coll. R. OBERTHUR" . 1 male (NHML), "Kuraru. Formosa. 1932 5. Leg. Y. Yano " . 2 females (NHML), " Kasapin. Near avi, Formosa. 10-V-1938 ", "coll. Yoshio Yano ", " H.E. Andrewes Coll. B.M. 1945-97". Vietnam : 1 male, 1 female (MNHN), " Chu ganh, 5.1914", "MUSEUM PARIS, Coll. Ch. ALLUAUD". 1 ex (CMB), " Vietnam: Buonmathuot , Prov. Daklak , 23- 26.6.1985 ". India : 1 male (MNHN), " Inde coll. Boucard 1919", "MUSEUM PARIS, Ex Coll. M. MAINDRON, Coll. G. BABAULT, 1930", " Crossoglossa testacea Chaud. " < Fig. 22A >. 1 ex (MHNL), "Belgaum / Bombay/ H.E. Andrewes "; " Phloeodromius / testaceus/ Chaud. / compared with / type H.E.A."; " H.E. Andrewes Coll. / B.M. 1945-97" . 1 male (MHNL), " Maissour / Shimoga / Juin 1897 "; " Ex. Coll. / R. Oberthur "; " H.E. Andrewes Coll. / B.M. 1945-97". Nepal : 1 female (MHNL), "Nepal".

Comparisons. P. testacea is distinguishable from the other four species in this group by the combination of: only antennomere 1 yellow; elytral intervals with dense punctures, strial puncture rows poorly defined; elytra sutural angles sharply pointed, forming long spines; outer apical angles distinctly angulate; terminal sternite with apical margin straight at middle in both sexes.

This species is similar to P. sulawesiensis in the shape of elytra sutural angles ( Figs 14D, 14E ), but the latter species is different in: (1) basal three antennomeres yellow; (2) punctures on elytra intervals slightly finer and much sparser than in P. testacea , so that strial puncture rows well defined; (3) elytra outer apical angles completely rounded, not forming distinct angles as in P. testacea ; (4) apical lamella of aedeagus slightly longer; and (5) female terminal sternite strongly projected at middle ( Fig. 8B ).

In the color of antennae, some specimens of P. mellea are similar to P. testacea . These two species are distinguishable by the different shape of elytral sutural denticles and the apical lamella of male genitalia.

Description. Body length 9.5–10.1 mm. Dorsum pale yellow; antennomere 1 yellow, antennomeres 2 and 3 black or dark brown, remainder of antennae black; apices of mandibles black; terminal labial palpomere black, terminal and penultimate maxillary palpomeres black; tarsomeres black, in strong contrast with light yellow tibiae; venter pale yellow. Pronotum strongly transverse, PW/PL = 1.70–1.80, much wider than head, PW/HW = 1.13–1.22; widest at anterior third, lateral explanations very wide. Elytra without microsculpture; striae not incised, intervals completely flat, striae and intervals with similar very fine punctures, thus striae difficult to distinguish; disc depressed near middle of intervals 3 to 6, depressions large and shallow; apical truncation distinct, straight or slightly curved inward, outer apical angles sharp, forming clear obtuse angles; sutural angles sharply pointed, forming long spines. Apex of abdominal sternite VII straight in both sexes. Median lobe of aedeagus gradually attenuate to apex, apical lamella weakly bent toward dorsum, length subequal to its basal width (LL/LW = 1.0–1.1), apex rounded or slightly truncate. Endophallus densely scaled on basal sheath, base of apical sheath ovate in dorsal view; squamate sac not divided, on basal fifth of median lobe, right to squamate sheath ( Fig. 22 ). Gonocoxite II of ovipositor dichotomous, inner and outer branches each with two short ensiform setae apically ( Fig. 11 α).

Distribution ( Map 4 , red). China (Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Yunnan, Taiwan), Vietnam, India, Nepal.

P. testacea was recorded from Papua New Guinea by Darlington (1968) without a detailed description. We did not examine any materials from Papua New Guinea, but according to the distribution, this record should be based on the misidentification of P. mellea .

Geographical variation. We studied male genitalia of specimens from India and China (Shanghai). They have very slight differences in the shape of apical lamella, with the apex slightly truncate in specimens from India ( Fig. 22A ), and completely rounded in specimens from China ( Fig. 22B ). They are identical in other characters.

Figures

MAP 4. Distributions for species in the Parena (Crossoglossa) testacea group.

FIGURE 8. Apex of sternite VII of Parena spp. A–D females: A P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. B P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. C P. (Crossoglossa) mellea (Chaudoir), Philippine. D P. (Crossoglossa) cruralis Andrewes, Borneo. E–J males: E P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Tianjin. F P. (Crossoglossa) mellea (Chaudoir), Philippine. G P. (Parena) monticola Shibata, Jiangxi. H P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. I P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Philippine. J P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Scale bar = 0.5mm.

FIGURE 10. Parameres of male genitalia for Parena spp. A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing. B P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Shanghai. C P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Zhejiang. D P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. F P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Xizang. G P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. H P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. I P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 11. Gonocoxites (left side) of ovipositor for Parena spp., ventral side (dorsal side for fig. Q). A–J subgenus Bothynoptera: A P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp.n., Laos, paratype. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Shaanxi. C P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Guangdong. D P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. G P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes), Taiwan. H P. (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) emarginata sp. n., holotype. J P. (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., Sichuan, paratype. K–X subgenus Parena: K P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sulawesi. L P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Yunnan. M P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. N P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. O P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. P P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Q P. (Parena) politissima (Chaudoir), Vanuatu. R P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Guizhou. S P. (Parena) circumdata Shibata, Taiwan. T P. (Parena) pendleburyi Andrewes, Borneo. U P. (Parena) fulva sp. n., Zimbabwe, paratype. V P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. W P. (Parena) ruficornis sp.n., CentralAfrica, paratype. X P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Uganda. Y–γ subgenus Crossoglossa: Y P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Taiwan. Z P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Yunnan. α P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Zhejiang. β P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. γ P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. Scale bar = 0.2mm.

FIGURE 14. Elytra apex of Parena (Crossoglossa) spp. A–H Elytra sutural angle (left), scale bar = 0.2mm. A P. cavipennis (Bates), Shaanxi. B P. laesipennis (Bates), Vietnam. C P. levata Andrewes, Borneo. D P. testacea (Chaudoir), Guangdong. E P. sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. F P. cruralis Andrewes, Borneo. G P. mellea (Chaudoir), Philippine. H P. sciakyi sp. n., holotype. I–L Elytra outer apical angle (left), scale bar = 0.5mm. I P. cavipennis (Bates), Shaanxi. J P. laesipennis (Bates), Taiwan. K P. sciakyi sp. n., holotype. L P. testacea (Chaudoir), Guangdong.

FIGURE 21. Habitus of Parena (Crossoglossa) testacea species group. A Lectotype of Parena testacea (Chaudoir). B P. testacea (Chaudoir), male from Guangdong. C Holotype of Parena sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer. D P. sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, male from Sulawesi. E Holotype of Parena mellea (Chaudoir). F P. mellea (Chaudoir), male from Maluku. G P. mellea (Chaudoir), female from Philippine. H Holotype of Parena cruralis Andrewes. I P. cruralis Andrewes, female from Borneo. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 22. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), right-lateral (r), ventral (v), leftlateral (l), and dorsal (d) views. A India. B Shanghai. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.