Gryllini, Laicharting, 1781

Gorochov, Andrej V. & Mostovski, Mike B., 2008, Apterous crickets of the tribe Gryllini from South Africa and Namibia (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), African Invertebrates 49 (1), pp. 109-109 : 110-112

Key to genera and species of southern African apterous Gryllini , based on males

1 Each ectoparamere divided into 2 sclerotised parts articulated with each other: first ectoparamere (1 ec) situated laterally and additionally articulated with endoparamere (en), and second ectoparamere (2 ec) situated medially and contacting with virga (v) ( Figs 1–3 , 6–8, 10–12 , 15–28 ) ........................................................................ 2

– Each ectoparamere (ec) consists of 3 sclerotised parts [lateroproximal part articulated with endoparamere, and medioproximal (m) and distal parts contacting with virga] fused with each other by sclerotised areas, or it contains only a single elongate sclerite ( Figs 30 , 33, 36, 39) ............................................................................... 11

2 Each endoparamere (en) with elongated lateral apodeme (la) at middle part; proximal parts of left and right endoparameres, fused with each other, appear as a narrow transverse sclerite lacking distinct apodeme; spermatophore sac (s) with additional loops ( Figs 1, 3 , 6–8, 10–12 ) [ Kurtguentheria Gorochov, 1996 ] ....................... 3

– Each endoparamere with elongate or almost undeveloped lateral apodeme at middle part; proximal parts of left and right endoparameres, fused with each other, with large lamellar apodeme (pa); spermatophore sac simple, without additional loops ( Figs 15, 18–20, 22–25, 28 ) [ Cophogryllus Saussure, 1877 ].............................. 7

3 Epiphallus (e) with 2 apical processes on each lateral hind lobe ( Figs 3, 5 ) ........ 4

– Epiphallus with only 1 apical denticle or process on each lateral hind lobe ( Figs 8, 12, 14 ) ................................................................................................................... 5

4 Coloration light, but sometimes with slight darkish spots between antennal cavities and on tergites; epiphallus more or less straight in profile ( Fig. 3 ) ........................ ........................................................................... K. macroxipha Gorochov , sp. n.

– Coloration contrastingly spotted, consisting of distinct light and dark spots; epiphallus strongly curved in profile ( Fig. 5 ) ....................... K. simonsi ( Otte, 1987)

5 First ectoparameres almost straight, distinctly not reaching apex of epiphallus ( Figs 7, 8 ) ................................................................... K. brachyxipha Gorochov , sp. n.

– First ectoparameres more or less curved in profile, distinctly projecting behind apex of epiphallus ( Figs 12, 14 ) ........................................................................... 6

6 Dorsal edge of epiphallus in profile with large rounded convexity near apical denticle; first ectoparameres in profile with narrowed distal part and almost acute apex ( Fig. 12 )........................................................... K. laciniosa Gorochov, 1996

– Dorsal edge of epiphallus in profile without any distinct convexity near apical process; first ectoparameres in profile with slightly widened distal part and round apex ( Fig. 14 )............................................................. K.? fasciata (Walker, 1869)

7 Epiphallus with small hind median notch ( Fig. 15 ); first ectoparameres narrow and long, very strongly projecting behind apex of epiphallus ( Figs 15–17 ) ................. ................................................................................. C. maculatus Chopard, 1955

– Epiphallus with deep hind median notch ( Figs 18, 21 , 23, 26 ); first ectoparameres distinctly wider and/or much shorter, not projecting or not strongly projecting behind apex of epiphallus ( Figs 18–28 ) ........................................................................... 8

8 Distal part of first ectoparamere wide, not less than 4 times as wide as distal part of second ectoparamere ( Figs 19, 21 ) ....................................................................... 9

– Distal part of first ectoparamere distinctly narrower, 1.5–2.5 times as wide as distal part of second ectoparamere ( Figs 24, 27 ) ......................................................... 10

9 Latero-apical part of each lateral hind lobe of epiphallus roundly angular from above ( Fig. 18 ); first ectoparamere with rather large apical notch in profile ( Fig. 20 ); second ectoparamere distinctly not reaching apex of first ectoparamere ( Figs 18–20 )...... ................................................................................. C. brevicauda (Karny, 1910)

– Latero-apical part of each lateral hind lobe of epiphallus with acute hook-like projection visible from above ( Fig. 21 ); first ectoparamere with small apical notch in profile ( Fig. 22 );second ectoparamere distinctly projecting behind apex of first ectoparamere ( Figs 21, 22 ) ................................................................ C. delalandi Saussure, 1877

10 Epiphallus with elongate and thin process at medio-apical corner of each lateral hind lobe ( Fig. 23 ); first ectoparameres rather long, almost as long as epiphallus ( Fig. 24 ); ramus (r) reaching apex of epiphallus ( Figs 23–25 )............................... ........................................................................... C. pietersburgi Gorochov , sp. n.

– Epiphallus with short and stout tubercle at medio-apical corner of each lateral hind lobe ( Fig. 26 ); first ectoparameres short, distinctly shorter than epiphallus ( Fig. 27 ); ramus distinctly not reaching apex of epiphallus ( Figs 26–28 ) ...................... ............................................................................... C.? zoutpansbergi Otte, 1987

11 Epiphallus with only 2 large lateral hind lobes ( Fig. 29 ); each ectoparamere consists of 3 sclerotised parts [lateroproximal part articulated with endoparamere, medio-proximal (mesal lobe) and distal parts contacting virga] fused with each other by sclerotised areas ( Fig. 30 ); endoparamere with lateral apodemes only ( Fig. 31 ) [ Acophogryllus Gorochov, 1996 , stat. n.] ......................... A. schultzei (Gorochov, 1996) , comb. n.

– Epiphallus with 3 lateral hind lobes: a pair of large lateral lobes and smaller median lobe (Figs 32, 35, 38); each ectoparamere contains only a single elongate sclerite as mesal lobe is absent (Figs 33, 36, 39); endoparamere without any distinct apodeme (Figs 32, 34, 35, 38–40) [ Natalogryllus Gorochov , gen. n.] ............................. 12

12 Epiphallus with rounded (not hooked) lateral hind lobes (Figs 32, 34); sclerite of ectoparamere situated medially in relation to membranous part of ectoparamere, distal half of this sclerite strongly curved aside (Fig. 33)....................................... .................................................................... N. eshowensis ( Otte, 1987) , comb. n.

– Epiphallus with more or less hooked lateral hind lobes (Figs 35, 37, 38, 40); ectoparamere with sclerite not situated medially in relation to membranous part of ectoparamere, distal half of this sclerite not curved aside (Figs 36, 39) ............ 13

13 Median hind lobe of epiphallus not very short, distinctly visible (Fig. 35); each ectoparamere with apical hook directed medially (Fig. 36) ................................... .................................................................. N. escourtensis ( Otte, 1987) , comb. n.

– Median hind lobe of epiphallus very short, weakly distinct (Fig. 38); each ectoparamere with apical lobule almost rounded (Figs 38, 39) ........................................... ...................................................................... N. trichardti ( Otte, 1987) , comb. n.

Figures

Figs 1–5. Kurtguentheria: (1–4) K. macroxipha sp. n., male genitalia dorsally (1), their distal half ventrally (2) and laterally (3), distal half of ovipositor laterally (4); (5) K. simonsi (after Otte 1987), distal half of male genitalia laterally.Abbreviations: (e) epiphallus, (1ec) first ectoparamere, (2ec) second ectoparamere, (en) endoparamere, (la) lateral apodeme of endoparamere, (m) mesal lobe of ectoparamere, (r) ramus, (s) spermatophore sac, (v) virga.

Figs 6–14. Kurtguentheria: (6–9) K. brachyxipha sp. n., male genitalia of holotype dorsally (6), their distal half ventrally (7) and laterally (8), ovipositor laterally (9); (10–13) K. laciniosa (after Gorochov 1996), male genitalia dorsally (10), ventrally (11) and laterally (12), ovipositor laterally (13); (14) K.? fasciata (after Otte 1987), distal half of male genitalia laterally.Abbreviations as in Figs 1–5.

Figs 15–22. Cophogryllus, _: (15–17) C. maculatus (17, after Otte 1987), genitalia dorsally (15), their distal half ventrally (16) and laterally (17); (18–20) C. brevicauda (after Gorochov 1996), genitalia dorsally (18), ventrally (19) and laterally (20); (21, 22) C. delalandi (21, after Chopard 1955; 22, after Randell 1964), distal half of genitalia dorsally (21), genitalia laterally (22). Abbreviations: (a) apodeme of spermatophore sac, (p) additional articulated process of first ectoparamere, (pa) proximal apodeme of endoparameres; others as in Figs 1–5.

Figs 23–31. Cophogryllus and Acophogryllus, _: (23–25) C. pietersburgi sp. n., genitalia dorsally (23), ventrally (24) and laterally (25); (26–28) C.? zoutpansbergi (after Otte 1987), distal part of genitalia dorsally (26) and ventrally (27), genitalia laterally (28); (29–31) A. schultzei (after Gorochov 1996), genitalia dorsally (29), ventrally (30) and laterally (31).Abbreviations: (ec) ectoparamere; others as in Figs 1–5 and 15–22.